本文選題：非接觸式 + 靜電檢測(cè)�。� 參考：《蘭州理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：在電力系統(tǒng)中,各電氣設(shè)備的接地裝置及變電站、發(fā)電廠內(nèi)的接地網(wǎng)是否可靠、是否完整對(duì)電氣設(shè)備的安全穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行起著重要的作用。電氣設(shè)備的接地是否達(dá)標(biāo)不僅影響電氣設(shè)備的正常運(yùn)行,而且影響運(yùn)維與檢修人員的人生安全。本文針對(duì)電氣設(shè)備接地狀況的監(jiān)測(cè)手段比較單一,且費(fèi)事費(fèi)力這一現(xiàn)象,提出一種能夠做到實(shí)時(shí)檢測(cè)電氣設(shè)備的接地狀況的系統(tǒng)或裝置。非接觸式檢測(cè)接地是否完好的方法有靜電感應(yīng)法和空氣電離法兩種,本文主要是利用非接觸式靜電感應(yīng)檢測(cè)這一方法,選取合適的傳感器,由于靜電傳感器輸出信號(hào)相對(duì)較弱,且受外界環(huán)境影響,導(dǎo)致其中含有大量噪聲信號(hào)及其他干擾信號(hào)。所以信號(hào)采集系統(tǒng)對(duì)靜電傳感器的輸出信號(hào)進(jìn)行采集之前需要對(duì)其進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)奶幚韥?lái)降低其中的干擾信號(hào),通過(guò)檢測(cè)探頭與被檢測(cè)設(shè)備的感應(yīng)電場(chǎng)來(lái)檢測(cè)帶電體的表面電壓降。通過(guò)振動(dòng)電容式靜電計(jì)測(cè)量設(shè)備表面靜電的情況來(lái)監(jiān)測(cè)電氣設(shè)備接地狀況,同時(shí)與傳統(tǒng)的測(cè)試方法測(cè)讀出的接地電阻進(jìn)行比較,記錄不同等級(jí)電氣設(shè)備接地正常及接地不良時(shí)靜電的積聚與泄放規(guī)律,從而推倒出準(zhǔn)確判斷設(shè)備是否接地不良的算法,完成接地電阻實(shí)時(shí)系統(tǒng)的硬件和軟件系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)與研究。本文提出接地阻抗監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行是由各種輔助電路來(lái)控制工作的,其中,包括模擬與數(shù)字電路以及單片機(jī)對(duì)其信號(hào)進(jìn)行及時(shí)的處理和優(yōu)化,使其達(dá)到想要的理想狀態(tài),并且符合電場(chǎng)測(cè)量所需要的精度值,方可直接用于監(jiān)測(cè)和測(cè)量,使用靜電感應(yīng)技術(shù)采集接地阻抗后利用無(wú)線傳輸技術(shù)和現(xiàn)代電子技術(shù),遵循自動(dòng)化檢測(cè)方向設(shè)計(jì)了一種非接觸式接地電實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)。系統(tǒng)設(shè)立多個(gè)觀測(cè)站采集,每一個(gè)觀測(cè)站均安裝一臺(tái)靜電感應(yīng)測(cè)試儀進(jìn)行接地阻抗監(jiān)測(cè)。本文對(duì)檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)的電路組成,進(jìn)行了一系列優(yōu)化,使檢測(cè)在最大程度上消除了各種可變因素對(duì)于電場(chǎng)測(cè)量帶來(lái)的干擾,改善了在電場(chǎng)測(cè)量的相應(yīng)精度。同時(shí)監(jiān)控裝置可以根據(jù)自身存儲(chǔ)的數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)與靜電檢測(cè)儀發(fā)送的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行比較,從而得到裝置接地是否可靠的信息。而遠(yuǎn)端多點(diǎn)測(cè)試的過(guò)程是由以上信息最終經(jīng)由通信線路傳到計(jì)算機(jī)監(jiān)控室,計(jì)算機(jī)中心亦可將所有測(cè)量信號(hào)傳輸至各個(gè)線路,對(duì)其終端進(jìn)行調(diào)節(jié)。工作人員可通過(guò)計(jì)算機(jī)的軟件界面,實(shí)時(shí)操作控制,方可得到目前接地阻抗值,采集之后通過(guò)無(wú)線網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)將數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送至遠(yuǎn)方監(jiān)控系統(tǒng),完成變電站、發(fā)電廠電氣設(shè)備接地狀況的實(shí)時(shí)、遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控,故障預(yù)警及定位。
[Abstract]:In the power system, the grounding device of each electrical equipment, the substation, the grounding grid in the power plant is reliable, and the integrity plays an important role in the safe and stable operation of the electrical equipment. Whether the grounding of electrical equipment meets the standard not only affects the normal operation of electrical equipment, but also affects the safety of operation and maintenance personnel. Aiming at the phenomenon that the monitoring method of grounding condition of electrical equipment is simple and laborious, a system or device that can detect the grounding condition of electrical equipment in real time is put forward in this paper. There are two kinds of non-contact detection methods: electrostatic induction method and air ionization method. This paper mainly uses non-contact electrostatic induction detection method to select the appropriate sensor, because the output signal of electrostatic sensor is relatively weak. And by the external environment, resulting in a large number of noise signals and other interference signals. So the signal acquisition system needs to deal with the output signal of electrostatic sensor properly to reduce the interference signal and detect the voltage drop of charged body by detecting the inductive electric field of the probe and the detected equipment before collecting the output signal of electrostatic sensor. The grounding condition of electrical equipment is monitored by vibrating capacitance electrometer to measure the static electricity on the surface of the equipment. At the same time, it is compared with the ground resistance read out by the traditional test method. This paper records the accumulation and discharge rule of static electricity in normal grounding and bad grounding of electrical equipment of different grades, thus pushing down the algorithm of judging whether the equipment is grounding bad or not, and accomplishing the design and research of hardware and software system of earthing resistance real time system. In this paper, it is proposed that the steady operation of the grounding impedance monitoring system is controlled by various auxiliary circuits, including analog and digital circuits and single chip computers, which can process and optimize their signals in time, so that they can reach the desired ideal state. It can be directly used for monitoring and measurement only if the accuracy of electric field measurement is satisfied. After collecting earthing impedance by electrostatic induction technology, wireless transmission technology and modern electronic technology can be used. A non-contact real-time monitoring system for grounding electricity is designed according to the direction of automatic detection. Several observation stations are set up in the system and each station is equipped with an electrostatic induction tester to monitor the grounding impedance. In this paper, a series of optimizations have been carried out on the circuit composition of the detection system, so that the interference caused by various variable factors to the electric field measurement is eliminated to the greatest extent, and the corresponding accuracy of the electric field measurement in the field is improved. At the same time, the monitoring device can be compared with the data sent by the electrostatic detector according to the data stored by itself, so as to obtain the reliable information about the grounding of the device. The process of remote multipoint testing is from the above information to the computer monitoring room through the communication line, and the computer center can transmit all the measurement signals to each line to adjust its terminal. Through the software interface of the computer and real-time operation control, the staff can get the current grounding impedance value. After collecting the data, they can send the data to the remote monitoring system through wireless network technology to complete the substation. Real-time, remote monitoring, fault warning and location of electrical equipment in power plant.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TM862

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