發(fā)布時間：2018-06-22 17:46

  本文選題：無功電源 + 事故分析��； 參考：《華北電力大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：能源分布的不均衡、經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)的電能匱乏使得能源互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的發(fā)展成為必然趨勢。區(qū)域電網(wǎng)間的互聯(lián)在提高供電可靠性、提高發(fā)電設(shè)備利用率、提高系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行經(jīng)濟(jì)性等方面具有諸多優(yōu)勢。但是一旦骨干連接線路發(fā)生故障,可能引起互聯(lián)區(qū)域的母線電壓降低,甚至引發(fā)電壓崩潰,最終造成大面積停電事故。近幾年迅速發(fā)展的無功電源可以在線路發(fā)生故障后快速地提供大量無功功率、提高電壓水平、降低系統(tǒng)損耗,并且應(yīng)用的電壓等級越來越高。但由于無功電源造價昂貴,不可能全面配置,因此對電力系統(tǒng)無功電源的優(yōu)化配置問題進(jìn)行研究,不僅具有理論意義,對電力系統(tǒng)的實(shí)際運(yùn)行也具有重大意義。本文研究的具體問題是從電力系統(tǒng)安全性的角度出發(fā),對電力系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行靜態(tài)和動態(tài)無功電源優(yōu)化配置,使系統(tǒng)能夠抵御危及電壓安全的嚴(yán)重故障的威脅。針對大規(guī)模復(fù)雜電網(wǎng)進(jìn)行無功電源優(yōu)化配置前,要對研究對象做一些合理的簡化,以減少計算時間和計算量。本文采用預(yù)想事故分析的方法,分別提出靜態(tài)和動態(tài)的事故嚴(yán)重性指標(biāo)及母線脆弱性指標(biāo)來篩選出系統(tǒng)的嚴(yán)重故障集及脆弱母線集,在動態(tài)事故分析綜合中考慮了母線電壓的跌落程度、低電壓持續(xù)時間和電壓恢復(fù)時間。然后,采用靈敏度分析的方法計算了節(jié)點(diǎn)的靜態(tài)和動態(tài)電壓/無功靈敏度,通過對靈敏度指標(biāo)排序確定了系統(tǒng)中各節(jié)點(diǎn)補(bǔ)償效果的優(yōu)劣,進(jìn)而確定了無功電源的預(yù)選補(bǔ)償區(qū)域。在獲得系統(tǒng)嚴(yán)重故障集和預(yù)選補(bǔ)償區(qū)域的基礎(chǔ)上,分別進(jìn)行靜態(tài)和動態(tài)無功優(yōu)化求解無功電源的最佳補(bǔ)償容量。在靜態(tài)無功電源優(yōu)化配置過程中,從經(jīng)濟(jì)性的角度以電容器投資最小為目標(biāo)函數(shù)。對嚴(yán)重故障的進(jìn)一步簡化是靜態(tài)優(yōu)化方法的一個關(guān)鍵,本文提出了主導(dǎo)故障的概念,它是嚴(yán)重故障集的一個子集,能夠完全反映嚴(yán)重故障集的特征,進(jìn)而提出了基于主導(dǎo)故障的多故障靜態(tài)無功優(yōu)化分析方法�？紤]到電力系統(tǒng)離散變量和連續(xù)變量的混合特征,將靜態(tài)無功優(yōu)化看作一種混合整數(shù)非線性規(guī)劃問題,采用分枝定界法結(jié)合原對偶內(nèi)點(diǎn)法對無功優(yōu)化模型進(jìn)行精確求解。在動態(tài)無功優(yōu)化過程中,本文分析了基本優(yōu)化模型的不足,提出了動態(tài)電壓軌跡越限積分的概念,通過動態(tài)電壓軌跡越線積分對優(yōu)化過程中的母線動態(tài)電壓進(jìn)行限制,形成電壓穩(wěn)定性約束;同時增加了發(fā)電機(jī)功角穩(wěn)定性約束。采用一種均值方差映射算法求解動態(tài)無功優(yōu)化模型,該算法通過映射函數(shù)將解向量精確限制在搜索范圍之內(nèi),具有收斂速度快、不易陷入局部最優(yōu)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。通過對IEEE 39節(jié)點(diǎn)系統(tǒng)的仿真分析驗(yàn)證了本文提出的無功電源優(yōu)化配置方法的有效性,并以河北南網(wǎng)為例,應(yīng)用本文方法對該電網(wǎng)進(jìn)行了事故分析及靈敏度分析、靜態(tài)和動態(tài)無功電源的優(yōu)化配置,制訂了現(xiàn)階段河北南網(wǎng)的無功電源配置方案,通過比較補(bǔ)償前后的電壓幅值,驗(yàn)證了提出的配置方案對目標(biāo)電網(wǎng)的電壓水平確有提升作用,為無功電源的工程應(yīng)用拓展了新思路。
[Abstract]:The disequilibrium of energy distribution, the lack of electricity in the developed areas makes the development of the energy Internet an inevitable trend. The interconnection between regional power grids has many advantages in improving the reliability of power supply, improving the utilization rate of the power generation equipment and improving the economy of the system. But the failure of the one day backbone connection may cause each other. The bus voltage of the joint area is reduced, and the voltage collapse is even triggered, which eventually causes a large area blackout. The rapid development of reactive power supply in recent years can quickly provide a large amount of reactive power, increase the voltage level, reduce the loss of the system, and the applied voltage level is higher and higher. But because of the cost of reactive power supply, the power supply is high. Therefore, it is not only of theoretical significance but also of great significance to the actual operation of the power system. The specific problem of this paper is to optimize the static and dynamic reactive power supply of the power system from the point of view of the security of the power system. The system can resist the threat of serious fault which endangers the safety of voltage. Before optimizing the reactive power supply for large-scale complex power grid, we should make some reasonable simplification to the research object in order to reduce the calculation time and calculation. In this paper, the static and dynamic accident severity indexes are proposed by the method of preview accident analysis. In the dynamic accident analysis synthesis, the drop degree of the bus voltage, the low voltage duration and the voltage recovery time are considered in the dynamic accident analysis synthesis. Then the sensitivity analysis method is used to calculate the static and dynamic voltage / reactive sensitivity of the node, and the sensitivity is calculated by the sensitivity analysis. Degree index is used to determine the compensation effect of each node in the system, and then the pre selected compensation area for reactive power supply is determined. On the basis of obtaining the serious fault set and the pre selected compensation area, the optimal compensation capacity of static and dynamic reactive power optimization is carried out respectively. In the optimization of static reactive power supply, the optimal compensation capacity is obtained. From the economic point of view, the objective function of the capacitor investment minimum is the objective function. Further simplification of the serious fault is a key to the static optimization method. This paper proposes the concept of the leading fault, which is a subset of the serious fault set, can fully reflect the characteristics of the serious fault set, and then puts forward the multi fault static state based on the leading fault. Considering the mixed characteristics of discrete variables and continuous variables in the power system, the static reactive power optimization is considered as a mixed integer nonlinear programming problem, and the branch and bound method combined with the original dual interior point method is used to accurately solve the reactive power optimization model. The basic optimization is analyzed in the dynamic reactive power optimization process. In the shortage of the model, the concept of the dynamic voltage trajectory more limited integration is put forward, the dynamic voltage of the bus is restricted by the line integral of the dynamic voltage locus, the voltage stability constraint is formed, and the stability constraint of the power angle of the generator is increased. A mean variance mapping algorithm is used to solve the dynamic reactive power optimization model. The algorithm has the advantage of fast convergence speed and not easy to fall into the local optimum by using the mapping function to limit the solution vector accurately in the search range. Through the simulation analysis of the IEEE 39 node system, the effectiveness of the optimal allocation method of reactive power supply proposed in this paper is verified, and the Hebei south network is taken as an example to apply this method to the power grid. According to the accident analysis and sensitivity analysis, the optimal configuration of static and dynamic reactive power supply, the reactive power configuration scheme of Hebei south network is formulated at the present stage. By comparing the voltage amplitude before and after the compensation, it is proved that the proposed configuration scheme does have a positive effect on the voltage level of the target power grid, which extends the new thought for the application of reactive power supply. Road.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM732;TM714.3

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