本文選題：NiO + 鈣鈦礦��； 參考：《西南科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著能源危機的加重以及嚴重的環(huán)境污染,而太陽能本身因具有無窮無盡且非常清潔的特點,受到了人們極大的關(guān)注。太陽能電池是利用太陽能的一種非常重要的方式,而鈣鈦礦太陽能電池則是其中的焦點。它的性能發(fā)展得十分迅速,其光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率已經(jīng)從最初報道的3.8%已經(jīng)提高到如今的22.1%。本論文將溶液法制備的NiO層應(yīng)用于鈣鈦礦太陽能電池當(dāng)中,從研究影響鈣鈦礦電池效率和質(zhì)量提高的關(guān)鍵問題出發(fā),深入全面地開展了對薄膜及相關(guān)電池性能的研究。本文主要的研究內(nèi)容和結(jié)果如下:通過溶液-高溫煅燒法制備獲得了高透光率、高質(zhì)量的NiO薄膜,并通過旋涂、蒸鍍等工藝來制備了以FTO或者ITO導(dǎo)電玻璃作為陽極、Ni O作為空穴傳輸材料、CH_3NH_3PbI_3作為鈣鈦礦光吸收層、PCBM或者C_(60)作為電子傳輸材料以及金屬Ag作為陰極的鈣鈦礦太陽能電池,然后,我們采用掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)、X射線衍射儀(XRD)、紫外分光光度計、阻抗測試儀、量子效率測試系統(tǒng)以及J-V曲線測試系統(tǒng)等手段對電池性能進行了全面的研究及分析。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),ITO/NiO/CH_3NH_3PbI_3/PCBM/Ag的鈣鈦礦太陽能電池的各膜層之間的界面接觸十分良好,十分有利于該平面異質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)電池性能的提高。其中NiO薄膜具有良好的透光性,使得鈣鈦礦可以充分吸收入射光,并且電池對光的有效吸收波長范圍為300到800 nm之間,與文獻中的報道相一致。同時,我們通過一系列電池研究發(fā)現(xiàn),制備NiO薄膜的最合適的前驅(qū)體溶液濃度為0.05 mol/L、最佳燒結(jié)溫度為500℃。此外,所獲得的該類型的電池的最高效率為14.62%,并且其正反掃的J-V曲線基本重合,沒有出現(xiàn)光電流回滯現(xiàn)象。將通過旋涂、蒸鍍等工藝制備的FTO/NiO/CH_3NH_3PbI_3/PCBM/Ag鈣鈦礦太陽能電池與ITO玻璃基底制備的電池進行性能對比,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)前者電池整體性能要高于后者電池,尤其是填充因子差距較大,這要歸因于高溫煅燒后,FTO膜的方阻遠小于ITO膜,從而相對的提高了電池的填充因子。同時,還可以發(fā)現(xiàn),適當(dāng)降低電子傳輸材料溶液的旋涂轉(zhuǎn)速,可以較大幅度地提高鈣鈦礦太陽能電池的填充因子。此外,所制備的FTO玻璃基底的鈣鈦礦太陽能電池的最高轉(zhuǎn)換效率為16.91%。通過將PCBM和C_(60)這兩種電子傳輸材料制備的鈣鈦礦太陽能電池進行性能對比,可以發(fā)現(xiàn),以PCBM作為電子傳輸材料的電池的整體性能要高于以C_(60)作為電子傳輸材料的電池,這應(yīng)是沉積的C_(60)薄膜的質(zhì)量不高造成的,此外,由于以PCBM作為電子傳輸材料的電池的阻抗高于以C_(60)作為電子傳輸材料的電池,使得其電池的短路電流低于以C_(60)作為電子傳輸材料的電池。通過對兩種電池進行的穩(wěn)定性測試,可以得到以C_(60)作為電子傳輸材料的電池的穩(wěn)定性高于以PCBM作為電子傳輸材料的電池的結(jié)論。此外,以C_(60)作為電子傳輸材料的電池所獲得的最高轉(zhuǎn)換效率為15.67%。
[Abstract]:With the aggravation of energy crisis and serious environmental pollution, solar energy itself has been paid great attention because of its endless and very clean characteristics. Solar cells are a very important way to utilize solar energy, and perovskite solar cells are the focus. Its performance has developed rapidly, and its optoelectronic conversion efficiency has increased from 3.8% initially reported to 22.1% today. In this paper, the nio layer prepared by solution method is applied to perovskite solar cells. Based on the study of the key problems affecting the efficiency and quality improvement of perovskite solar cells, the properties of thin films and related batteries are studied thoroughly. The main research contents and results are as follows: nio thin films with high transmittance and high quality were prepared by solution-high temperature calcinations and spin-coated. Using FTO or ITO conductive glass as anode and nio as hole transport material CH3NH3PbIK _ 3 as perovskite photoabsorption layer PCBM or CST60) as electron transport material and metal Ag as cathode, a perovskite solar cell was prepared. We have studied and analyzed the performance of the battery by means of scanning electron microscope (SEM), SEMU X ray diffractometer, ultraviolet spectrophotometer, impedance tester, quantum efficiency test system and J-V curve test system. It is found that the interface contact between the films of ITO / Nio / S / Ch _ 3NH _ 3NH _ 3PbI _ (3) / PCBM / Ag / PCBM _ (r / Ag) perovskite solar cells is very good, which is beneficial to the improvement of the performance of the planar heterostructure solar cells. The nio film has good transmittance, which makes the perovskite absorb the incident light fully, and the effective absorption wavelength of the battery is between 300 nm and 800 nm, which is consistent with the reports in the literature. At the same time, through a series of battery studies, we found that the most suitable concentration of precursor solution for nio thin films was 0.05 mol / L, and the optimum sintering temperature was 500 鈩，

本文編號：2044507