【摘要】：輸電線路在電網(wǎng)中的地位不言而喻,土地資源的日益緊張給輸電線路建設帶來了新的變化：一是電力電纜的大規(guī)模應用,二是架空線共用走廊越來越常見。這兩個場景會分別帶來多導體線路耦合問題。電力電纜運行過程中,由于電磁耦合,電纜線芯會在護套上感應出電流,進而引起護套損耗。而交直流線路共用走廊則使得交流線路在直流線路中感應出基波電流并對直流換流器帶來不利影響。在耦合線路研究領域前人已經(jīng)做了大量的工作并取得了許多成果,但是仍然存在著一些問題需要深入研究和解決。當前該領域的研究存在以下不足：(1)護套損耗計算方法不夠理想；(2)對護套連接阻抗器降損策略的特性研究不夠深入；(3)直流側(cè)基頻電流對MMC換流器影響的研究不足；(4)交直流耦合對LCC-MMC系統(tǒng)影響的研究尚屬空白。針對上述幾個問題,本文對耦合線路的建模和分析方法進行研究,主要內(nèi)容如下：(1)研究快速精確的電纜護套損耗計算算法。在非解耦模型的基礎上,通過遞推公式使節(jié)點電壓方程降階。在不損失計算精度的前提下(誤差0.1%),使電纜護套損耗計算速度提升80%以上。該算法適用于目前電纜工程中出存在的諸多護套連接方式�；诒舅惴�,開發(fā)Windows下運行的護套分析軟件。可以輸出指定電纜結構和運行狀態(tài)下的護套電流電壓分布和護套損耗。(2)研究電纜結構對護套損耗的影響。在得到快速精確的護套損耗計算算法后,本文對護套降損策略進行了全面研究。從不同電纜護套連接方式入手,比較了單端接地、雙端接地、交叉互聯(lián)電纜的護套損耗。此外還研究了交叉互聯(lián)電纜在交叉互聯(lián)數(shù)不同和分段長度不均勻時的護套損耗。(3)系統(tǒng)性地研究了串聯(lián)阻抗的降損策略。研究串聯(lián)阻抗的相角和幅值對降損效果的影響。本文研究發(fā)現(xiàn)當串聯(lián)阻抗的阻抗角為90°時(即串聯(lián)純電感)降損效果最好,同時護套上的電壓也達到最小。針對研究算例,本文推薦了交叉互聯(lián)數(shù)不同時的串聯(lián)阻抗幅值。(4)研究直流側(cè)基頻電流對MMC換流器的影響。在時域中推導了給定直流側(cè)基頻分量下交流側(cè)出現(xiàn)的直流偏置公式。公式的計算結果與PSCAD的仿真結果高度一致。從公式中可以看出,MMC交流側(cè)的直流偏置量小于同等條件下LCC交流側(cè)的直流偏置量。(5)研究交直流耦合效應對LCC-MMC系統(tǒng)的影響。研究了耦合效應與交直流線路桿塔架設間距、并行架設長度、交流線路零序分量和交流線路故障狀態(tài)之間的關系。交流輸電線上的零序分量會明顯增大耦合效應。在考慮零序分量的前提下,本文給出了交直流線路桿塔間距和并行長度之間應該滿足的關系,為實際工程建設提供指導意見。
[Abstract]:The status of transmission lines in the power grid is self-evident, and the increasing shortage of land resources has brought new changes to the construction of transmission lines: first, the large-scale application of power cables, and second, the common corridor of overhead lines is becoming more and more common. These two scenarios will lead to the coupling problem of multi-conductor circuits respectively. During the operation of power cable, the cable core will induce current on the sheath because of electromagnetic coupling, which will cause sheath loss. The AC / DC common corridor induces the fundamental current in the DC line and has a negative effect on the DC converter. A great deal of work has been done and many achievements have been made in the field of coupling circuit research, but there are still some problems that need to be deeply studied and solved. The current research in this field has the following shortcomings: (1) the calculation method of sheath loss is not ideal; (2) the research on the characteristics of the loss reduction strategy of the sheathed impedance device is not deep enough; (3) the effect of DC side fundamental frequency current on the MMC converter is insufficient. (4) the effect of AC / DC coupling on LCC-MMC system is still blank. Aiming at the above problems, the modeling and analysis methods of coupling lines are studied in this paper. The main contents are as follows: (1) A fast and accurate calculation algorithm for cable sheath loss is studied. Based on the non-decoupling model, the nodal voltage equation is reduced by recursive formula. The calculation speed of cable sheath loss is increased by more than 80% without loss of calculation accuracy (0.1% error). This algorithm is suitable for many sheathed connection modes existing in cable engineering. Based on this algorithm, the software of sheath analysis running under Windows is developed. The sheathed current and voltage distribution and sheath loss can be outputted under the specified cable structure and operating state. (2) the influence of cable structure on sheath loss is studied. After the fast and accurate calculation algorithm of sheath loss is obtained, the strategy of sheath loss reduction is studied in this paper. Starting with different cable sheath connection modes, the sheathing losses of single terminal ground, double terminal ground and cross connected cable are compared. In addition, the sheathing loss of cross-connected cables with different interconnect numbers and uneven sectional length is studied. (3) the loss reduction strategy of series impedance is studied systematically. The effect of phase angle and amplitude of series impedance on the loss reduction effect is studied. In this paper, it is found that when the impedance angle of series impedance is 90 擄(that is series pure inductor), the loss reduction effect is the best, and the voltage on the sheath is also minimum. In this paper, the series impedance amplitudes with different cross interconnections are recommended for example. (4) the effect of DC base frequency current on MMC converter is studied. In the time domain, the DC bias formula for the AC side with a given fundamental frequency component of the DC side is derived. The calculation results of the formula are in good agreement with the simulation results of PSCAD. It can be seen from the formula that the DC bias of MMC AC side is smaller than that of LCC AC side under the same conditions. (5) the effect of AC / DC coupling effect on LCC-MMC system is studied. The relationship between the coupling effect and the distance between AC / DC line tower erection, the parallel erection length, the zero sequence component of AC line and the fault state of AC line is studied. The zero sequence component on AC transmission lines will increase the coupling effect obviously. On the premise of considering the zero-sequence component, the relationship between the distance between the poles and towers and the parallel length of the AC / DC transmission lines is given in this paper, which provides guidance for the practical engineering construction.
【學位授予單位】：浙江大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TM75

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