本文選題：微電網(wǎng) + 分布式發(fā)電　； 參考：《太原理工大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著全球能源危機和環(huán)境問題的日趨嚴峻,以光伏發(fā)電、風力發(fā)電為代表的分布式發(fā)電迅猛發(fā)展。但由于分布式電源的不可控性和隨機波動性,使其與大電網(wǎng)之間的融合出現(xiàn)了問題。微電網(wǎng)作為一個小型可控網(wǎng)絡(luò),既可以并網(wǎng)運行,也可以孤島運行,為分布式電源的接入和管理提供了便利。但微電網(wǎng)孤島運行時,分布式電源的不確定性對其運行穩(wěn)定性影響較大,微電網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)中引入儲能裝置可以有效地平抑功率波動,提高系統(tǒng)的供電可靠性和穩(wěn)定性。由于儲能裝置的成本高,在滿足供電可靠性前提下,合理配置微電網(wǎng)中風、光、儲各部分的容量,使微電網(wǎng)各單元經(jīng)濟穩(wěn)定協(xié)調(diào)運行,是迫切需要解決的問題。針對以上問題,本文針對獨立微電網(wǎng)中風光儲優(yōu)化配置方案進行了研究。研究了微電網(wǎng)中光伏、風電以及儲能裝置的特性,建立了其出力模型。采用縱向時刻概率分析法來研究分布式發(fā)電出力波動特性,該方法基于實測歷史數(shù)據(jù)得到分布式電源出力縱向概率分布,并研究了不同置信度下基于縱向時刻概率特性的分布式發(fā)電的日出力曲線,分析了不同時刻和置信度下系統(tǒng)分布式電源可用出力的特性。獨立微電網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)中風、光、儲各部分容量大小以及各發(fā)電單元之間的協(xié)調(diào)運行對于系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定運行影響很大。針對獨立微電網(wǎng)系統(tǒng),充分考慮風光互補特性、不同設(shè)備使用年限、安裝、維護和更換等費用的影響,結(jié)合售電收益與國家發(fā)電補貼政策,以全年負荷缺電率為供電可靠性約束,以全壽命周期成本為優(yōu)化目標的方案,量化風光互補性,以微電網(wǎng)實際安裝場地和分布式電源功率等為約束,建立了獨立微電網(wǎng)風光儲容量優(yōu)化模型。通過MATLAB編寫了獨立風光儲發(fā)電系統(tǒng)容量優(yōu)化軟件,以算例驗證了改進方案的正確性和有效性。蓄電池和超級電容器性能和成本不同,充分利用兩者的互補特性,根據(jù)微電網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)中所需儲能功率和儲能容量來合理配比二者容量,可以有效降低儲能系統(tǒng)的成本,增加設(shè)備壽命,提高微電網(wǎng)運行的可靠性、經(jīng)濟性。本文采用微電網(wǎng)混合儲能兩級優(yōu)化配置方案,第一級利用獨立風光儲優(yōu)化軟件計算系統(tǒng)所需儲能的功率容量和儲能容量;次級優(yōu)化通過機會約束和遺傳算法確定蓄電池和超級電容的容量優(yōu)化配置。通過算例驗證了所提方案的有效性。
[Abstract]:With the global energy crisis and environmental problems becoming more and more serious, distributed power generation, represented by photovoltaic power generation and wind power generation, is developing rapidly. However, due to the uncontrollability and random volatility of distributed power generation, the fusion between distributed generation and large power grid is problematic. As a small controllable network, microgrid can be connected to the grid and can be operated on an isolated island, which provides convenience for the access and management of distributed power generation. However, the uncertainty of distributed generation has a great influence on the stability of microgrid when it operates on isolated islands. The introduction of energy storage device in microgrid system can effectively reduce the power fluctuation and improve the reliability and stability of the power supply system. Due to the high cost of the energy storage device, it is urgent to allocate the capacity of the stroke, light and storage parts of the microgrid reasonably under the premise of satisfying the power supply reliability, and to make the units of the microgrid run economically and harmoniously, which is an urgent problem to be solved. Aiming at the above problems, this paper studies the optimal configuration scheme of wind storage in independent microgrid. The characteristics of photovoltaic, wind power and energy storage devices in microgrid are studied, and the output model is established. The longitudinal moment probability analysis method is used to study the fluctuation characteristics of distributed generation output force. Based on the measured historical data, the longitudinal probability distribution of distributed generation output force is obtained. The daily output curves of distributed generation based on the probability characteristics of longitudinal time under different confidence levels are studied, and the available output characteristics of distributed generation systems at different times and confidence levels are analyzed. The stroke, light, storage capacity of each part of the system and the coordinated operation of each generation unit have great influence on the stable operation of the independent microgrid system. In view of the independent microgrid system, fully considering the complementary characteristics of wind and wind, the influence of different equipment service life, installation, maintenance and replacement costs, combined with the revenue from electricity sales and the national power generation subsidy policy, The power supply reliability constraint is based on the power shortage rate of the whole year load, the scheme with the life cycle cost as the optimization objective, quantifying the complementary scenery, and taking the actual installation site of the micro-grid and the power of the distributed power generation as the constraints, etc. An optimal model for wind storage capacity of independent microgrid is established. The capacity optimization software of independent wind storage power generation system is programmed by MATLAB, and the correctness and effectiveness of the improved scheme are verified by an example. The performance and cost of storage battery and supercapacitor are different. The cost of energy storage system can be effectively reduced by making full use of their complementary characteristics, and according to the energy storage power and energy storage capacity required in microgrid system. Increase equipment life, improve the reliability and economy of microgrid operation. In this paper, a two-stage optimal configuration scheme for hybrid energy storage in microgrid is adopted. In the first stage, the power capacity and energy storage capacity of the system are calculated by using the independent wind storage optimization software. Secondary optimization determines the optimal configuration of storage battery and super capacitor capacity by chance constraint and genetic algorithm. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme is verified by an example.
【學位授予單位】：太原理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM727

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