本文選題：直驅(qū)式永磁同步風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī) + 全功率變換器��； 參考：《廣西大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近些年我國風(fēng)力發(fā)電得到了快速發(fā)展,風(fēng)電并網(wǎng)逆變器與電網(wǎng)之間的交互作用影響電網(wǎng)和逆變器的穩(wěn)定。風(fēng)力發(fā)電是通過逆變器并網(wǎng)的,隨著風(fēng)場(chǎng)裝機(jī)容量的增大,大量風(fēng)電逆變器并入電網(wǎng),不同風(fēng)電并網(wǎng)逆變器間的差異會(huì)引起兼容性問題,其中逆變器輸出阻抗與電網(wǎng)阻抗阻抗不匹配問題變得越發(fā)突出。在電網(wǎng)中其他逆變器等效電阻對(duì)獨(dú)立并網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性帶來了新的挑戰(zhàn),并網(wǎng)逆變器的穩(wěn)定問題成為風(fēng)力發(fā)電領(lǐng)域的一大難題,研究風(fēng)電并網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性成為研究的一個(gè)熱點(diǎn)。本文研究了直驅(qū)式永磁同步風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)及全功率變換器的工作特性,建立了基于RT-LAB實(shí)時(shí)仿真平臺(tái)的2.5MW直驅(qū)式永磁同步風(fēng)力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)仿真模型,進(jìn)行了實(shí)時(shí)仿真實(shí)驗(yàn),研究了風(fēng)機(jī)的最大功率跟蹤問題。同時(shí)在此基礎(chǔ)上研究了并網(wǎng)逆變器的特性以及產(chǎn)生不穩(wěn)定性現(xiàn)象的原因,針對(duì)出現(xiàn)的不穩(wěn)定現(xiàn)象,提出了基于阻抗穩(wěn)定性分析方法即電網(wǎng)阻抗與并網(wǎng)逆變器輸出阻抗之比要滿足Nyquist判據(jù)。利用諧波線性化方法對(duì)并網(wǎng)逆變器輸出阻抗和電網(wǎng)阻抗進(jìn)行了建模,結(jié)合阻抗分析方法和RT-LAB實(shí)時(shí)仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)比分析了電網(wǎng)阻抗對(duì)并網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性的影響。具體完成工作如下:1、為了研究大信號(hào)情況下并網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性,分別建立了風(fēng)力機(jī)數(shù)學(xué)模型、三相靜止坐標(biāo)系中和dq坐標(biāo)系中的數(shù)學(xué)模型以及功率和扭矩模型,研究了直驅(qū)式永磁同步風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)最大功率跟蹤問題。建立了基于RT-LAB的PMSG仿真模型,進(jìn)行了實(shí)時(shí)仿真實(shí)驗(yàn),達(dá)到預(yù)期目標(biāo)。2、建立了機(jī)側(cè)PWM整流器數(shù)學(xué)模型,通過調(diào)節(jié)q軸電流而實(shí)現(xiàn)電磁轉(zhuǎn)矩Te的控制,從而可以實(shí)現(xiàn)風(fēng)機(jī)最大功率點(diǎn)跟蹤控制。分析了整流器對(duì)風(fēng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速的控制。研究了網(wǎng)側(cè)PWM逆變器濾波環(huán)節(jié)、平均模型,并建立PWM并網(wǎng)逆變器數(shù)學(xué)模型。建立了 RT-LAB全功率變換器系統(tǒng)仿真模型,進(jìn)行了實(shí)時(shí)仿真實(shí)驗(yàn),達(dá)到預(yù)期目標(biāo)。3、為了研究小信號(hào)情況下并網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性,研究了阻抗諧波線性化建模方法,利用諧波線性化方法建立了 PLL小信號(hào)模型,建立了不含PLL和含PLL逆變器輸出阻抗模型,并進(jìn)行了仿真分析。4、進(jìn)行了并網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)分區(qū)研究并建立電網(wǎng)阻抗模型。研究了電網(wǎng)阻抗和DC-AC輸出阻抗的比值滿足奈奎斯特的判據(jù),分析了并網(wǎng)逆變器穩(wěn)定性。為了應(yīng)對(duì)風(fēng)電的周期變化性和風(fēng)電大規(guī)模并網(wǎng)帶來的電網(wǎng)沖擊,建立含電網(wǎng)電壓前饋的阻抗模型。利用基于阻抗的穩(wěn)定分析方法和RT-LAB硬件在環(huán)仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)比分析了電網(wǎng)阻抗對(duì)系統(tǒng)的影響。
[Abstract]:In recent years, wind power generation in China has been developing rapidly. The interaction between wind power grid inverter and power grid affects the stability of power grid and inverter. Wind power generation is connected to the grid by inverter. With the increase of wind field installed capacity, a large number of wind power inverters are incorporated into the grid, and the differences between different wind power grid inverters will cause compatibility problems. Among them, the problem of inverter output impedance and grid impedance mismatch becomes more and more prominent. The equivalent resistance of other inverters brings new challenges to the stability of independent grid-connected systems. The stability of grid-connected inverters has become a difficult problem in the field of wind power generation, and the study of stability of grid-connected wind power systems has become a hot topic. In this paper, the working characteristics of direct drive permanent magnet synchronous wind generator and full power converter are studied. The simulation model of 2.5MW direct drive permanent magnet synchronous wind power generation system based on RT-Lab real-time simulation platform is established, and the real-time simulation experiment is carried out. The maximum power tracking problem of the fan is studied. At the same time, the characteristics of grid-connected inverter and the causes of instability are studied. Based on the impedance stability analysis method, the ratio of grid impedance to output impedance of grid-connected inverter is proposed to satisfy Nyquist criterion. The output impedance and grid impedance of grid-connected inverter are modeled by harmonic linearization method. The influence of grid impedance on the stability of grid-connected system is compared with impedance analysis method and RT-lab real-time simulation experiment. In order to study the stability of grid-connected system under the condition of large signal, the mathematical model of wind turbine, the mathematical model of three-phase static coordinate system and dq coordinate system, and the power and torque model are established respectively. The maximum power tracking problem of direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous wind turbine (PMSG) is studied. The PMSG simulation model based on RT-lab is established, and the real-time simulation experiment is carried out to achieve the expected goal. The mathematical model of the PWM rectifier on the machine side is established. The control of the electromagnetic torque Te is realized by adjusting the Q axis current. Thus, the maximum power point tracking control of the fan can be realized. The control of fan speed by rectifier is analyzed. The filtering link and average model of grid-side PWM inverter are studied, and the mathematical model of PWM grid-connected inverter is established. In order to study the stability of grid-connected system with small signal, the modeling method of impedance harmonic linearization is studied in order to study the stability of the grid-connected system in order to study the simulation model of RT-lab full-power converter system, and the real-time simulation experiment is carried out to achieve the expected goal. The small signal model of PLL is established by using harmonic linearization method, the output impedance model of inverter without PLL and PLL is established, and the simulation analysis is carried out. Finally, the grid impedance model is established and the partition of grid-connected system is studied. The ratio of grid impedance to DC-AC output impedance meets Nyquist criterion, and the stability of grid-connected inverter is analyzed. In order to cope with the periodic variation of wind power and the impact of large-scale wind power grid connection, an impedance model with feedforward voltage is established. The influence of grid impedance on the system is analyzed by using impedance based stability analysis method and RT-lab hardware in loop simulation experiment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM464

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