本文選題：節(jié)能減排 + 電能替代　； 參考：《華北電力大學(xué)(北京)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,我國(guó)局部地區(qū)大氣污染嚴(yán)重,環(huán)境污染和嚴(yán)重霧霾凸顯出我國(guó)以煤為主的能源結(jié)構(gòu)和高投入、高消耗、高排放的工業(yè)發(fā)展道路的不持續(xù)性。在這種形勢(shì)下,國(guó)網(wǎng)推出了電能替代項(xiàng)目,積極推廣電能替代項(xiàng)目,有利于提高城市的能源使用效率,減少環(huán)境污染,同時(shí)對(duì)改善空氣質(zhì)量、治理霧霾具有重要的意義。但電能替代項(xiàng)目能夠產(chǎn)生何種效益、多大效益,有必要進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)研究。本文首先研究了國(guó)內(nèi)外電能替代項(xiàng)目方面的現(xiàn)狀、政策和發(fā)展趨勢(shì),結(jié)合國(guó)家電網(wǎng)公司對(duì)天津市的政策支持,發(fā)現(xiàn)地源熱泵、電窯爐、電鍋爐、電動(dòng)汽車四大電能替代項(xiàng)目可以在天津市大力推廣。其次,深入挖掘新常態(tài)下四大電能替代項(xiàng)目實(shí)施過程中所涉及的外界影響要素和自身能力要素,將這些要素劃分為外部環(huán)境、公司盈利能力、社會(huì)環(huán)境等三大類,構(gòu)建了電能替代項(xiàng)目效益綜合評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系,包含3個(gè)一級(jí)指標(biāo)、8個(gè)二級(jí)指標(biāo)、23個(gè)三級(jí)指標(biāo)。再次,應(yīng)用基于矩估計(jì)理論的改進(jìn)主客觀權(quán)重集成賦權(quán)方法,通過構(gòu)建差異映射矩陣的方法對(duì)權(quán)重進(jìn)行差異化調(diào)整,得到適用于不同電能替代項(xiàng)目中各類用戶的差異化權(quán)重集,進(jìn)一步采用改進(jìn)物元可拓法構(gòu)建了評(píng)價(jià)模型,并對(duì)天津地區(qū)地源熱泵、電鍋爐、電窯爐、電動(dòng)汽車等電能替代項(xiàng)目進(jìn)行實(shí)證分析,得出地源熱泵的為最佳地電能替代項(xiàng)目。最后,基于電能替代效益最佳的地源熱泵項(xiàng)目,構(gòu)建了綜合效益評(píng)估模型,并以天津?yàn)槔?進(jìn)行經(jīng)濟(jì)和環(huán)境效益實(shí)證分析,進(jìn)一步證明了此項(xiàng)目在天津地區(qū)實(shí)施的可行性,并根據(jù)分析結(jié)論提出了相關(guān)建議。通過本文的研究,一方面可以豐富電能替代項(xiàng)目方面的研究文獻(xiàn),具有較強(qiáng)的理論價(jià)值;另一方面,通過對(duì)電能替代項(xiàng)目的綜合效益進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)研究,為電能替代項(xiàng)目的發(fā)展提出了相關(guān)建議,對(duì)于電能替代項(xiàng)目的發(fā)展具有較強(qiáng)的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。
[Abstract]:In recent years, local air pollution in China is serious, environmental pollution and severe smog highlight the unsustainability of the industrial development road, which is dominated by coal energy structure, high input, high consumption and high emission. Under this situation, the national network has launched the electric energy substitution project, actively popularizes the electric energy substitution project, is advantageous to raise the city energy use efficiency, reduces the environment pollution, at the same time has the important significance to the improvement air quality, the control smog. However, it is necessary to evaluate and study the benefits and benefits of electric power substitution projects. Firstly, this paper studies the current situation, policy and development trend of electric power substitution project at home and abroad, and finds ground source heat pump, electric kiln, electric boiler, combined with the policy support of State Grid Company to Tianjin. Electric vehicle four major electric power substitution projects can be vigorously promoted in Tianjin. Secondly, it deeply excavates the external influence factors and its own ability factors involved in the implementation of the four major electric power substitution projects under the new normal, and divides these factors into three categories: external environment, corporate profitability, social environment, etc. The comprehensive evaluation index system of power substitution project benefit is constructed, which includes 3 first class indexes, 8 second class indexes and 23 third grade indexes. Thirdly, using the improved subjective and objective weight integration weighting method based on moment estimation theory, the differential weights are adjusted by constructing the difference mapping matrix, and the differential weight sets suitable for different users in different power substitution projects are obtained. The evaluation model is constructed by using the improved matter-element extension method, and an empirical analysis is made on the ground source heat pump (GSHP), electric boiler, electric kiln, electric vehicle and so on in Tianjin, and the results show that the GSHP is the best one. Finally, based on the ground-source heat pump project with the best power substitution benefit, a comprehensive benefit evaluation model is constructed. Taking Tianjin as an example, an empirical analysis of economic and environmental benefits is carried out, which further proves the feasibility of the implementation of the project in Tianjin. According to the conclusion of the analysis, the relevant suggestions are put forward. Through the research of this paper, on the one hand, it can enrich the research literature of the electric power substitution project, which has strong theoretical value; on the other hand, through the evaluation of the comprehensive benefits of the power substitution project, Some suggestions are put forward for the development of electric power substitution project, which is of great practical significance to the development of power substitution project.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F426.61

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