【摘要】：吸收式熱泵系統(tǒng)是一種多部件、多相態(tài)、流動(dòng)、傳熱相互耦合的復(fù)雜換熱系統(tǒng),系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)態(tài)運(yùn)行過程,部件之間多參數(shù)具有耦合特性;本論文根據(jù)吸收式熱泵的技術(shù)特點(diǎn),采用模塊化建模方法,建立了吸收式熱泵機(jī)組的動(dòng)態(tài)模型;依據(jù)Trane廠家提供的60k W吸收式熱泵機(jī)組參數(shù),在Simulink仿真平臺上,搭建了60kW吸收式熱泵機(jī)組的動(dòng)態(tài)仿真模型,研究了60k W吸收式熱泵機(jī)組動(dòng)態(tài)性能及關(guān)鍵參數(shù)對吸收式熱泵機(jī)組熱力特性的影響,在此基礎(chǔ)設(shè)計(jì)上,優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)了300kW吸收式熱泵機(jī)組,300k W吸收式熱泵機(jī)組應(yīng)用到50MW塔式太陽能熱發(fā)電系統(tǒng)中,實(shí)現(xiàn)太陽能熱發(fā)電的熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)。本文在Simulink中將水和溴化鋰的物性編成了可視化計(jì)算程序,并將其應(yīng)用到吸收式熱泵模型中;根據(jù)質(zhì)量和能量守恒方程分別建立了吸收式熱泵幾個(gè)部件的數(shù)學(xué)模型,包括發(fā)生器、冷凝器、蒸發(fā)器、吸收器和溶液熱交換器,并根據(jù)這些部件之間運(yùn)行過程和參數(shù)的耦合關(guān)系將各個(gè)部件連接起來組成吸收式熱泵系統(tǒng)的數(shù)學(xué)模型。參考Trane廠家提供的60k W吸收式熱泵機(jī)組參數(shù)對模型進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證;由于吸收式熱泵從發(fā)電系統(tǒng)回收的熱負(fù)荷較大,在已有模型的基礎(chǔ)上,考慮了熱損和蒸汽在第二個(gè)發(fā)生器中的冷凝,對模型進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,根據(jù)經(jīng)驗(yàn)公式設(shè)計(jì)了300kW的吸收式熱泵模型。通過對吸收式熱泵與發(fā)電機(jī)組的耦合技術(shù)方案的調(diào)研,設(shè)計(jì)了3套吸收式熱泵與太陽能熱發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的耦合方案,利用吸收式熱泵回收電廠冷源損失,用于采暖季集中供暖,非采暖季加熱給水,提高系統(tǒng)熱利用效率、減少冷卻塔中水的蒸發(fā)損失。通過對耦合的吸收式熱泵模型的仿真研究,考察抽氣參數(shù)、熱網(wǎng)水溫度、乏汽溫度對吸收式熱泵系統(tǒng)熱性能的影響;并參考太陽能熱發(fā)電站建設(shè)區(qū)的氣候特點(diǎn),計(jì)算系統(tǒng)的年得熱量、供熱能力、環(huán)境效益以及節(jié)水效益等,采用等效焓降法對系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了經(jīng)濟(jì)性分析。本文結(jié)論對于提高太陽能熱發(fā)電廠熱效率,解決太陽能熱發(fā)電地區(qū)水資源短缺問題提供了技術(shù)方案,提出了可行性與節(jié)水節(jié)能以及經(jīng)濟(jì)效益的論證。
[Abstract]:Absorption heat pump system is a kind of complex heat transfer system with multi-component, multi-phase state, flow and heat transfer coupling. Based on the parameters of 60kW absorption heat pump unit provided by Trane manufacturer, the dynamic simulation model of 60kW absorption heat pump unit is built on Simulink simulation platform. The dynamic performance of a 60kW absorption heat pump unit and the influence of key parameters on the thermodynamic characteristics of the absorption heat pump unit are studied. The 300kW absorption heat pump unit is optimized and applied to the 50MW tower solar thermal power generation system to realize the cogeneration of solar energy and power. In this paper, the physical properties of water and lithium bromide are programmed into a visual calculation program in Simulink and applied to the absorption heat pump model, and the mathematical models of several parts of the absorption heat pump are established according to the mass and energy conservation equations, including the generator. Condensers, evaporators, absorbers and solution heat exchangers are connected to each other to form a mathematical model of an absorption heat pump system. The model is verified by reference to the parameters of 60kW absorption heat pump unit provided by Trane manufacturer. Because the heat load recovered by absorption heat pump from power generation system is large, the model is based on the existing model. Considering the condensation of heat loss and steam in the second generator, the model is optimized and a 300kW absorption heat pump model is designed according to the empirical formula. Based on the investigation of the coupling technology scheme of absorption heat pump and generator set, three coupling schemes of absorption heat pump and solar thermal power system are designed. The absorption heat pump is used to recover the cold source loss of power plant for heating season central heating. Heating feed water in non-heating season improves the efficiency of thermal utilization of the system and reduces the evaporation loss of water in cooling tower. Based on the simulation of the coupled absorption heat pump model, the effects of air extraction parameters, heat network water temperature and waste steam temperature on the thermal performance of the absorption heat pump system are investigated, and the climate characteristics of the solar thermal power station construction area are referred to. The annual heat yield, heating capacity, environmental benefit and water saving benefit of the system are calculated. The equivalent enthalpy drop method is used to analyze the economy of the system. The conclusion of this paper provides a technical scheme for improving the thermal efficiency of solar thermal power plants and solving the shortage of water resources in the area of solar thermal power generation. The feasibility, water saving and energy saving as well as economic benefits are demonstrated.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM615

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