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  本文選題：微電網(wǎng) + 下垂控制　； 參考：《廣西大學》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：微電網(wǎng)是建設未來第三代電網(wǎng)的動力源和有效手段。微電網(wǎng)的控制策略在微網(wǎng)技術中具有重要地位,它可以實現(xiàn)整個電網(wǎng)的高可靠性、高冗余性和可擴展性。本文針對低壓微電網(wǎng),對傳統(tǒng)的P-V下垂控制策略進行分析、改進、仿真研究和實驗驗證。具體研究內(nèi)容如下：首先分析了光伏系統(tǒng)、儲能系統(tǒng)的結構和基本原理,并對其進行了建模。光伏系統(tǒng)采用擾動觀察法實現(xiàn)光伏電池的最大功率點跟蹤,利用Boost電路控制光伏輸出電壓。儲能系統(tǒng)通過雙向DC/DC變流器實現(xiàn)蓄電池的充放電控制。仿真表明,搭建的光伏系統(tǒng)和儲能系統(tǒng)能保證直流電壓的穩(wěn)定輸出,可有效地用于微電網(wǎng)控制策略的研究。其次,分析研究了傳統(tǒng)的下垂控制方法的原理,利用MATLAB/Simulink軟件實現(xiàn)傳統(tǒng)P-V下垂控制策略的建模。針對采用傳統(tǒng)的P-V下垂控制策略存在功率難以準確分配和受負荷影響較大等問題,本文在兩方面對其進行了改進。其一,在下垂控制器中引入自調(diào)節(jié)下垂系數(shù)環(huán)節(jié),通過動態(tài)調(diào)整下垂系數(shù)來更好地實現(xiàn)功率分配；其二,電壓電流雙環(huán)控制部分引入具有參數(shù)自學習能力的簡化情感控制器,電壓電流雙環(huán)的參數(shù)能夠根據(jù)被控對象的變化而實時調(diào)整,抑制功率振蕩和減少負荷變化帶來的電壓波動,改善系統(tǒng)的動穩(wěn)態(tài)性能。最后對P-V下垂控制策略進行了仿真分析和實驗驗證。搭建含光伏系統(tǒng)、儲能系統(tǒng)的微電網(wǎng)仿真模型,對傳統(tǒng)的P-V下垂控制策略和改進的P-V下垂控制策略進行了仿真分析。仿真結果表明,改進的P-V下垂控制策略的微電網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)的功率均分能力、抗干擾能力、動態(tài)性能和穩(wěn)態(tài)精度均優(yōu)于傳統(tǒng)P-V下垂控制策略。搭建基于dSPACE的P-V微網(wǎng)下垂控制策略實驗平臺,利用dSPACE實現(xiàn)兩臺分布式電源P-V下垂控制算法的編程和測試,控制微電網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)的實物對象。實驗結果表明,分布式電源能平滑并聯(lián),系統(tǒng)按容量比例分配功率。
[Abstract]:Microgrid is the power source and effective means to construct the third generation grid in the future. The control strategy of microgrid plays an important role in microgrid technology. It can achieve high reliability, high redundancy and scalability of the whole power network. In this paper, the traditional P-V droop control strategy for low voltage microgrid is analyzed, improved, simulated and verified by experiments. The main contents are as follows: firstly, the structure and basic principle of photovoltaic system and energy storage system are analyzed and modeled. The maximum power point tracking of photovoltaic cells is realized by perturbation observation method, and the output voltage of photovoltaic cells is controlled by boost circuit. The charge and discharge control of storage battery is realized by two-way DC / DC converter in energy storage system. The simulation results show that the photovoltaic system and the energy storage system can guarantee the steady output of DC voltage and can be effectively used in the study of control strategy of microgrid. Secondly, the principle of traditional droop control method is analyzed and studied, and the modeling of traditional P-V droop control strategy is realized by MATLAB / Simulink software. Aiming at the problems of the traditional P-V droop control strategy, it is difficult to allocate power accurately and is greatly affected by load, so this paper improves it in two aspects. First, the self-regulating sag coefficient is introduced into the droop controller to achieve better power distribution by dynamically adjusting the sag coefficient; second, the voltage and current dual-loop control part introduces a simplified emotional controller with parameter self-learning ability. The parameters of the voltage and current double loop can be adjusted in real time according to the change of the controlled object, which can suppress the power oscillation and reduce the voltage fluctuation caused by the change of load, and improve the dynamic and steady performance of the system. Finally, the P-V droop control strategy is simulated and verified by experiments. The simulation model of microgrid with photovoltaic system and energy storage system is built. The traditional P-V droop control strategy and the improved P-V droop control strategy are simulated and analyzed. The simulation results show that the improved P-V droop control strategy is superior to the traditional P-V droop control strategy in power sharing ability, anti-jamming ability, dynamic performance and steady-state precision. An experimental platform of P-V microgrid droop control strategy based on DSpace is built. Two distributed power source P-V droop control algorithms are programmed and tested using DSpace to control the physical objects of microgrid system. The experimental results show that the distributed power supply can be smoothly connected in parallel, and the power is distributed according to the capacity of the system.
【學位授予單位】：廣西大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TM464

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