本文選題：多能互補(bǔ)微電網(wǎng) + 虛擬同步發(fā)電機(jī)��； 參考：《合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年博士論文

【摘要】：近年來(lái),分布式能源在電力系統(tǒng)中滲透率不斷增加的同時(shí),也給電力系統(tǒng)的安全穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行帶來(lái)新的影響與挑戰(zhàn)。多能互補(bǔ)微電網(wǎng)作為一種新型的分布式發(fā)電系統(tǒng),能夠?qū)⒍喾N具有互補(bǔ)性的分布式能源集中于同一個(gè)系統(tǒng)中,提高整個(gè)微電網(wǎng)的能源利用率、供電可靠性和運(yùn)行經(jīng)濟(jì)性。然而,基于電力電子逆變接口的分布式能源不具備旋轉(zhuǎn)慣性和阻尼分量,將對(duì)系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行造成不利影響。虛擬同步發(fā)電機(jī)(Virtual Synchronous Generator, VSG)作為一種能夠使分布式逆變電源具有與同步發(fā)電機(jī)相似特性的控制技術(shù),對(duì)于提高電力系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性具有重要的支持作用。針對(duì)VSG在多能互補(bǔ)微電網(wǎng)中的控制及其應(yīng)用問(wèn)題,本文在國(guó)家科技支撐計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(863計(jì)劃)《光伏微電網(wǎng)關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研究和核心設(shè)備研制》(2015AA050607)等國(guó)家項(xiàng)目的支持下,并依托與陽(yáng)光電源股份有限公司開展的產(chǎn)學(xué)研項(xiàng)目《虛擬同步發(fā)電機(jī)關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研究和示范應(yīng)用》,通過(guò)理論研究、實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證和示范應(yīng)用等環(huán)節(jié)系統(tǒng)深入地研究了多能互補(bǔ)微電網(wǎng)的負(fù)載適應(yīng)性、并網(wǎng)適應(yīng)性、頻率穩(wěn)定性以及運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定性的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)問(wèn)題,完成的主要研究工作和成果總結(jié)如下:1 )闡述了多能互補(bǔ)微電網(wǎng)的產(chǎn)生背景、運(yùn)行特征及控制結(jié)構(gòu),并總結(jié)了 VSG的技術(shù)分類、應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域和關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題。在此基礎(chǔ)上,研究了 VSG控制策略,并建立了 VSG的并網(wǎng)和組網(wǎng)小信號(hào)模型,分析了虛擬慣性、虛擬阻尼等主要參數(shù)對(duì)VSG控制穩(wěn)定性的影響。2)針對(duì)多能互補(bǔ)微電網(wǎng)中沖擊性、不平衡、非線性負(fù)載對(duì)電能質(zhì)量影響的問(wèn)題,一方面提出了基于輸出電壓反饋的VSG多環(huán)控制策略,利用微分反饋和前饋解耦的復(fù)合控制,在負(fù)載階躍擾動(dòng)條件下實(shí)現(xiàn)了良好的動(dòng)、靜態(tài)響應(yīng)特性;另一方面提出了基于級(jí)聯(lián)廣義積分器的虛擬阻抗控制策略,在消除輸出電流中的直流分量與諧波分量的同時(shí),有效克服了虛擬阻抗引入所帶來(lái)的諧波放大問(wèn)題;同時(shí)提出了基于諧波虛擬阻抗的電壓諧波抑制策略,通過(guò)VSG的靈活虛擬阻抗控制,實(shí)現(xiàn)了微電網(wǎng)的電壓諧波不控、抑制以及拒絕3種模式的選擇性抑制,并利用PI+多個(gè)諧振電壓調(diào)節(jié)器對(duì)多能互補(bǔ)微電網(wǎng)的輸出電壓不平衡與諧波進(jìn)行抑制。3 )針對(duì)多能互補(bǔ)微電網(wǎng)的頻率穩(wěn)定性問(wèn)題,提出了基于VSG一次調(diào)頻與柴油發(fā)電機(jī)組二次調(diào)頻的頻率分層協(xié)調(diào)控制策略,兼顧了 VSG與柴油發(fā)電機(jī)組的動(dòng)態(tài)性能與調(diào)頻特性;并在分析定參數(shù)VSG動(dòng)態(tài)功角響應(yīng)特性的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了自校正VSG控制策略,利用了 VSG的虛擬慣性與阻尼參數(shù)能夠自校正以及負(fù)虛擬慣性的優(yōu)勢(shì),參與系統(tǒng)調(diào)頻;同時(shí)為了抑制柴油發(fā)電機(jī)組的動(dòng)態(tài)頻率波動(dòng),研究并提出了基于負(fù)載電流微分前饋的VSG頻率穩(wěn)定性控制策略,進(jìn)一步增加系統(tǒng)的阻尼,減小系統(tǒng)頻率的超調(diào)量、幅值偏差及其變化率。4 )針對(duì)多能互補(bǔ)微電網(wǎng)的并網(wǎng)適應(yīng)性問(wèn)題,提出了基于PQ/VSG自適應(yīng)模式切換的控制策略,通過(guò)對(duì)比儲(chǔ)能變流器分別采用動(dòng)態(tài)改變下垂系數(shù)、平移下垂特性曲線以及自適應(yīng)模式切換算法時(shí)的并網(wǎng)功率輸出特性,體現(xiàn)了所提控制策略在提高微電網(wǎng)并網(wǎng)適應(yīng)性方面的優(yōu)越性。另外,針對(duì)多能互補(bǔ)微電網(wǎng)的實(shí)際應(yīng)用,研究了基于VSG的黑啟動(dòng)和運(yùn)行模式的無(wú)縫切換控制策略,并進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證。5)實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證與示范應(yīng)用:一方面搭建了基于VSG的百千瓦級(jí)光儲(chǔ)柴可靠節(jié)能發(fā)電系統(tǒng)、基于VSG的兆瓦級(jí)光儲(chǔ)柴聯(lián)合發(fā)電系統(tǒng)2個(gè)多能互補(bǔ)微電網(wǎng)實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái),對(duì)本文所提VSG相關(guān)控制策略進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證;且相關(guān)研究成果已在西藏措勤縣微網(wǎng)示范電站項(xiàng)目中應(yīng)用,并參加了現(xiàn)場(chǎng)調(diào)試,通過(guò)實(shí)際工程的運(yùn)行考核,驗(yàn)證了本文所提VSG部分關(guān)鍵技術(shù)的正確性與有效性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the permeability of distributed energy is increasing in the power system, and it also brings new influence and challenge to the safe and stable operation of the power system. As a new type of distributed generation system, multi energy complementary microgrid can concentrate a variety of complementary distributed energy on the same system and improve the whole micro power. The energy efficiency of the network, the reliability of the power supply and the operation economy. However, the distributed energy based on the power electronic inverter interface does not have the rotating inertia and damping components, which will have a negative impact on the stable operation of the system. The virtual synchronous generator (Virtual Synchronous Generator, VSG) is a kind of distributed inverter power. The control technology similar to synchronous generator plays an important role in improving the stability of the power system. In view of the control and application of VSG in the multi energy complementary microgrid, this paper is in the national science and technology support program (863 plan) "Research on the key technology of photovoltaic microgrid and the development of core equipment" (2015AA050607). Under the support of the national project, and relying on the key technology research and demonstration application of the virtual synchronous generator, which is carried out with the sunshine power Limited by Share Ltd, the system has studied the load adaptability of the multi energy complementary microgrid through theoretical research, experimental verification and demonstration application, and the adaptability of the network and the frequency stability of the multi energy complementary microgrid. As well as the key technical problems of operation stability, the main research work and achievements are summarized as follows: 1) the background, operation characteristics and control structure of multi energy complementary microgrid are expounded, and the technical classification, application fields and key problems of VSG are summarized. On this basis, the VSG control strategy is studied, and the grid of VSG is established. A small signal model is set up to analyze the influence of the main parameters such as virtual inertia and virtual damping on the stability of VSG control.2). In view of the impact, imbalances, and nonlinear loads on the power quality in the multi energy complementary microgrid, a VSG multi loop control strategy based on output voltage feedback is proposed, and the differential feedback and feedforward solution are used. The coupled compound control realizes good dynamic and static response characteristics under the condition of load step disturbance; on the other hand, a virtual impedance control strategy based on cascaded generalized integrator is proposed, which eliminates the harmonic amplification problem brought by the introduction of virtual impedance, while eliminating the DC component and harmonic component in the output current. The voltage harmonic suppression strategy based on the harmonic virtual impedance is proposed. Through the flexible virtual impedance control of VSG, the voltage harmonic uncontrol of the micro grid is realized, and the selective suppression of the 3 modes is suppressed and rejected, and the output voltage imbalance and the harmonic of the multi energy complementary microgrid are suppressed by the PI+ multiple resonant voltage regulator.3. In view of the frequency stability of multi energy complementary microgrid, a frequency stratified control strategy based on VSG primary frequency modulation and two frequency modulation of diesel generating set is proposed. The dynamic performance and frequency modulation characteristics of VSG and diesel generator set are taken into account, and the self-tuning VSG is proposed on the basis of the analysis of the dynamic reactive power angle response characteristic of the fixed parameter VSG. The control strategy takes advantage of VSG's virtual inertia and damping parameters to self-tuning and negative virtual inertia, and participates in the system FM. At the same time, in order to suppress the dynamic frequency fluctuation of the diesel generator set, a VSG frequency stability control strategy based on the load current differential feedforward is proposed, which can further increase the damping of the system and reduce the damping of the system. The overshoot of the system frequency, amplitude deviation and its change rate.4) proposed a control strategy based on PQ/VSG adaptive mode switching in view of the adaptability of the multi energy complementary microgrid. By comparing the dynamic change droop coefficient, the ptosis characteristic curve and the adaptive mode switching algorithm. The power output characteristic shows the superiority of the proposed control strategy in improving the adaptability of the micro grid connected to the grid. In addition, the seamless handoff control strategy based on the VSG based black start and operation mode is studied for the practical application of the multi energy complementary microgrid, and the experimental verification and demonstration application of the experimental verification.5) are carried out. On the one hand, the base is built. Based on the 2 multi energy complementary microgrid experimental platform of VSG based MW light storage and firewood combined power system, the VSG related control strategy of this paper is verified experimentally, and the related research results have been applied in the project of the micro network demonstration power station in Cuoqin County, Tibet, and have participated in the field debugging. The correctness and effectiveness of some key technologies of VSG are verified through the actual operation evaluation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM727;TM31

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