發(fā)布時間：2018-06-04 22:23

  本文選題：聲發(fā)射 + 風(fēng)電葉片�。� 參考：《蘭州理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：風(fēng)能作為一種清潔的可再生能源,其開發(fā)日益受到人們重視,它將會成為未來人類社會賴以生存所必需的主要能源資源之一,風(fēng)電行業(yè)具有廣闊而美好的開發(fā)前景。然而風(fēng)電葉片的安全保障問題是影響發(fā)電效率的一個重要因素之一,特別風(fēng)電葉片長期在惡劣的自然環(huán)境下運(yùn)行更容易出現(xiàn)事故。葉片一旦出現(xiàn)嚴(yán)重故障,很難做修復(fù)工作,而且大大降低了風(fēng)電機(jī)組的正常工作效率,也會造成巨大的的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。因此,風(fēng)電葉片疲勞試驗(yàn)過程中的結(jié)構(gòu)健康狀態(tài)的監(jiān)測對風(fēng)電機(jī)組的安全運(yùn)行起著非常重要的作用。聲發(fā)射(Acoustic Emission)檢測技術(shù)具有被動式和時效性檢測特點(diǎn),廣泛應(yīng)用于大型構(gòu)件的結(jié)構(gòu)健康監(jiān)測,而風(fēng)電葉片體積龐大且結(jié)構(gòu)形式復(fù)雜,利用聲發(fā)射技術(shù)監(jiān)測風(fēng)電葉片的結(jié)構(gòu)健康狀態(tài)對疲勞試驗(yàn)的進(jìn)行起著非常重要的作用。本文在詳細(xì)了解風(fēng)電葉片常見的質(zhì)量問題和聲發(fā)射技術(shù)在國內(nèi)外發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀的基礎(chǔ)上,基于聲發(fā)射技術(shù)對風(fēng)電葉片疲勞試驗(yàn)進(jìn)行了全程結(jié)構(gòu)健康檢測并對復(fù)合材料的拉伸加載進(jìn)行了聲發(fā)射特性分析。主要研究了風(fēng)電葉片在疲勞損傷的聲發(fā)射特性以及通過聲發(fā)射技術(shù)分析復(fù)合材料損傷演化機(jī)理。該試驗(yàn)的主要內(nèi)容包括聲發(fā)射信號在風(fēng)電葉片復(fù)合材料中的衰減研究,多軸向復(fù)合材料力學(xué)性能的比較分析和有預(yù)斷纖維與無預(yù)斷纖維的聲發(fā)射特性比較分析,以及全尺寸風(fēng)電葉片在疲勞試驗(yàn)過程中的聲發(fā)射應(yīng)用研究。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,聲發(fā)射信號在風(fēng)電葉片傳播過程中橫向比縱向衰減快而大,而在葉片縱向和橫向傳播過程中傳播距離與信號幅度衰減速度關(guān)系一致,即隨著信號在葉片上傳播的距離越大幅度衰減就越快;風(fēng)電葉片復(fù)合材料有預(yù)斷纖維試件的拉伸載荷和拉伸模量均比無預(yù)斷纖維試件的低,有預(yù)斷纖維試件拉伸過程中的聲發(fā)射信號能量主要集中在高頻率段內(nèi),而無預(yù)斷纖維信號能量主要集中在低頻率段內(nèi),含預(yù)斷纖維試件在拉伸過程中的聲發(fā)射信號均表現(xiàn)為突發(fā)型信號;定位圖趨勢分析是一種簡單的空間濾波技術(shù),能夠減少試驗(yàn)環(huán)境的干擾,并且通過能量、RMS等相關(guān)參數(shù)的趨勢分析以及相互驗(yàn)證,能夠很好地得到損傷的起始時間和狀態(tài)。疲勞振動不同階段AE信號在相同頻段內(nèi)的能量比例不同,損傷擴(kuò)展嚴(yán)重,信號在低頻段能量比例越小,高頻段所占能量比例越大,以此可以表征損傷的演化程度。
[Abstract]:As a kind of clean renewable energy, wind energy development has been paid more and more attention. It will become one of the main energy resources necessary for the survival of human society in the future. Wind power industry has a broad and bright development prospects. However, the safety and security of wind turbine blade is one of the important factors that affect the efficiency of power generation, especially the wind turbine blade is more prone to accidents under the adverse natural environment for a long time. Once the blade has serious failure, it is very difficult to do repair work, and greatly reduces the normal working efficiency of wind turbine, and will cause huge economic losses. Therefore, the monitoring of structural health in wind turbine blade fatigue test plays an important role in the safe operation of wind turbine. Acoustic emission (AE) detection technology has been widely used in structural health monitoring of large components with the characteristics of passive and time-dependent detection, while the wind power blade is large in volume and complex in structure form. Using acoustic emission technology to monitor the structural health of wind turbine blades plays an important role in fatigue test. On the basis of detailed understanding of the common quality problems and acoustic emission technology of wind turbine blades at home and abroad, Based on acoustic emission (AE) technology, the fatigue test of wind turbine blade was carried out and the structural health of the composite was measured. The acoustic emission characteristics of composite materials under tensile loading were analyzed. The acoustic emission characteristics of wind turbine blades under fatigue damage and the damage evolution mechanism of composite materials were studied by acoustic emission technique. The main contents of the experiment include the attenuation of acoustic emission signals in wind turbine blade composites, the comparative analysis of mechanical properties of multiaxial composites and the comparative analysis of acoustic emission characteristics between pretreated and non-preconditioned fibers. And the acoustic emission application of full scale wind turbine blade in fatigue test. The experimental results show that the transverse attenuation of acoustic emission signal is faster and greater than that of longitudinal propagation in wind turbine blade, and the relationship between the propagation distance and the amplitude attenuation velocity of the signal is consistent during the longitudinal and transverse propagation of the blade. That is, the larger the distance of signal propagation on the blade, the faster the attenuation, the lower the tensile load and modulus of the wind turbine composite material with prebreak fiber, The acoustic emission (AE) signal energy of the specimen with precut fiber is mainly concentrated in the high frequency range, while the signal energy of the non-precut fiber is mainly concentrated in the low frequency region. The acoustic emission signals of the specimens with prebroken fibers are all sudden signals during the tensile process, and the orientation map trend analysis is a simple spatial filtering technique, which can reduce the interference of the test environment. Through the trend analysis and mutual verification of energy and RMS, the onset time and state of the damage can be obtained well. At different stages of fatigue vibration, the energy ratio of AE signal in the same frequency band is different, and the damage propagation is serious. The smaller the energy ratio of the signal in the low frequency band, the larger the energy ratio in the high frequency band, which can be used to characterize the degree of damage evolution.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM315

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本文編號：1979072