本文選題：變頻空調(diào)壓縮機 + 內(nèi)埋式永磁同步電動機��； 參考：《東北石油大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：內(nèi)埋式永磁同步電動機因其效率高、調(diào)速性能好等優(yōu)點而被廣泛應用于包括空調(diào)壓縮機控制系統(tǒng)在內(nèi)的諸多工業(yè)領域。傳統(tǒng)的基于異步電動機的空調(diào)系統(tǒng)壓縮機已逐漸被內(nèi)埋式永磁同步電動機取代。由于客觀條件的限制使負責驅(qū)動的內(nèi)埋式永磁同步電動機無法安裝轉子位置傳感器。本文以內(nèi)埋式永磁同步電動機為研究對象,對其矢量控制系統(tǒng)和無位置轉速估計技術展開研究。壓縮機作為變頻空調(diào)的核心,其多輸入多輸出的強耦合、非線性和時滯性致使壓縮機的調(diào)速系統(tǒng)無法依靠簡單的PID控制器甚至單一的智能算法實現(xiàn)有效地實時調(diào)節(jié)。為此,本文對模糊免疫PID控制器進行改進。改進的模糊免疫控制器利用免疫算法對隸屬函數(shù)和控制規(guī)則進行分階段優(yōu)化,降低計算復雜度;同時引入加權因子實現(xiàn)控制器在模糊控制和模糊免疫PID控制之間的控制模式轉換。改進的模糊免疫PID控制器將克服傳統(tǒng)模糊免疫PID只優(yōu)化比例系數(shù)的缺點,實現(xiàn)比例、積分、微分參數(shù)的免疫智能實時并行優(yōu)化。在無位置傳感器技術的研究方面,采用復合觀測器策略,即將分別適用于低速域和中、高速域的脈振高頻電壓注入法和擴展反電動勢模型觀測法結合起來。但是兩種無位置傳感器技術的結合需要考慮到共同作用及不同速域時技術的切換問題。兩種方法各自作用程度的確定多采用線性變化的權重系數(shù),但是該方法在轉速切換點附近的轉速估計誤差較大,權重函數(shù)的線性選取不利于兩種估計方法的結合�；诖私⒍嗄繕藢�(yōu)模型,提出利用遺傳算法實現(xiàn)權重系數(shù)的實時優(yōu)化,最大程度地合理分配兩種無位置傳感器控制技術的作用程度。利用Matlab對內(nèi)埋式永磁同步電動機變頻空調(diào)壓縮機全速域矢量控制系統(tǒng)進行仿真驗證。仿真結果表明改進的模糊免疫PID轉速控制器可有效抑制低速域轉速脈動,并使全速域范圍的轉速穩(wěn)態(tài)精度、動態(tài)響應性能得到改善。同時仿真結果也充分說明遺傳算法優(yōu)化轉子位置復合觀測器的權重系數(shù)使內(nèi)埋式永磁同步電動機運行在轉速過度區(qū)時具有平滑的增速性能,更有效地實現(xiàn)變頻空調(diào)壓縮機全速域的轉速控制。
[Abstract]:Embedded permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is widely used in many industrial fields, including air conditioning compressor control system, because of its high efficiency and good speed regulation performance. The traditional air-conditioning system compressor based on asynchronous motor has been gradually replaced by embedded permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). Due to the limitation of objective conditions, the embedded permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), which is in charge of driving, cannot install rotor position sensor. In this paper, the embedded permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is studied. Compressor as the core of frequency conversion air conditioning, its strong coupling of multi-input and multi-output, nonlinear and time-delay, the compressor speed control system can not rely on simple pid controller or even a single intelligent algorithm to achieve effective real-time regulation. Therefore, the fuzzy immune pid controller is improved in this paper. The improved fuzzy immune controller uses the immune algorithm to optimize the membership function and control rules in stages to reduce the computational complexity. At the same time, the weighted factor is introduced to realize the control mode conversion between fuzzy control and fuzzy immune pid control. The improved fuzzy immune pid controller will overcome the shortcoming of the traditional fuzzy immune pid which only optimizes the proportion coefficient, and realizes the immune intelligent real-time parallel optimization of the proportion, integral and differential parameters. In the research of position-sensorless technology, the hybrid observer strategy is used, that is, the pulse high-frequency voltage injection method and the extended back-EMF model observation method, which are suitable for low-speed and medium-high speed domain, respectively. However, the combination of two sensorless technologies needs to take into account the joint action and the switching problem in different speed range. The weight coefficient of linear variation is often used to determine the degree of action of the two methods, but the error of speed estimation near the rotation speed switching point is large, and the linear selection of weight function is not conducive to the combination of the two methods. Based on this, a multi-objective optimization model is established, and a genetic algorithm is proposed to realize the real-time optimization of the weight coefficients, and to allocate the degree of action of the two sensorless control techniques to the maximum extent. The full speed vector control system of embedded permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) compressor is simulated by Matlab. The simulation results show that the improved fuzzy immune pid speed controller can effectively suppress the speed pulsation in the low speed domain and improve the steady state accuracy and dynamic response performance of the speed in the full speed range. At the same time, the simulation results show that the genetic algorithm optimizes the weight coefficient of the rotor position composite observer, which makes the embedded permanent magnet synchronous motor have a smooth growth performance when it is running in the speed transition zone. The speed control of variable frequency air conditioner compressor in full speed domain is realized more effectively.
【學位授予單位】：東北石油大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM341;TM925.12

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