本文選題：變壓器 + 勵磁涌流　； 參考：《山東大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：變壓器是連接電網(wǎng)與用戶的樞紐,在電力系統(tǒng)中不可或缺,其承載著電壓的升降,運行狀態(tài)影響系統(tǒng)的電能質量。雖然經(jīng)過長期的使用和不斷的改進,但變壓器的合閘穩(wěn)定性和運行安全性始終未達到最佳�？蛰d合閘時,因為投入時刻的隨機性和鐵磁材料的非線性,往往使變壓器的工作區(qū)處于飽和區(qū),工作點超過膝點,磁化電流迅速增大,稱其為勵磁涌流。勵磁涌流會破壞變壓器的相關保護,使變壓器運行異常,無法正常合閘。較大的勵磁涌流還會對斷路器以及變壓器的繞組造成損害,對電網(wǎng)造成污染,因而抑制變壓器空載合閘時的勵磁涌流顯得尤為重要。本文查閱了這幾年的國內(nèi)外文獻,由產(chǎn)生的機理認識勵磁涌流,由危害闡述抑制勵磁涌流的必要性,在搜集前人工作的基礎上總結勵磁涌流的識別技術和抑制技術。目前勵磁涌流的識別技術應用普遍,易于保護配合,但抑制技術能從基礎上真正消除勵磁涌流。勵磁涌流抑制技術有很多,通過對比可知選相合閘技術抑制效果明顯,比較容易實現(xiàn),選相合閘技術成為本文研究的重點。為分析變壓器空載合閘時的勵磁涌流,認識合閘的動態(tài)過程,本文對變壓器磁通進行推導,并使用MATLAB工具對單相變壓器的勵磁涌流進行模擬。通過觀察電流的波形,歸納其特點和影響參數(shù),為下一步工作做準備。對三相變壓器應用不同策略下的選相合閘技術,并使用MATLAB軟件進行仿真,最終確定了同步合閘策略下的選相合閘技術適用于三相變壓器,分析磁通的變化情況,可以得知三相變壓器選擇剩磁無變化時的相角進行合閘基本上達到消除勵磁涌流目的,具有不錯的效果。對剩磁運用電壓積分法進行估算,并使用MATLAB仿真三相變壓器分閘時刻的截流和暫態(tài)恢復電壓。本文設計了以同步合閘下的選相合閘技術為理論根基,以TMS320F2812為執(zhí)行核心的變壓器空載合閘勵磁涌流抑制系統(tǒng)。抑制系統(tǒng)分為硬件電路和軟件程序兩個方面,硬件電路實現(xiàn)信號的采集和執(zhí)行,軟件程序實現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)的記憶和處理。通過多次實驗,可知勵磁涌流抑制系統(tǒng)能夠實現(xiàn)其抑制功能,將勵磁涌流的最大值降低至額定電流的3倍左右。
[Abstract]:Transformer is the hub connecting the power network with the users. It is indispensable in the power system. It carries the rise and fall of the voltage, and the running state affects the power quality of the system. Although the transformer has been used for a long time and improved continuously, the switching stability and operation safety of the transformer has never been optimal. Because of the randomness of the input time and the nonlinearity of ferromagnetic materials, the working area of the transformer is often in the saturation zone, the working point is above the knee point, and the magnetization current increases rapidly, which is called inrush current. The inrush current of excitation will destroy the protection of transformer, make the transformer abnormal operation and can not close normally. The larger inrush current will also cause damage to the circuit breaker and transformer windings and cause pollution to the power network, so it is very important to restrain the inrush current when the transformer is closed without load. In this paper, the domestic and foreign literatures in recent years are reviewed, the inrush current is recognized by the mechanism of generation, the necessity of restraining inrush current is expounded by harm, and the identification technology and suppression technology of inrush current are summarized on the basis of collecting the previous work. At present, the identification technology of inrush current is widely used, and it is easy to protect and cooperate, but the suppression technology can eliminate the inrush current on the basis of it. There are a lot of inrush current suppression techniques. Through comparison, it can be seen that the suppression effect of phase selection closing technology is obvious, and it is easy to realize. The phase selection and closing technology has become the focus of this paper. In order to analyze the inrush current of the transformer when it is closed without load and to understand the dynamic process of the closing, the magnetic flux of the transformer is deduced in this paper, and the inrush current of the single-phase transformer is simulated by MATLAB tool. By observing the waveform of the current, the characteristics and influence parameters are summarized to prepare for the next work. The phase selection and closing technology under different strategies is applied to the three-phase transformer, and the simulation is carried out with MATLAB software. Finally, the phase selection and closing technology under the synchronous closing strategy is determined to be suitable for the three-phase transformer, and the change of magnetic flux is analyzed. It can be known that the phase angle of the three-phase transformer with no change in remanence can basically eliminate the inrush current and has good effect. The remanent magnetism is estimated by voltage integration method, and the current closure and transient recovery voltage of three-phase transformer are simulated by MATLAB. In this paper, a transformer no-load switching inrush current suppression system is designed, which is based on the technology of phase selection and closing under synchronous closing, and uses TMS320F2812 as the executive core. The suppression system is divided into hardware circuit and software program. The hardware circuit realizes the signal acquisition and execution, and the software program realizes the data memory and processing. Through many experiments, it can be seen that the inrush current suppression system can achieve its suppression function and reduce the maximum value of inrush current to about 3 times of the rated current.
【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM41

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