本文選題：鈣鈦礦太陽(yáng)能電池 + NiO_x薄膜��； 參考：《南昌大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來(lái),基于有機(jī)-無(wú)機(jī)雜化鈣鈦礦材料(ABX_3,A=Cs~+,CH_3NH_3~+(MA~+),NH=CHNH_3+(FA~+);B=Pb_2~+;X=Cl~-,Br~-,I~-)為光活性層構(gòu)建的鈣鈦礦太陽(yáng)能電池由于集吸光系數(shù)高、缺陷密度低、激子束縛能低、載流子擴(kuò)散距離長(zhǎng),以及成本低、光電轉(zhuǎn)換率高等優(yōu)點(diǎn)于一身,而成為新型光伏技術(shù)研究領(lǐng)域中的一顆“新星”,其中平面反向鈣鈦礦太陽(yáng)能電池因其制備工藝相對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單成為研究熱點(diǎn)。在平面反向鈣鈦礦太陽(yáng)能電池中,空穴傳輸材料對(duì)于器件效率和穩(wěn)定性起著非常重要的作用,氧化鎳(NiO_x)空穴傳輸材料因其化學(xué)穩(wěn)定性好、制備的器件效率高越來(lái)越受到研究人員的關(guān)注。基于NiO_x空穴傳輸材料制備的鈣鈦礦太陽(yáng)能電池具備良好的光電性能,主要原因在于相比于其他材料,Ni O_x的價(jià)帶能級(jí)與鈣鈦礦更為匹配,從而器件開路電壓較高。但是由于NiO_x自身的導(dǎo)電性不強(qiáng),導(dǎo)致電池的短路電流以及填充因子較低,改善其導(dǎo)電性成為提高器件性能的首選方向。目前,摻雜是提高NiO_x導(dǎo)電性行之有效的辦法之一。本文采用金屬元素?fù)诫sNiO_x薄膜,改善其導(dǎo)電性能,在此基礎(chǔ)上,探究摻雜改性對(duì)NiO_x薄膜光學(xué)和電學(xué)性能的影響、討論摻雜改性的NiO_x薄膜對(duì)鈣鈦礦薄膜微觀形貌以及鈣鈦礦太陽(yáng)能性能的影響,具體包括以下兩個(gè)部分:首先,本論文制備了Ag摻雜的NiO_x薄膜(Ag:NiO_x),并以其作為空穴傳輸層,以甲胺鉛碘(MAPbI_3)為活性層,制備出光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率高且環(huán)境穩(wěn)定性好的平面反向鈣鈦礦太陽(yáng)能電池。結(jié)果表明,相比于純NiO_x薄膜,當(dāng)銀摻雜量為2 at%時(shí),能夠有效提高NiO_x薄膜的透光性和空穴遷移率。同時(shí),在2 at%Ag:NiO_x空穴傳輸層上制備的鈣鈦礦薄膜具有更好的結(jié)晶質(zhì)量和更高的覆蓋率,且其薄膜更為光滑,晶粒尺寸大�；�2 at%Ag:NiO_x空穴傳輸層制備的鈣鈦礦太陽(yáng)能電池開路電壓達(dá)到1.07 V,短路電流為19.70 mA/cm2,填充因子為80%,最高電池效率達(dá)到16.86%,而以純NiO_x薄膜為空穴傳輸層制備的電池效率僅為13.46%。此外,相對(duì)于以有機(jī)空穴傳輸層和純NiO_x薄膜空穴傳輸層制備的鈣鈦礦太陽(yáng)能電池而言,基于Ag:NiO_x空穴傳輸層的電池具備較高的環(huán)境穩(wěn)定性。其次,在上述工作的基礎(chǔ)上,本論文進(jìn)一步制備了Li、Ag共摻NiO_x薄膜(Li:Ag:NiO_x),以其為空穴傳輸層,以混合陽(yáng)離子(MA0.9FA0.1PbI_3)有機(jī)-無(wú)機(jī)雜化鈣鈦礦為活性層制備出光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率高且較高環(huán)境穩(wěn)定性的平面反向混合陽(yáng)離子鈣鈦礦太陽(yáng)能電池。結(jié)果表明,相比于Ag:NiO_x薄膜,Li:Ag:NiO_x薄膜具有較高導(dǎo)電性能和透光性。在Li:Ag:NiO_x薄膜上制備的混合陽(yáng)離子MA_(0.9)FA_(0.1)PbI_3鈣鈦礦薄膜均勻連續(xù)無(wú)孔洞,對(duì)光的吸收能力較強(qiáng)。與基于Ag:NiO_x空穴傳輸層制備的混合陽(yáng)離子鈣鈦礦太陽(yáng)能電池相比,基于Li:Ag:NiO_x空穴傳輸層制備的混合陽(yáng)離子鈣鈦礦太陽(yáng)能電池短路電流和填充因子有明顯提高。此外,相對(duì)于以Ag:NiO_x薄膜空穴傳輸層制備的MAPb I3鈣鈦礦太陽(yáng)能電池和基于Ag:NiO_x薄膜空穴傳輸層制備的MA_(0.9)FA_(0.1)PbI_3混合陽(yáng)離子鈣鈦礦太陽(yáng)能電池,基于Li:Ag:NiO_x空穴傳輸層制備的MA_(0.9)FA_(0.1)PbI_3混合陽(yáng)離子鈣鈦礦太陽(yáng)能電池具備更高的環(huán)境穩(wěn)定性。本論文的開展為高效穩(wěn)定平面反向鈣鈦礦太陽(yáng)能電池提供了簡(jiǎn)單而有效的空穴傳輸材料體系。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the perovskite solar cells based on organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite materials (ABX_3, A=Cs~+, CH_3NH_3~+ (MA~+), NH=CHNH_3+ (FA~+), B=Pb_2~+; X=Cl~-, Br~-, I~-) have the advantages of high absorption light coefficient, low defect density, low exciton binding energy, long carrier diffusion distance, low cost and high photoelectric conversion rate. As a new star in the research field of new photovoltaic technology, the planar reverse perovskite solar cell has become a hot research topic because of its relatively simple preparation technology. In the plane reverse perovskite solar cell, hole transmission material plays a very important role in the efficiency and stability of the device, nickel oxide (NiO_x Because of the good chemical stability of the hole transmission material, the higher the efficiency of the device is due to the high efficiency of the device, the perovskite solar cell prepared based on the NiO_x hole transmission material has good photoelectric performance, the main reason is that the valence band of the Ni O_x is more matched with the perovskite than the other materials, thus the device opens. But because of the low electric conductivity of NiO_x, the short circuit current and filling factor of the battery are low. It is the first choice to improve the electrical conductivity of the device. At present, doping is one of the effective ways to improve the electrical conductivity of the NiO_x. This paper uses the metal elements doped NiO_x film to improve its conductivity. The effects of doping modification on the optical and electrical properties of NiO_x films were investigated, and the effects of doped NiO_x films on the micromorphology of Perovskite Thin Films and the performance of perovskite solar energy were discussed. The following two parts were included. First, the Ag doped NiO_x film (Ag:NiO_x) was prepared and used as a hole transport layer. A planar reverse perovskite solar cell with high photoelectric conversion efficiency and good environmental stability is prepared with methylamine lead iodine (MAPbI_3) as the active layer. The results show that compared with pure NiO_x film, when the amount of silver doping is 2 at%, the transmittance and hole migration rate of NiO_x film can be improved effectively. At the same time, it is prepared on the 2 at%Ag:NiO_x cavity transport layer. The perovskite thin film has better crystal quality and higher coverage, and its film is more smooth and the grain size is larger. The open circuit voltage of perovskite solar cell based on 2 at%Ag:NiO_x cavity transmission layer is 1.07 V, short circuit current is 19.70 mA/cm2, filling factor is 80%, the maximum battery efficiency is 16.86%, and the YISHION NiO_x film is The cell efficiency of the hole transmission layer is only 13.46%.. Compared with the perovskite solar cell prepared by the organic hole transport layer and the pure NiO_x film cavity transmission layer, the battery based on the Ag:NiO_x hole transmission layer has high environmental stability. Secondly, on the basis of the above work, the Li, Ag is further prepared in this paper. A planar reverse mixed cationic perovskite solar cell with high photoelectric conversion efficiency and high environmental stability was prepared with a Co doped NiO_x film (Li:Ag:NiO_x) as a cavity transmission layer and mixed cationic (MA0.9FA0.1PbI_3) organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite as active layer. The results showed that the Li:Ag:NiO_x film was compared with the Ag:NiO_x film. The mixed cation MA_ (0.9) FA_ (0.1) PbI_3 Perovskite Thin Film on the Li:Ag:NiO_x film is homogeneous and continuous without holes and has a stronger absorption capacity. Compared with the mixed cationic perovskite solar cell based on the Ag:NiO_x cavity transmission layer, the mixture based on the Li:Ag:NiO_x hole transmission layer is prepared. The short-circuit current and filling factor of Heyang ionic perovskite solar cells are obviously improved. In addition, the MA_ (0.9) FA_ (0.1) PbI_3 mixed cationic perovskite solar cell prepared from the MAPb I3 perovskite solar cell and the hole transmission layer based on the Ag:NiO_x film is prepared from the hole transport layer of the thin film, based on Li:Ag:NiO_x cavitation The MA_ (0.9) FA_ (0.1) PbI_3 mixed cationic perovskite solar cell prepared by the transmission layer has higher environmental stability. This paper provides a simple and effective cavity transmission material system for high efficiency and stable plane reverse perovskite solar cells.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南昌大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM914.4

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