本文選題：變壓器 + 有源噪聲控制��； 參考：《武漢大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國經(jīng)濟的高速發(fā)展,城鎮(zhèn)化的迅速推進,使得原本位于城郊的高電壓等級、大容量的變電站逐漸進入居民區(qū)和城市中心,而且隨著人們對生活質(zhì)量要求的提高,變壓器噪聲污染的問題受到廣泛的社會關(guān)切。所以,治理變壓器的噪聲污染問題有很重要的意義。通過優(yōu)化變壓器的制作工藝來降低其輻射的噪聲,不僅需要巨額投入,而且許多關(guān)鍵技術(shù)問題尚未解決。而被動噪聲控制技術(shù),如隔音、吸聲和消聲等,對于以低頻為主的變壓器噪聲控制效果不明顯。所以,研究變壓器的有源噪聲控制(Active Noise Control,ANC)技術(shù)有實際應(yīng)用價值。論文研究了沖擊性干擾和次級聲反饋對變壓器ANC系統(tǒng)的影響,并從算法和系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)上做了相應(yīng)的改進,進一步提高系統(tǒng)的抗干擾能力,為其實用化做鋪墊。聲傳感器拾取的沖擊性干擾信號對ANC系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性影響很大。論文詳細的分析參考信號和誤差信號中的沖擊性干擾對ANC系統(tǒng)控制器的影響,即當(dāng)采用經(jīng)典的濾波最小均方算法對控制器自適應(yīng)更新時,控制器易受沖擊性干擾的影響而劇烈震蕩甚至是發(fā)散。在總結(jié)分析已有改進算法的基礎(chǔ)上,論文提出歸一化語音壓縮μ函數(shù)變換的最小均方(Normalized Filtered-xμ Law Mean square,NFxμLMS)算法。該算法采用語音壓縮μ函數(shù)變換后的誤差信號的均方作為目標(biāo)函數(shù),并對參考信號做歸一化處理以提高算法的魯棒性。NFxμLMS算法可以根據(jù)不同變電站的噪聲水平選擇不同的壓縮系數(shù)以提高算法的實用性。最后,四組對比仿真實驗說明NFxμLMS算法的收斂性和魯棒性。參考聲傳感器拾取到次級聲源輻射的次級噪聲,影響了參考信號的質(zhì)量,進而影響了 ANC系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性。為了從根本上避免次級聲反饋問題,論文研究了內(nèi)部參考信號方法應(yīng)用到變壓器有源噪聲控制中的可行性。首先,對比研究了基于內(nèi)部參考信號方法的并聯(lián)型和直接型多頻率ANC系統(tǒng)的系統(tǒng)特性,采用并聯(lián)型結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)建變壓器有源噪聲控制系統(tǒng)。然后,分析了內(nèi)部合成參考信號的變壓器有源噪聲控制系統(tǒng)的降噪量與迭代步長和頻率偏差的關(guān)系。分析得出,系統(tǒng)降噪量隨著頻率偏差的增大而降低,而當(dāng)變壓器噪聲與內(nèi)部給定參考信號的頻率偏差較小時,可以通過選擇較大的迭代步長來保持系統(tǒng)降噪量的結(jié)論。最后,幾組仿真算例驗證了內(nèi)部給定參考信號的方法應(yīng)用到變壓器噪聲控制的可行性。在并聯(lián)型多頻率ANC系統(tǒng)中,各子系統(tǒng)均采用誤差聲傳感器采集的系統(tǒng)誤差信號更新,導(dǎo)致各子系統(tǒng)的收斂特性和降噪量較差。論文首先分析了其他子系統(tǒng)殘余誤差信號和背景噪聲對子系統(tǒng)收斂特性的影響。然后,論文構(gòu)造了完全并聯(lián)型多頻率變壓器ANC系統(tǒng)。新系統(tǒng)采用限制零極點方法設(shè)計出一組窄帶濾波器,對誤差信號做分頻處理,以便將誤差信號中各頻率分量輸入到相應(yīng)地子系統(tǒng)中,以實現(xiàn)完整意義上各子系統(tǒng)的并聯(lián)運行,使得各子系統(tǒng)控制器的自適應(yīng)更新過程互不影響。最后,仿真算例對比了改進前后系統(tǒng)的收斂速度和收斂精度,驗證了新系統(tǒng)的實用性。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's economy and the rapid development of urbanization, the large capacity substation has gradually entered the residential area and the city center, which is originally located in the suburb of the city. And with the improvement of people's quality of life, the problem of noise pollution of transformer is widely concerned. Therefore, the noise of transformer is harnessing. The problem of pollution is of great significance. By optimizing the production process of the transformer to reduce the noise of its radiation, it not only needs a huge amount of input, but many key technical problems have not been solved. But the passive noise control technology, such as sound insulation, sound absorption and noise elimination, is not obvious to the noise control effect of the low-frequency transformer. The Active Noise Control (ANC) technology has practical application value. The impact of impact interference and secondary acoustic feedback on the transformer ANC system is studied in this paper, and the corresponding improvement is made from the algorithm and system structure to further improve the anti interference ability of the system and to pave the way for its utility. The impact interference signal has great influence on the stability of the ANC system. In this paper, the impact of the impact interference on the ANC system controller is analyzed in detail, that is, when the classical least mean square algorithm is used to update the controller adaptively, the controller is easily affected by the impact of the impact disturbance and even shocks the controller. On the basis of summarizing and analyzing the existing improved algorithms, the paper proposes the least mean square (Normalized Filtered-x Law Mean square, NFx LMS) algorithm for the normalized speech compression muon transform. The algorithm uses the mean square of the error signal of the speech compression muon function as the target function, and the normalization of the reference signal is done. In order to improve the robustness of the algorithm,.NFx mu LMS algorithm can select different compression coefficients according to the noise level of different substations. Finally, four groups of comparison simulation experiments show the convergence and robustness of the NFx mu LMS algorithm. The reference sound sensor picked up secondary noise from the secondary sound source and affected the reference signal. In order to avoid the secondary acoustic feedback, the feasibility of applying the internal reference signal to the active noise control of the transformer is studied in this paper. First, the system characteristics of the parallel and direct multi frequency ANC system based on the internal reference signal method are compared and studied. The active noise control system of the transformer is constructed with parallel structure. Then, the relationship between the noise reduction of the active noise control system of the transformer with internal synthesis reference signal and the iteration step and the frequency deviation is analyzed. The analysis shows that the noise reduction of the system decreases with the increase of frequency deviation, while the transformer noise and the internal reference signal are given. When the frequency deviation is small, the noise reduction of the system can be maintained by selecting the larger iteration step. Finally, several simulation examples verify the feasibility of applying the internal given reference signal to the transformer noise control. In the parallel multi frequency ANC system, the system errors collected by the error acoustic sensors are all mistaken. This paper first analyzes the influence of the residual error signals and the background noise on the convergence of the subsystems. Then, the paper constructs a fully parallel multi frequency transformer ANC system. The new system designs a group of narrow band filters using the restricted zero pole method. In order to realize the parallel operation of each subsystem in a complete sense, the adaptive updating process of each subsystem controller does not affect each other. Finally, the simulation example is compared to the convergence speed and convergence accuracy of the system before and after the improvement. The practicability of the new system is verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM41

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本文編號：1938995