本文選題：微電網(wǎng) + 故障特性��； 參考：《蘭州交通大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：目前,MG(Micro-Grid,微電網(wǎng))技術(shù)已經(jīng)成為整合分布式新能源發(fā)電的一個有效手段,促進了新能源的開發(fā)和利用,一定程度上緩解了能源壓力。但是,MG供配電系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)有別于傳統(tǒng)的配電網(wǎng),從而可能導致傳統(tǒng)保護方法不再適用于MG系統(tǒng)中。因此對MG的故障特性及保護策略等問題進行研究是保障MG安全、可靠運行的基礎(chǔ),對MG技術(shù)的發(fā)展具有重要的理論研究價值和工程指導意義。論文主要研究內(nèi)容如下:(1)論文在分析MG系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)和運行特點的基礎(chǔ)上,闡述了MG中各類微電源即DG(Distributed Generation,分布式發(fā)電)單元的并網(wǎng)運行方式以及控制方式,重點分析IBDG(Inverter-Based Distributed Generation,逆變型分布式電源)在逆變器不同保護方式下的故障等效模型,在此基礎(chǔ)上利用PSCAD仿真軟件建立了低壓交流MG運行模型,仿真分析了電力系統(tǒng)常見故障發(fā)生時,MG在并/離網(wǎng)不同運行狀態(tài)下的故障輸出特性。(2)在結(jié)合MG故障特性的基礎(chǔ)上對MG保護特性進行了分析,研究了MG故障穿越運行條件下聯(lián)絡線的保護方案,著重分析DG接入位置以及容量的變化對MG保護的影響,同時對比分析MG不同運行方式下故障電流的幅值變化對保護的影響。在此基礎(chǔ)上,研究基于集中式?jīng)Q策結(jié)構(gòu)的通信系統(tǒng)的MG孤島運行保護方案,該方案以IED(Intelligent Electronic Device,智能電子裝備)為保護中心的監(jiān)控以及通信元件,采用改進的基于網(wǎng)基結(jié)構(gòu)的矩陣故障定位與隔離算法實現(xiàn)MG的保護,該算法以過電流信息為啟動條件,以故障電流方向信息為故障判別條件,算例分析表明了該算法不僅能夠解決MG系統(tǒng)中常規(guī)線路故障的定位與隔離問題,同時亦能實現(xiàn)孤島運行的MG中饋線首、末端故障、多重故障以及故障信息缺失等情況下的故障定位與隔離功能。(3)針對MG并/離網(wǎng)同一保護策略的問題進行研究,以基于分布式?jīng)Q策結(jié)構(gòu)的IED通信系統(tǒng)為框架,借鑒縱聯(lián)差動保護的動作原理,通過定義各IED的關(guān)聯(lián)系數(shù)、故障時的方向系數(shù)以及故障判據(jù)實現(xiàn)各IED的快速I段主保護以及后備保護功能,同時,考慮到通信中斷的情況,分析設(shè)計了MG通信中斷下基于線路始端過電流保護的故障隔離策略。算例分析表明了基于分布式?jīng)Q策結(jié)構(gòu)的MG并/離網(wǎng)同一保護策略不僅能夠完成對故障線路以及故障母線的隔離功能,亦能夠解決IED或斷路器拒動情況下的故障隔離問題,同時,算例驗證了通信中斷下MG故障隔離策略的有效性及可靠性。
[Abstract]:At present, MG (Micro-Grid) technology has become an effective means to integrate distributed new energy power generation. It has promoted the development and utilization of new energy, alleviated the energy pressure to some extent. However, the structure of MG power supply and distribution system is different from the traditional distribution network, which may lead to the traditional protection method no longer applicable to the MG system. Therefore, research on the fault characteristics and protection strategy of MG is the basis of ensuring the security and reliable operation of MG. It has important theoretical research value and engineering guiding significance for the development of MG technology. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) on the basis of analyzing the structure and running characteristics of the MG system, the paper expounds the various kinds of micro power sources in MG The parallel operation mode and control mode of DG (Distributed Generation, distributed generation) unit are used to analyze the fault equivalent model of IBDG (Inverter-Based Distributed Generation, inverter type distributed power) under different protection modes of inverters. On this basis, a low voltage AC MG running model is established by using PSCAD simulation software. The fault output characteristics of MG in the parallel / off network running state are simulated and analyzed. (2) the protection characteristics of MG are analyzed on the basis of MG fault characteristics, and the protection scheme of the connection line is studied under the condition of MG fault crossing operation. It emphasizes the analysis of the location of DG access and the change of capacity to MG protection. At the same time, the influence of the amplitude change of the fault current in different operation modes of MG on protection is compared and analyzed. On this basis, the MG island operation protection scheme of the communication system based on centralized decision structure is studied. The scheme uses the IED (Intelligent Electronic Device, intelligent electronic equipment) as the monitoring and communication element of the protection center. An improved matrix fault location and isolation algorithm based on the network based structure is used to protect the MG. The algorithm uses the overcurrent information as the starting condition and the fault current direction information as the fault discrimination condition. The calculation example shows that the algorithm can not only solve the problem of location and isolation of regular line faults in the MG system, but also can be used for the fault location and isolation. To realize the fault location and isolation function of the MG feeder head, terminal fault, multiple fault and lack of fault information. (3) the problem of the same protection strategy for MG and / off network is studied. The IED communication system based on distributed decision structure is taken as frame, and the action principle of longitudinal differential protection is used for reference. The correlation coefficient of each IED, the direction coefficient of the fault and the fault criterion to realize the main protection and backup protection of the fast I segment of each IED. Meanwhile, considering the interruption of the communication, the fault isolation strategy based on the overcurrent protection based on the starting end of the line is analyzed and designed. The example analysis shows that the distributed decision structure is based on the distributed decision structure. The same protection strategy of MG and / off network can not only complete the isolation of fault lines and fault buses, but also solve the problem of fault isolation in the case of IED or circuit breaker rejection. At the same time, the calculation example validates the validity and reliability of the MG fault isolation strategy under the communication interruption.
【學位授予單位】：蘭州交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM727

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