銫原子噴泉鐘Rabi和Ramsey牽引頻移的理論研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-14 20:01
【摘要】：Rabi和Ramsey牽引效應(yīng)是影響銫原子噴泉鐘頻率不確定度的重要因素之一。構(gòu)建了銫原子噴泉鐘中微波腔的輻射場與冷原子團相互作用的物理模型,獲得了原子—輻射場哈密頓量和時間演化算符。通過數(shù)值求解時間演化算符的薛定諤方程,用蒙特卡洛方法模擬原子團速度和密度的二維分布,獲得了鐘躍遷概率和Rabi和Ramsey頻移,并對頻移量與初始原子|3,±1態(tài)對稱性、|3,0與|3,±1態(tài)相干和相干相位的關(guān)系進行了理論分析,應(yīng)用于銫原子噴泉鐘得到Ramsey腔微波脈沖面積是7π/2時非相干和相干初始原子態(tài)對應(yīng)Rabi和Ramsey牽引頻移量級分別為10-18和10-14,且頻移量與相干相位呈三角函數(shù)關(guān)系,與PTB評定該項頻移得到的理論及實驗結(jié)果一致。
[Abstract]:Rabi and Ramsey traction effects are one of the important factors affecting the frequency uncertainty of cesium fountain clock. A physical model of the interaction between the radiation field of the microwave cavity and the cold atomic cluster in the cesium atomic fountain clock is established. The atom-radiation field Hamiltonian and the time evolution operator are obtained. By numerically solving the Schrodinger equation of the time evolution operator, the Monte Carlo method is used to simulate the two-dimensional distribution of atomic cluster velocity and density. The clock transition probability and Rabi and Ramsey frequency shifts are obtained. The relationship between the frequency shift and the initial atom 3, 鹵1 state symmetry, and the relation between 3, 鹵1 state coherence and coherent phase are analyzed theoretically. When applied to the cesium atomic fountain clock, it is found that the Ramsey cavity microwave pulse area is 7 蟺 / 2 incoherent and coherent initial atomic states correspond to Rabi and Ramsey traction frequency shift orders of magnitude 10-18 and 10-14, respectively, and the frequency shift is trigonometric with coherent phase. The theoretical and experimental results are consistent with those obtained by PTB evaluation of the frequency shift.
【作者單位】： 中國科學(xué)院國家授時中心;中國科學(xué)院時間頻率基準(zhǔn)重點實驗室;中國科學(xué)院大學(xué);
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項目(61127901)
【分類號】：TM935.115
[Abstract]:Rabi and Ramsey traction effects are one of the important factors affecting the frequency uncertainty of cesium fountain clock. A physical model of the interaction between the radiation field of the microwave cavity and the cold atomic cluster in the cesium atomic fountain clock is established. The atom-radiation field Hamiltonian and the time evolution operator are obtained. By numerically solving the Schrodinger equation of the time evolution operator, the Monte Carlo method is used to simulate the two-dimensional distribution of atomic cluster velocity and density. The clock transition probability and Rabi and Ramsey frequency shifts are obtained. The relationship between the frequency shift and the initial atom 3, 鹵1 state symmetry, and the relation between 3, 鹵1 state coherence and coherent phase are analyzed theoretically. When applied to the cesium atomic fountain clock, it is found that the Ramsey cavity microwave pulse area is 7 蟺 / 2 incoherent and coherent initial atomic states correspond to Rabi and Ramsey traction frequency shift orders of magnitude 10-18 and 10-14, respectively, and the frequency shift is trigonometric with coherent phase. The theoretical and experimental results are consistent with those obtained by PTB evaluation of the frequency shift.
【作者單位】： 中國科學(xué)院國家授時中心;中國科學(xué)院時間頻率基準(zhǔn)重點實驗室;中國科學(xué)院大學(xué);
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項目(61127901)
【分類號】：TM935.115
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