發(fā)布時間：2018-05-27 13:20

  本文選題：串級調(diào)速 + 雙閉環(huán)��； 參考：《西華大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國能源短缺,因此,開發(fā)新型節(jié)能技術(shù)就顯得尤為重要。而風(fēng)機(jī)和水泵在國家重大民生部門應(yīng)用中數(shù)量眾多,分布面廣,耗電量大。如今實際中應(yīng)用較多的是變頻調(diào)速和串級調(diào)速兩種調(diào)速方式。通過對性能分析和價格對比等各方面因素的考慮,決定采用串級調(diào)速的方式。串級調(diào)速的對象主要是繞線式電機(jī),相對于變頻調(diào)速,串級調(diào)速方案的價格優(yōu)勢是在大功率的風(fēng)機(jī)、水泵調(diào)速等領(lǐng)域。串級調(diào)速系統(tǒng)中主要存在著斬波環(huán)節(jié)開關(guān)管IGBT的開關(guān)損耗比較大,同時逆變器往往采用晶閘管組成的三相橋式逆變器,這種逆變器存在諧波比較大,容易發(fā)生逆變顛覆的問題。從而造成了整個調(diào)速系統(tǒng)的功率因數(shù)低,系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性差等問題。論文的主要工作及改進(jìn)總結(jié)如下:(1)深入研究異步電動機(jī)斬波串級調(diào)速系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)行原理,建立斬波串調(diào)系統(tǒng)的數(shù)學(xué)模型,并在此基礎(chǔ)上說明了主回路參數(shù)的設(shè)計方法與原則;(2)針對串級調(diào)速系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性差的問題,本文在串級調(diào)速系統(tǒng)的斬波部分采用雙閉環(huán)的控制方案,并分別按典型(40)系統(tǒng)、典型(40)(40)系統(tǒng)來設(shè)計電流環(huán)、轉(zhuǎn)速環(huán)。(3)針對串級調(diào)速系統(tǒng)斬波環(huán)節(jié)開關(guān)管IGBT的開關(guān)損耗比較大的問題,本文采用了無源無損軟開關(guān)技術(shù),并把它應(yīng)用到串級調(diào)速系統(tǒng)的斬波環(huán)節(jié)中,以此來減小開關(guān)管IGBT的開關(guān)損耗。并對無源無損軟開關(guān)電路中的相關(guān)參數(shù)進(jìn)行了設(shè)計;(4)針對串級調(diào)速系統(tǒng)中的逆變器存在著諧波比較大,容易發(fā)生逆變顛覆,以及系統(tǒng)功率因數(shù)比較低等問題,本文將SVPWM控制算法應(yīng)用到串級調(diào)速系統(tǒng)當(dāng)中的逆變器中以提高系統(tǒng)的功率因數(shù)和減小電壓、電流波形中的諧波成分。并詳細(xì)分析了空間電壓矢量控制(SVPWM)調(diào)制技術(shù)的原理及法則,并歸納出應(yīng)用到三相橋式電壓型有源逆變器當(dāng)中的控制算法;最后利用MATLAB軟件提供的動態(tài)仿真工具SIMULINK建立了基于SVPWM及軟開關(guān)的內(nèi)反饋斬波串級調(diào)速系統(tǒng)的仿真模型,對仿真模型中參數(shù)進(jìn)行設(shè)置并仿真,并對得到的電壓以及電流波形進(jìn)行分析;通過對串級調(diào)速系統(tǒng)的功率因數(shù)以及開關(guān)管的開關(guān)損耗進(jìn)行分析,分析結(jié)果表明:串級調(diào)速系統(tǒng)的功率因數(shù)得到了提高,斬波部分開關(guān)管IGBT的開關(guān)損耗幾乎為零。因此,本文得出結(jié)論,基于SVPWM及軟開關(guān)的內(nèi)饋斬波串級調(diào)速系統(tǒng)能夠達(dá)到提高系統(tǒng)功率因數(shù),降低開關(guān)管損耗的目的。
[Abstract]:Because of the shortage of energy in our country, it is very important to develop new energy saving technology. The fan and water pump are widely used in the national major people's livelihood sector, with a wide distribution and high power consumption. Nowadays, two kinds of speed regulating methods are used in the practice of variable frequency speed regulation and cascade speed regulation. The factors such as performance analysis and price comparison are passed through. As a result, cascade speed regulation is adopted. The main object of cascade speed regulation is winding type motor. Compared with frequency conversion, the price advantage of cascade speed regulation scheme is in the fields of high power fan and pump speed regulation. In cascade speed regulation system, the switching loss of chopper link IGBT is large and the inverter is often used. Three phase bridge inverters composed of thyristor are used in this inverter, which has large harmonic and easy inverting problems. Thus, the power factor of the whole speed control system is low and the stability of the system is poor. The main work and improvement of the paper are summarized as follows: (1) deep study on the chopper cascade speed regulation system of asynchronous motor. The mathematical model of chopper string tuning system is set up, and the design method and principle of the main circuit parameters are explained on this basis. (2) in view of the poor stability of the cascade speed control system, the double closed loop control scheme is adopted in the chopping part of the cascade speed regulation system, and the typical (40) system, the typical (40) (40) system is set up respectively. The current loop and speed loop. (3) in view of the large switching loss of the chopper IGBT in the cascade speed control system, this paper adopts the passive lossless soft switching technology and applies it to the chopper link of the cascade speed control system, in order to reduce the switching loss of the switch tube IGBT and the related parameters in the passive lossless soft switching circuit. The number is designed. (4) for the inverter in cascade speed regulation system, the inverter has a large harmonic, easy inversion and low power factor, and the SVPWM control algorithm is applied to the inverter in cascade speed control system to improve the power factor of the system and reduce the voltage and the harmonic in the current waveform. The principle and rule of the space voltage vector control (SVPWM) modulation technology are analyzed in detail, and the control algorithm used in the three-phase bridge type voltage active inverter is summed up. At last, the imitation of the internal feedback chopper cascade speed control system based on the SVPWM and the soft switch is established by using the dynamic simulation tool SIMULINK provided by the MATLAB software. In the real model, the parameters in the simulation model are set and simulated, and the voltage and current waveform are analyzed. The power factor of the cascade speed regulation system and the switching loss of the switch tube are analyzed. The analysis results show that the power factor of the cascade speed regulation system is improved and the switch loss of the chopped partial switch tube IGBT is lost. The consumption is almost zero. Therefore, this paper draws a conclusion that the internal feed chopper cascade speed regulation system based on SVPWM and soft switch can improve the power factor of the system and reduce the loss of the switch tube.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM921.51

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