本文選題：鈣鈦礦 + 太陽(yáng)電池　； 參考：《華北電力大學(xué)(北京)》2017年博士論文

【摘要】：近年來(lái),基于無(wú)機(jī)-有機(jī)雜化鈣鈦礦光伏材料的鈣鈦礦太陽(yáng)電池因其因其制備成本低、光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率提升快而倍受關(guān)注。而真正實(shí)現(xiàn)鈣鈦礦太陽(yáng)電池的實(shí)際應(yīng)用,仍有諸多問(wèn)題需進(jìn)一步地探索,如大面積制備及其工藝的穩(wěn)定性等。針對(duì)于此,本論文從溶液制備法的工藝優(yōu)化到器件性能的進(jìn)一步提升,以及大面積制備工藝的開(kāi)發(fā)等方面開(kāi)展了研究,具體內(nèi)容包括:(1)在分步液浸法及兩步旋涂法的基礎(chǔ)上,提出以多步旋涂法沉積鈣鈦礦薄膜,實(shí)現(xiàn)了鈣鈦礦太陽(yáng)電池高可重現(xiàn)性的制備。一方面,以定量旋涂異丙醇的方式對(duì)PbI2薄膜進(jìn)行預(yù)潤(rùn)濕,并采用旋涂沖洗的后處理工藝改善了鈣鈦礦薄膜的成膜質(zhì)量;另一方面,利用異丙醇和環(huán)己烷的混合體作為溶劑配制CH3NH3I前驅(qū)體溶液,優(yōu)化了PbI2到鈣鈦礦的轉(zhuǎn)化反應(yīng)。利用上述方法制備的CH3NH3PbI3薄膜晶粒尺寸分布集中,薄膜覆蓋率高、均勻性好,不但有效避免原料試劑的浪費(fèi)、增強(qiáng)了過(guò)程可操作性,而且實(shí)現(xiàn)了各項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)參數(shù)的量化控制。利用該方法制備的鈣鈦礦薄膜使器件光電轉(zhuǎn)換的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差不超過(guò)±0.52,器件的可重現(xiàn)性得以顯著增強(qiáng)。(2)通過(guò)溶劑工程與氯添加劑的優(yōu)選組合,實(shí)現(xiàn)了鈣鈦礦薄膜質(zhì)量的提升,獲得了較高效率的鈣鈦礦電池。研究表明,在DMSO溶劑體系下,PbCl2的介入可顯著提升鈣鈦礦薄膜的成膜質(zhì)量,并增強(qiáng)了活性層的光吸收能力;當(dāng)摻入PbCl2的摩爾百分比為30%時(shí),所得薄膜的形貌、結(jié)晶特性達(dá)到相對(duì)最優(yōu)狀態(tài),并表現(xiàn)出了較強(qiáng)的光收集能力。在此條件下制備的鈣鈦礦太陽(yáng)電池光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率達(dá)到14.42%,較無(wú)PbCl2添加劑調(diào)控時(shí)的效率值提高了36.3%。(3)提出了基于磁控濺射技術(shù)的鈣鈦礦薄膜沉積方法。首先,使用高純金屬鉛(Pb)靶,以高純Ar、O2分別作為工作氣體和反應(yīng)氣體,在襯底上濺射PbO薄膜;其次,使PbO薄膜與CH3NH3I前驅(qū)體溶液進(jìn)行反應(yīng),實(shí)現(xiàn)了從PbO到CH3NH3PbI3的轉(zhuǎn)化。經(jīng)工藝參數(shù)的優(yōu)化,獲得了質(zhì)量和性能均較優(yōu)的鈣鈦礦薄膜;在此基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步制備了介孔結(jié)構(gòu)的鈣鈦礦太陽(yáng)電池,實(shí)現(xiàn)了13.8%的光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率。(4)探索研究面向規(guī)�；慨a(chǎn)的大面積鈣鈦礦太陽(yáng)電池的制備工藝技術(shù),利用磁控濺射技術(shù)沉積鈣鈦礦薄膜,在有效面積超過(guò)1 cm2的平面結(jié)構(gòu)太陽(yáng)電池上實(shí)現(xiàn)了10.7%的光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率;通過(guò)不同面積的器件光伏性能對(duì)比分析,可以看出,該項(xiàng)技術(shù)是實(shí)現(xiàn)大面積鈣鈦礦電池制備的有效方法之一。
[Abstract]:In recent years, perovskite solar cells based on inorganic and organic hybrid perovskite photovoltaic materials have attracted much attention due to their low preparation cost and rapid improvement of photoelectric conversion efficiency. In order to realize the practical application of perovskite solar cells, there are still many problems that need to be further explored, such as the preparation of large area and the stability of the process. In this paper, the process optimization of the solution preparation method, the further improvement of the device performance and the development of the large area preparation process are studied. The specific contents include: (1) on the basis of the two-step liquid leaching method and the two-step spin coating method, The high reproducibility of perovskite solar cells was achieved by multi-step spin coating method. On the one hand, the prewetting of PBI2 thin film is carried out by the way of quantitative spin-coating isopropanol, and the film forming quality of perovskite film is improved by the post-treatment process of spin-coating and washing, on the other hand, The mixture of isopropanol and cyclohexane was used as solvent to prepare Ch _ 3NH _ 3i precursor solution and the conversion reaction from PBI2 to perovskite was optimized. The Ch _ 3NH _ 3PbI _ 3 thin film prepared by the above method has the advantages of concentrated grain size distribution, high film coverage and good uniformity. It not only effectively avoids the waste of the raw material reagent, enhances the operation of the process, but also realizes the quantitative control of the experimental parameters. The perovskite film prepared by this method can make the standard deviation of photovoltaic conversion less than 鹵0.52, and the reproducibility of the device can be significantly enhanced. (2) the quality of perovskite film can be improved by the combination of solvent engineering and chlorine additive. A high efficiency perovskite battery was obtained. The results show that the quality of perovskite films and the photoabsorption of the active layer can be significantly enhanced by PbCl _ 2 in DMSO solvent system, and the morphology of the films can be obtained when the mole percentage of PbCl _ 2 is 30%. The crystallization characteristic reaches the relative optimum state, and shows the strong light collection ability. Under these conditions, the photovoltaic conversion efficiency of the prepared perovskite solar cells is 14.42, which is 36.3% higher than that without PbCl2 additive. (3) the method of perovskite thin film deposition based on magnetron sputtering is proposed. Firstly, PBO thin films were deposited on substrates using high purity lead (Pb) target as working gas and reaction gas, respectively. Secondly, PBO thin films were transformed from PBO to CH3NH3PbI3 by reaction with Ch _ 3NH _ 3i precursor solution. The perovskite thin films with better quality and performance were obtained by optimizing the process parameters, and the mesoporous perovskite solar cells were further prepared. The optoelectronic conversion efficiency of 13.8% has been achieved. (4) the fabrication technology of large-area perovskite solar cells for large-scale production has been studied and the magnetron sputtering technique has been used to deposit perovskite thin films. The photovoltaic conversion efficiency of 10.7% is realized on the solar cells with an effective area of more than 1 cm2. This technique is one of the effective methods to fabricate large-area perovskite batteries.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TM914.4

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

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本文編號(hào)：2094799