本文選題：染料敏化太陽能電池 + 對電極�。� 參考：《西安科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：染料敏化太陽能電池(DSSCs)被看作新一代的光電轉(zhuǎn)化裝置,擁有光電轉(zhuǎn)化效率高,制備工藝簡單,可透明化等特點(diǎn),被認(rèn)為是當(dāng)今最具有發(fā)展前途的新型光電轉(zhuǎn)化器件之一。其中,對電極在DSSCs中具有關(guān)鍵作用,目前通常采用載有金屬鉑的導(dǎo)電玻璃來充當(dāng),盡管鉑電極具有電催化活性高,導(dǎo)電性能好等優(yōu)勢,但由于金屬鉑價格不菲,儲量有限,此外還會與碘基電解液反應(yīng),影響電池穩(wěn)定性,不適于DSSCs大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)與運(yùn)用。所以,研究稀缺貴金屬Pt的廉價代替材料為進(jìn)一步推動該類電池向商業(yè)化發(fā)展具有重要意義。在現(xiàn)有文獻(xiàn)中,將二硫化鑰和硫化鈷類材料結(jié)合形成復(fù)合材料并應(yīng)用于DSSCs對電極的相關(guān)報(bào)道非常有限。而過渡金屬硫化物對器件中的氧化還原電對具有良好的催化性能。因此,本文研究了 MoS2/Co3S4和MoS2/CoS2兩種復(fù)合電極材料,具體研究工作如下。首先,采用一步水熱法分別制備出MoS2和Co3S4催化材料,并借助SEM和XRD對所制備的材料進(jìn)行表征,并將MoS2和Co3S4制作成對電極分別應(yīng)用于DSSCs中,獲得的光電轉(zhuǎn)化效率僅為4.64%和5.11%。進(jìn)一步通過一步水熱法制備出MoS2/Co3S4復(fù)合材料將其應(yīng)用在DSSCs中。通過光伏性能測試,循環(huán)伏安法測試以及電化學(xué)阻抗測試,探究了復(fù)合材料的催化性能,測試結(jié)果顯示:復(fù)合材料中MoS2與Co3S4對I3-/1-的循環(huán)再生展示出了積極的協(xié)同效應(yīng),提高了電極的催化性能,當(dāng)MoS2/Co3S4復(fù)合材料中Mo和Co的摩爾比為1:4時,電池光電轉(zhuǎn)化效率(6.77%)最佳,與Pt的(7.14%)接近,表明所制備的MoS2/Co3S4復(fù)合材料是潛在的可替代鉑的優(yōu)良DSSCs電極材料。然后,通過一步水熱法制備了 MoS2/CoS2復(fù)合材料,并應(yīng)用于DSSCs中,考察了MoS2/CoS2復(fù)合物中不同S的添加量對DSSCs光電轉(zhuǎn)化效率的影響。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:MoS2/CoS2復(fù)合材料對I3-/I-的循環(huán)再生表現(xiàn)出較高的催化性能,不同比例的硫含量均在不同程度上增大了 DSSCs的光電轉(zhuǎn)化效率。當(dāng)Mo:Co:S=1:1:5時,層狀MoS2與顆粒狀CoS2復(fù)合材料對I3-的還原反應(yīng)具有良好的電催化性能,將其用于DSSCs的對電極中,獲得了可以與Pt(7.14%)相媲美的光電轉(zhuǎn)化效率值6.13%。綜上所述,本文借助簡單的水熱合成方法研究了兩種高效且廉價的對電極催化材料,提高了其催化反應(yīng)活性,降低了制作成本,為DSSCs對電極材料的研究提供了新思路。
[Abstract]:Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are regarded as a new generation of photoelectric conversion devices, with the characteristics of high photoelectric conversion efficiency, simple preparation process, transparency and so on. It is considered to be one of the most promising new photoelectric conversion devices. Among them, the pair electrode plays a key role in DSSCs. At present, conductive glass containing platinum is usually used as the conductive glass. Although platinum electrode has the advantages of high electrocatalytic activity and good conductivity, it is limited because of the high price of metal platinum. In addition, it will react with iodine-based electrolyte, which will affect the stability of the battery and is not suitable for mass production and application of DSSCs. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the cheap substitute materials of rare precious metal Pt in order to further promote the commercial development of this kind of batteries. In the existing literature, there are limited reports on the combination of the key disulfide and cobalt sulfide materials to form composite materials and their applications to DSSCs pair electrodes. The transition metal sulfides have good catalytic performance for the redox electric pairs in the devices. Therefore, two kinds of composite electrode materials, MoS2 / Co3S4 and MoS2 / CoS2, have been studied in this paper. First, MoS2 and Co3S4 catalytic materials were prepared by one-step hydrothermal method, and characterized by SEM and XRD. The photoelectrochemical conversion efficiency of MoS2 and Co3S4 were only 4.64% and 5.11% respectively. Mos _ 2 / Co _ 3S _ 4 composites were prepared by one-step hydrothermal method and used in DSSCs. The catalytic properties of the composites were investigated by photovoltaic performance test, cyclic voltammetry test and electrochemical impedance test. The results showed that MoS2 and Co3S4 showed positive synergistic effect on I _ 3-R _ 1- cycle regeneration. When the molar ratio of Mo and Co in MoS _ 2 / Co _ 3S _ 4 composite is 1:4, the photovoltaic conversion efficiency (6.77%) is the best, which is close to that of Pt (7.14%), which indicates that the prepared MoS _ 2 / Co _ 3S _ 4 composite is a potential excellent DSSCs electrode material instead of platinum. Then, MoS _ 2 / CoS _ 2 composites were prepared by one-step hydrothermal method and applied to DSSCs. The effects of different S addition in MoS _ 2 / CoS _ 2 composites on the photoelectric conversion efficiency of DSSCs were investigated. The experimental results show that the ratio MoS _ 2 / CoS _ 2 composite exhibits high catalytic performance for the regeneration of I _ 3 / I _ (-), and the photovoltaic conversion efficiency of DSSCs is increased to different extent by the sulfur content in different proportions. At 1: 1: 5, the composite of layered MoS2 and granular CoS2 has good electrocatalytic performance for the reduction of I _ 3-. When the composite is used in the opposite electrode of DSSCs, the photoelectric conversion efficiency is 6.13% comparable to that of Pt (7.14%). To sum up, two kinds of high efficient and cheap antielectrode catalytic materials were studied by the simple hydrothermal synthesis method, which improved the catalytic activity and reduced the production cost, which provided a new way for DSSCs to study the electrode materials.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM914.4

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本文編號：2075116