本文選題：永磁同步電機 + 轉矩調節(jié)器�。� 參考：《揚州大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：永磁同步電機比異步電機具有效率高、體積小、損耗低、結構簡單、重量輕等優(yōu)點。近年來隨著電機控制技術、電力電子技術以及稀土永磁材料的發(fā)展,永磁同步電機已經在國防、家用電器、制造業(yè)、工業(yè)等領域得到了廣泛的應用。目前永磁同步電機的控制方法主要有直接轉矩控制和矢量控制,矢量控制方法通過改變電機的電樞電流來控制電機的轉矩,需要創(chuàng)建受控對象的復雜數(shù)學模型,所以該控制方法實現(xiàn)起來較復雜,而直接轉矩控制方法則直接在定子坐標系中計算和控制電機轉矩,克服了矢量控制方法的復雜性。但是,在直接轉矩控制的轉矩調節(jié)器中由于采用正反矢量來增加和減少電機轉矩,易導致電機在穩(wěn)態(tài)運行時電機轉矩和電流的脈動過大,使電機控制系統(tǒng)的運行性能達不到最優(yōu)化,電機運行質量下降,因此需要在電機控制過程中對轉矩脈動進行有效的抑制。為此本論文針對永磁同步電機的轉矩脈動問題,進行了轉矩脈動抑制方法的研究。本文分別利用零矢量控制法和反電動勢形狀函數(shù)控制法來抑制轉矩脈動。零矢量控制法主要通過建立抑制轉矩脈動的數(shù)學模型,將電機轉矩表達式進行離散化,推導出了正矢量、反矢量和零矢量三者之間的轉矩變化關系,根據電機的轉矩給定值和實際轉矩值之間的誤差大小來判斷轉矩控制信號,進而選擇性的調理轉矩。反電動勢形狀函數(shù)控制法主要通過在兩相導通控制的轉矩觀測器中,將傳統(tǒng)的轉子磁鏈控制改成反電動勢控制,建立反電動勢形狀函數(shù)抑制轉矩脈動的數(shù)學模型,將定子三相相反電動勢經過標幺化處理后獲得的三相形狀函數(shù)與永磁同步電機的梯形波反電動勢幅值進行乘積,再將乘積結果代入轉矩方程中,獲取電機轉矩。最后,運用仿真軟件的Simulink建立了零矢量抑制轉矩脈動仿真模型和反電動勢形狀函數(shù)抑制轉矩脈動仿真模型,從其仿真結果分析,零矢量和反電動勢形狀函數(shù)的引入確實有效地抑制了轉矩脈動。為了驗證仿真分析的正確性,對仿真結果進行了實驗驗證,實驗結果和仿真中得到的規(guī)律基本一致,實驗和仿真結果驗證了上述兩種脈動抑制方法的正確性。
[Abstract]:PMSM has the advantages of high efficiency, small volume, low loss, simple structure and light weight. In recent years, with the development of motor control technology, power electronics technology and rare earth permanent magnet materials, PMSM has been widely used in national defense, household appliances, manufacturing, industry and other fields. At present, the control methods of permanent magnet synchronous motor mainly include direct torque control and vector control. The vector control method controls the motor torque by changing the armature current of the motor, so it is necessary to create a complex mathematical model of the controlled object. Therefore, the control method is more complex to realize, while the direct torque control method directly calculates and controls the motor torque in the stator coordinate system, which overcomes the complexity of the vector control method. However, due to the use of positive and negative vectors to increase and reduce the torque of the motor in direct torque control, it is easy to cause excessive ripple of the torque and current of the motor in steady state operation. The performance of motor control system can not be optimized and the running quality of motor is decreased, so it is necessary to restrain torque ripple effectively in the process of motor control. In this paper, the torque ripple suppression method of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is studied. In this paper, zero vector control and back EMF shape function control are used to suppress torque ripple, respectively. By establishing a mathematical model to suppress torque ripple, the expression of motor torque is discretized, and the relationship among positive vector, inverse vector and zero vector is deduced. The torque control signal is judged according to the error between the given torque value and the actual torque value, and then the torque is adjusted selectively. The shape function control method of backEMF is mainly based on changing the traditional rotor flux control into backEMF control in the torque observer of two-phase conduction control, and establishes a mathematical model of the shape function of backEMF to suppress torque ripple. The three-phase shape function obtained by the stator three-phase back-EMF is multiplied with the amplitude of the trapezoidal backEMF of the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), and the result of the product is substituted into the torque equation to obtain the torque of the motor. Finally, the simulation model of zero vector suppression torque ripple and the simulation model of back EMF shape function are established by Simulink, and the simulation results are analyzed. The introduction of zero vector and back EMF shape function can effectively restrain torque ripple. In order to verify the correctness of the simulation analysis, the simulation results are verified by experiments. The experimental results are basically consistent with the laws obtained in the simulation. The experimental and simulation results verify the correctness of the two methods mentioned above.
【學位授予單位】：揚州大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM341

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本文編號：1998649