本文選題：非線性硅橡膠 + 熱老化�。� 參考：《哈爾濱理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：高壓直流輸電具有輸送容量大,輸送距離遠(yuǎn),線路走廊窄,能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)電網(wǎng)異步互聯(lián),運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定性好,有功損耗小,可控性好等優(yōu)勢(shì),廣泛應(yīng)用于大容量、遠(yuǎn)距離輸電線路及異步交流系統(tǒng)互聯(lián)等場(chǎng)合。隨著高壓直流輸電技術(shù)在電網(wǎng)中應(yīng)用地位的不斷提升,電纜附件(終端及接頭)作為高壓直流輸電系統(tǒng)中的主要配套設(shè)備也被大量使用,但是由于電纜附件中的電場(chǎng)分布不均勻,極其容易發(fā)生電場(chǎng)畸變,與電纜本體相比,其發(fā)生故障的概率高得多,因此電纜終端及接頭是高壓電纜應(yīng)用的薄弱環(huán)節(jié),電纜終端及接頭的性能好壞將直接關(guān)系到高壓直流電纜能否安全運(yùn)行。硅橡膠材料因其具有優(yōu)良的絕緣特性、較好的力學(xué)性能、工作溫度區(qū)間大、易于加工成型等特點(diǎn),近年來被大量應(yīng)用于高壓電纜附件中。非線性硅橡膠基復(fù)合材料更是解決了電纜附件中電場(chǎng)畸變的問題,但是在其運(yùn)行的過程中,不可避免會(huì)受到熱、電、氧等因素的影響而發(fā)生老化,降低高壓直流電纜附件的使用壽命。如果不能及時(shí)判定高壓直流電纜附件材料的老化程度,極易引起附件絕緣的擊穿,進(jìn)而降低高壓直流電纜運(yùn)行的穩(wěn)定性,危及整個(gè)電力系統(tǒng)的安全可靠供電。因而,研究非線性硅橡膠的熱老化特性并分析其熱老化機(jī)理,不僅具有十分重要的工程意義,同時(shí)也具有重要的經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)價(jià)值。本論文以應(yīng)用于高壓直流電纜附件增強(qiáng)絕緣材料中的非線性硅橡膠為研究對(duì)象,選取了130℃、150℃、170℃三個(gè)熱老化溫度對(duì)非線性硅橡膠試樣進(jìn)行加速熱老化實(shí)驗(yàn),對(duì)經(jīng)歷不同熱老化時(shí)間的非線性硅橡膠試樣進(jìn)行電導(dǎo)率、直流擊穿強(qiáng)度、空間電荷、介電常數(shù)和損耗因數(shù)、表面形貌、溶脹指數(shù)、TGA熱重分析、拉伸、熱延伸等測(cè)試,研究了熱老化對(duì)非線性硅橡膠電性能、理化性能、力學(xué)性能的影響。研究結(jié)果表明,在熱老化的過程中,分子的再交聯(lián)反應(yīng)以及熱降解反應(yīng)同時(shí)存在于非線性硅橡膠材料中,熱老化初期階段,分子的再交聯(lián)反應(yīng)占主導(dǎo)地位,非線性硅橡膠材料的電導(dǎo)特性、空間電荷分布、表面形貌、交聯(lián)度、力學(xué)性能等都未發(fā)生劣化;隨著老化時(shí)間的延長,熱降解反應(yīng)逐漸起主導(dǎo)作用,熱老化對(duì)其電性能、理化性能、力學(xué)性能產(chǎn)生了明顯的破壞作用。
[Abstract]:High voltage direct current transmission (HVDC) has the advantages of large capacity, long distance, narrow corridor, asynchronous interconnection, good stability, low active power loss, good controllability and so on. It is widely used in large capacity. Long-distance transmission lines and asynchronous AC system interconnection and other occasions. With the increasing application of HVDC technology in the power network, cable accessories (terminals and connectors), as the main supporting equipment of HVDC transmission system, are also widely used. However, because the electric field distribution in the cable accessory is not uniform and the electric field distortion is very easy to occur, compared with the cable body, the probability of its failure is much higher, so the cable terminal and the connector are the weak links in the application of the high-voltage cable. The performance of cable terminals and connectors will be directly related to the safe operation of HVDC cables. Silicone rubber has been widely used in high-voltage cable accessories in recent years because of its excellent insulation properties, good mechanical properties, large working temperature range and easy processing. Nonlinear silicone rubber matrix composites solve the problem of electric field distortion in cable accessories, but in the process of its operation, it will inevitably be affected by heat, electricity, oxygen and other factors and aging. Reduce the service life of HVDC cable accessories. If the aging degree of the accessory material of HVDC cable can not be judged in time, it is easy to cause breakdown of the accessory insulation, which will reduce the stability of HVDC cable operation and endanger the safety and reliable power supply of the whole power system. Therefore, studying the thermal aging characteristics of nonlinear silicone rubber and analyzing its thermal aging mechanism not only have very important engineering significance, but also have important economic and social value. In this paper, the nonlinear silicone rubber used in the insulation material of HVDC cable accessories is studied. Three thermal aging temperatures, 130 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1909076