本文選題：風冷式冰箱 + 氣動噪聲�。� 參考：《昆明理工大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：風罩是風冷式冰箱風冷系統(tǒng)主要組成部分,在風冷式冰箱內部冷熱氣流的交換以及各個艙室之間溫度調節(jié)過程中起著重要的作用,因此一般在設計風罩時往往僅考慮制冷效率與除霜效果,而忽視對其結構進行低噪設計。風罩的主要噪聲有:離心風扇轉動產生的氣動噪聲、流體在風道腔體內部流動而產生的氣動噪聲、風扇轉動引起風罩殼體結構振動的噪聲。因此風罩氣動噪聲的研究對于風罩的整體噪聲研究具有重要意義。近些年,隨著技術與理論的發(fā)展,關于空腔氣動噪聲的研究已經成為空氣動力學科的一個熱點。但目前大部分研究方向主要集中在亞音速或超音速氣流條件下的氣動簡單結構腔噪聲問題,對于一般的工業(yè)應用中,低速氣流與結構復雜的腔體氣動噪聲問題則較少涉及,因此研究低速復雜結構腔體的氣動噪聲對于工業(yè)應用具有很大的意義與價值。本文以風冷式冰箱的冷凝風罩模型為研究對象,采用實驗測試、結構動力學、計算流體動力學與計算氣動聲學仿真分析相結合的研究方法,研究冰箱冷凝風罩內部氣腔氣動噪聲特性。研究內容主要包括:設計了將風冷式冰箱風罩與內部離心風扇分離的氣動噪聲特性測試試驗臺,通過試驗臺進行模態(tài)實驗以及振動噪聲的測量實驗,測試風罩殼體模態(tài)參數(shù)與空腔氣動噪聲特性;采用計算流體動力學CFD與計算氣動聲學方法對風罩氣腔模型進行流體動力學分析與噪聲仿真分析,得到了風罩氣腔的流場分布特征與聲壓頻譜特征;噪聲關鍵頻率成分與仿真結果,較為吻合,然后分析風罩氣腔的氣動噪聲特點以及影響因素,并討論誤差產生的原因。為下一步的風罩的減振降噪與結構優(yōu)化提供理論與實驗支持。通過對風罩氣腔氣動噪聲進行研究分析,得出了冰箱風罩氣腔內部氣動噪聲的組成及影響因素,提出了流體引起復雜腔體氣動噪聲的一種研究方法。
[Abstract]:The air hood is the main part of the air cooling system of the air-cooled refrigerator, which plays an important role in the exchange of the cold and hot airflow inside the air-cooled refrigerator and in the process of adjusting the temperature between the various compartments. Therefore, the cooling efficiency and defrosting effect are usually taken into account in the design of the wind cover, but the low noise design of the structure is neglected. The main noise of the wind cover is the aerodynamic noise caused by the centrifugal fan rotation, the aerodynamic noise caused by the fluid flowing in the air duct cavity, and the noise caused by the wind cover shell structure vibration caused by the fan rotation. Therefore, the study of the aerodynamic noise of the wind cover is of great significance to the study of the overall noise of the wind cover. In recent years, with the development of technology and theory, the research of cavity aerodynamic noise has become a hot topic in aerodynamics. However, at present, most of the research directions are mainly focused on the aerodynamic simple structural cavity noise problem under the condition of subsonic or supersonic flow. For general industrial applications, the aerodynamic noise problem of low speed airflow and complex cavity is less involved. Therefore, the study of aerodynamic noise of low speed complex cavity has great significance and value for industrial application. In this paper, the model of condensing wind cover of air-cooled refrigerator is taken as the research object, and the research method of combining experimental test, structural dynamics, computational fluid dynamics and aerodynamic acoustics simulation analysis is adopted. The aerodynamic noise characteristics of the air chamber inside the condensing hood of the refrigerator are studied. The main contents of the study are as follows: the pneumatic noise characteristic test bench is designed, which separates the air-cooled refrigerator air cover from the inner centrifugal fan, and carries on the modal experiment and the vibration noise measurement experiment through the test bed. The modal parameters of the shell and the aerodynamic noise characteristics of the cavity are tested, and the hydrodynamic analysis and noise simulation of the air-chamber model are carried out by CFD and aerodynamic acoustics. The characteristics of flow field distribution and sound pressure spectrum are obtained, and the key frequency components of noise are in good agreement with the simulation results. Then the aerodynamic noise characteristics of the chamber and the influencing factors are analyzed, and the causes of the errors are discussed. It provides theoretical and experimental support for the next wind cover vibration and noise reduction and structural optimization. Based on the research and analysis of the aerodynamic noise in the air chamber of the air hood, the composition and influencing factors of the aerodynamic noise in the air chamber of the refrigerator are obtained, and a research method for the aerodynamic noise caused by the fluid in the complex chamber is put forward.
【學位授予單位】：昆明理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM925.21

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