本文選題：126kV真空斷路器 + 電機操動機構��； 參考：《沈陽工業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：為了滿足開關設備智能化發(fā)展需求,提高開關設備運行可靠性。本文研究了高壓真空斷路器的擊穿機理,提出在斷路器動作過程中采用電機操動機構控制觸頭速度抑制擊穿的方法,可以提高斷路器操作的安全性能。為提高高壓斷路器安全操作性能,本文設計滿足其開斷需求的智能控制技術和操動系統。主要開展以下工作:(1)研究電機操動機構的結構及工作特性,將操動機構的等效參數歸算到電機側。以驅動電機為研究對象,分析驅動電機啟動過程參數關系�；陔姍C電樞方程、轉矩方程等,建立電機操動機構的數學模型,分析各數學參量間關系,證明通過調節(jié)驅動電機繞組電壓,可以實現對電機轉速的有效控制。采用數值仿真方法,搭建驅動電機數學模型,開展仿真研究,證明基于脈寬調制技術控制電機轉速的可行性。(2)研究真空開關擊穿機理,推導觸頭恢復電壓計算方程,利用實驗數據擬合斷路器耐受電壓與觸頭開距關系。將觸頭恢復電壓與耐受電壓關系作為擊穿判據,建立觸頭開距關于時間的函數方程,求導函數方程得剛分階段觸頭速度要求。以留彭輸電線路開斷電容器組為操作工況,計算等效線路參數,結合觸頭速度特性方程,分析滿足預擊穿的速度要求,推算剛分后觸頭運動速度曲線。根據高壓斷路器開斷過程速度指標和電機調速方程,求取超程階段、緩沖階段速度曲線;聯立超程階段、剛分3/4階段和緩沖階段速度函數,得到可以抑制斷路器發(fā)生擊穿的觸頭速度預設曲線。(3)研究廣義預測控制算法,結合電機參數方程,建立輸入量電壓與輸出量速度的關系,根據拉普拉斯變換推導傳遞函數,分析幅頻響應,確定采樣頻率。對驅動電機傳遞函數離散化處理,結合丟番方程,建立驅動電機預測模型。根據模型輸出誤差進行反饋校正,采用二次型性能指標滾動優(yōu)化,計算當前時刻加于系統的控制量。開展電機操動機構廣義預測控制的閉環(huán)仿真研究,與常規(guī)PID控制相比,廣義預測控制可以實現更好速度跟蹤效果,最大速度偏差為0.026m/s。(4)在126kV真空斷路器電機操動機構實驗平臺基礎上,開展聯機實驗研究。搭建儲能電容變結構放電實驗電路,完成電機操動機構儲能電容串聯結構和并聯放電實驗,證明儲能電容并聯充電串聯放電能夠提高電機操動機構操動性能。結合廣義預測控制策略與硬件控制裝置,開展速度跟蹤實驗,平均最大速度偏差為0.5m/s,有效完成對預設運行速度的跟蹤,驗證控制算法的可行性。
[Abstract]:In order to meet the demand of intelligent development of switchgear and improve the reliability of switchgear operation. In this paper, the breakdown mechanism of high voltage vacuum circuit breaker is studied, and the method of controlling contact speed to suppress breakdown by motor operating mechanism during the operation of circuit breaker is put forward, which can improve the safety performance of circuit breaker operation. In order to improve the safe operation performance of high voltage circuit breaker, this paper designs intelligent control technology and operation system to meet its breaking demand. The main work is as follows: 1) the structure and working characteristics of the motor actuator are studied, and the equivalent parameters of the actuator are reduced to the motor side. Taking the driving motor as the research object, the relation of the starting process parameters of the drive motor is analyzed. Based on armature equation, torque equation and so on, the mathematical model of motor operating mechanism is established, and the relationship between various mathematical parameters is analyzed. It is proved that the motor speed can be effectively controlled by adjusting the winding voltage of the motor. By using numerical simulation method, the mathematical model of driving motor is built, and the simulation research is carried out. It is proved that it is feasible to control motor speed based on pulse width modulation. The breakdown mechanism of vacuum switch is studied, and the calculation equation of contact recovery voltage is deduced. The experimental data are used to fit the relation between the circuit breaker tolerance voltage and the contact distance. The relation between the contact recovery voltage and the tolerant voltage is taken as the breakdown criterion, and the function equation of the contact opening distance on the time is established, and the derivative function equation is obtained to obtain the velocity requirement of the contact in rigid stages. In this paper, taking the capacitor bank of Liupeng transmission line as the operating condition, the equivalent line parameters are calculated, and the velocity requirement of pre-breakdown is analyzed in combination with the contact velocity characteristic equation, and the velocity curve of contact motion after rigid separation is calculated. According to the speed index of high voltage circuit breaker during the breaking process and the motor governing equation, the velocity curves of the over-range stage and the buffer stage, the velocity function of the simultaneous over-range stage, the rigid three-to-four stage and the buffer stage, are obtained. The preset curve of contact speed, which can restrain the breakdown of circuit breakers, is obtained. The generalized predictive control algorithm is studied. The relation between input voltage and output speed is established according to the motor parameter equation, and the transfer function is derived according to Laplace transform. The amplitude-frequency response is analyzed to determine the sampling frequency. The transfer function of driving motor is discretized and the predictive model of driving motor is established by combining Diophantine equation. According to the output error of the model, the feedback correction is carried out, and the quadratic performance index is used for rolling optimization to calculate the control quantity added to the system at the current time. The closed-loop simulation of generalized predictive control of motor actuator is carried out. Compared with the conventional pid control, the generalized predictive control can achieve better speed tracking effect. The maximum velocity deviation is 0.026 m / s. 4) on the basis of the operating mechanism experimental platform of 126 kV vacuum circuit breaker the on-line experimental research is carried out. The experimental circuit of variable structure discharge of energy storage capacitor is built, and the series structure of energy storage capacitor and the experiment of parallel discharge are completed. It is proved that the parallel charging series discharge of energy storage capacitor can improve the operating performance of motor operating mechanism. Combined with the generalized predictive control strategy and the hardware control device, the speed tracking experiment is carried out. The average maximum velocity deviation is 0.5 m / s, which can effectively track the preset running speed and verify the feasibility of the control algorithm.
【學位授予單位】：沈陽工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM561.2

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本文編號：2042007