本文選題：虛擬同步發(fā)電機(jī) + 并網(wǎng)逆變器　； 參考：《華北電力大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：分布式發(fā)電因具有過程簡單,無噪聲、無污染等眾多優(yōu)點(diǎn)而得到越來越多的關(guān)注,其在電力系統(tǒng)的滲透率也不斷提升。然而,常規(guī)的分布式并網(wǎng)發(fā)電控制較多采用電力電子并網(wǎng)逆變器模式,該模式響應(yīng)速度快,轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)慣量小,且缺乏必要的阻尼作用,使其無法參與電網(wǎng)調(diào)節(jié),不能保證電力系統(tǒng)電壓和頻率的穩(wěn)定。這無疑制約了分布式電源并網(wǎng)發(fā)電的大規(guī)模發(fā)展。針對以上問題,本文提出了一種基于虛擬同步發(fā)電機(jī)(Virtual Synchronous Generator,VSG)思想的并網(wǎng)發(fā)電系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu),研究逆變器與同步發(fā)電機(jī)機(jī)電模型的對應(yīng)關(guān)系,并從調(diào)速調(diào)頻、勵(lì)磁電壓調(diào)節(jié)、轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)慣量來設(shè)計(jì)虛擬同步機(jī)特性的電壓源型變流器的控制策略,使得分布式電源體現(xiàn)出大電網(wǎng)中同步發(fā)電機(jī)類似的特性,自動(dòng)自治的參與調(diào)節(jié)。而后,因虛擬同步發(fā)電機(jī)并網(wǎng)逆變器在同步旋轉(zhuǎn)坐標(biāo)系下dq軸電流分量存在耦合,采用一種基于自抗擾控制技術(shù)的電流解耦控制策略,該方法將dq軸間的電流耦合和電感參數(shù)變化引起的誤差看成是系統(tǒng)的擾動(dòng),通過擴(kuò)張狀態(tài)觀測器將該擾動(dòng)估計(jì)出來,利用自抗擾控制器的前饋補(bǔ)償消除誤差,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)dq軸電流真正意義上的解耦控制。最后,針對虛擬同步發(fā)電機(jī)處于孤島運(yùn)行時(shí),由于其容量低、并網(wǎng)慣性小,使其穩(wěn)定性比大電網(wǎng)差很多,負(fù)荷的變化會(huì)對虛擬同步發(fā)電機(jī)產(chǎn)生較大的影響這一問題,在傳統(tǒng)下垂控制策略的基礎(chǔ)上,引入自抗擾控制技術(shù),設(shè)計(jì)了一種基于自抗擾技術(shù)的虛擬機(jī)無差調(diào)頻控制策略,在PSCAD/EMTDC仿真平臺(tái),通過與傳統(tǒng)PI控制效果進(jìn)行對比,驗(yàn)證了所提控制策略的正確性與有效性。
[Abstract]:Distributed generation has attracted more and more attention because of its simple process, no noise, no pollution and so on. The permeability of distributed generation in power system is also increasing. However, the conventional distributed grid-connected generation control mostly adopts the power electronic grid-connected inverter mode, which has the advantages of fast response speed, small moment of inertia and lack of necessary damping, which makes it unable to participate in the regulation of the power network. Power system voltage and frequency stability can not be guaranteed. This undoubtedly restricts the large-scale development of distributed power generation. In view of the above problems, this paper presents a grid-connected generation system structure based on the idea of virtual Synchronous generator VSGs, studies the corresponding relationship between inverter and electromechanical model of synchronous generator, and adjusts the frequency modulation and excitation voltage. The control strategy of voltage source converter with virtual synchronous machine characteristics is designed by rotating inertia, which makes the distributed power supply reflect the similar characteristics of synchronous generator in large power network, and automatically participate in the regulation. Then, because of the coupling of DC axis current component in synchronous rotating coordinate system, a current decoupling control strategy based on active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) is proposed. In this method, the error caused by the current coupling between dq axes and the variation of inductance parameters is regarded as the disturbance of the system. The disturbance is estimated by an extended state observer, and the error is eliminated by feedforward compensation of the ADRC. Thus the decoupling control of dq axis current is realized in real sense. Finally, when the virtual synchronous generator is running on an isolated island, the stability of the virtual synchronous generator is much worse than that of the large power grid because of its low capacity and low grid inertia. The change of load will have a great impact on the virtual synchronous generator. Based on the traditional droop control strategy, this paper introduces the active disturbance rejection control technology, designs a virtual machine no-difference frequency modulation control strategy based on the auto disturbance rejection technology, and compares it with the traditional Pi control effect on the PSCAD/EMTDC simulation platform. The correctness and effectiveness of the proposed control strategy are verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM61;TM46

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本文編號：1940266