本文選題：電力系統(tǒng) + 供需側　； 參考：《華北電力大學(北京)》2017年博士論文

【摘要】：隨著中國經(jīng)濟進入新常態(tài),電力需求放緩,電力增長的空間遠低于預期,特別是煤電利用小時數(shù)逐年下降。同時,電網(wǎng)調峰能耗與國際先進水平差距較大,當前中國電力系統(tǒng)調峰能耗高,電網(wǎng)調峰的職能與結構依然較為單一,主要是由煤電機組低負荷調峰�？稍偕茉床⒕W(wǎng)參與調峰比例較低,調峰能效亟待提高。本文根據(jù)《關于進一步深化電力體制改革的若干意見》、“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+”智慧能源建設中的相關要求,系統(tǒng)地分析了供需側調峰方式對電力系統(tǒng)能效影響的關鍵因素,以及實現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)能效提升的途徑和方法。實現(xiàn)多類型能源互補優(yōu)化,使得系統(tǒng)最大限度地開發(fā)利用可再生能源與清潔能源、最大幅度地提高系統(tǒng)調峰能效,取得了一些有理論意義和工程實用價值的研究成果。本文主要研究內容和所取得的研究成果如下:(1)煤電兩班制與抽水蓄能聯(lián)合調峰方式優(yōu)化。煤電機組低負荷調峰期間,脫硝系統(tǒng)通常無法正常投用,已成為區(qū)域電網(wǎng)綠色調度急需解決的問題。為此,本文在定性分析抽水蓄能與煤電機組調峰方式對脫硝能效影響的基礎上,建立了基于煤電兩班制與抽水蓄能聯(lián)合調峰的區(qū)域系統(tǒng)調峰優(yōu)化模型,以及考慮污染物處理和排放成本的抽水蓄能與煤電機組聯(lián)合調峰優(yōu)化模型。與優(yōu)化前系統(tǒng)調峰方式相比,優(yōu)化后采用抽水蓄能與煤電機組兩班制聯(lián)合調峰方式,一個日調峰周期內,脫硝、脫硫、煙塵處理成本、碳排放成本和發(fā)電總成本均有所降低,因脫硝系統(tǒng)能耗受低負荷調峰運行參數(shù)影響更大,故對其成本影響更加明顯。文中建立的考慮污染物處理和排放成本的抽水蓄能與火電機組聯(lián)合調峰優(yōu)化模型,提高了區(qū)域電網(wǎng)調峰經(jīng)濟性和環(huán)境效益,證明了模型及方法的合理性和實用性,以及區(qū)域系統(tǒng)調峰機組污染物超低排放的可達性。(2)煤電兩班制、抽水蓄能與風-光-水電聯(lián)合調峰節(jié)能潛力分析。本文設定在同樣滿足系統(tǒng)供電可靠性前提下,根據(jù)水電機組的運行特性、風電、光伏發(fā)電的運行特性,分析了其與煤電機組聯(lián)合調峰運行的減排機理與計算方法。在可再生能源發(fā)電機組、供熱機組供熱期發(fā)電優(yōu)先權確定的基礎上,基于電量置換分析了各區(qū)域系統(tǒng)節(jié)能減排潛力。此外,煤電發(fā)電與可再生能源發(fā)電(水電、風電、光伏發(fā)電)協(xié)同運行,需要充分考慮清潔能源的替代效益、煤電機組的負荷均衡效益及調峰優(yōu)化收益,以及發(fā)電機組空間及時間分布等影響,應充分發(fā)揮煤電發(fā)電機組的支撐作用。(3)供需側調峰對系統(tǒng)調峰能效影響定量分析。設定在同樣滿足系統(tǒng)供電可靠性前提下,基于供需側調峰優(yōu)化對系統(tǒng)能效影響,以及系統(tǒng)吸納可再生能源發(fā)電的潛力進行分析研究,以某區(qū)域電力系統(tǒng)為例進行實例仿真,論證了供應側通過煤電機組兩班制調峰進行優(yōu)化,可很大程度的提升煤電機組運行負荷率與系統(tǒng)能效。系統(tǒng)在煤電機組采用兩班制調峰運行模式的基礎上,增加水電機組參與調峰,則會進一步增加系統(tǒng)運行的靈活性,以及系統(tǒng)吸納可再生能源發(fā)電的潛力,從而不斷提升系統(tǒng)能效。上述煤電機組與水電機組聯(lián)合優(yōu)化調峰,在確保風電、光伏發(fā)電優(yōu)先入網(wǎng)情況下,幾乎不用額外投入成本,只需改變調峰模式。(4)供需側調峰能效評價方法設計。文中設定在同樣滿足系統(tǒng)供電可靠性前提下,建立基于熵權屬性識別的調峰能效評價體系。采用系統(tǒng)煤耗、煤電機組煤耗、可再生能源并網(wǎng)系數(shù)、棄風率和電網(wǎng)負荷率作為系統(tǒng)調峰方案的五大能效評價指標,將屬性識別模型和信息論中的信息熵理論結合起來,建立調峰方案的屬性空間并進行有序分割,然后利用熵權法確定屬性的客觀權重區(qū)間,采用加權和的方式計算調峰方案的屬性測度;最后,按照置信度準則,確定該調峰方案的優(yōu)劣。保證了評價結果的客觀性和準確性。以北方某區(qū)域電網(wǎng)為例,選取某典型日為評價對象,應用基于熵權屬性識別的調峰能效評價體系對其進行了評價。論證了基于熵權和屬性識別模型的調峰綜合評價方法在系統(tǒng)調峰決策中是行之有效的。該評價方法能客觀地評估各調峰方案的優(yōu)劣程度,并且使所研究的問題定量化,表明了評價方法的可行性和實用性。(5)嘗試性地提出了提高系統(tǒng)供需側調峰能效的對策建議。在系統(tǒng)能效評價分析的基礎上,從供應側各電源互補運行、供應側與需求側協(xié)同運行、以及調峰方式與備用容量等輔助服務方面,綜合優(yōu)化分析電源結構問題與負荷結構問題。從系統(tǒng)調峰優(yōu)化運行、系統(tǒng)能效評價與政府監(jiān)管的角度,分析并提出相關對策建議。在同樣滿足系統(tǒng)供電可靠性前提下,本文提出的供需側調峰方式對系統(tǒng)能效的影響分析,為當前區(qū)域電力系統(tǒng)調峰實現(xiàn)節(jié)能減排目標,提供有價值的參考方案,同時也為相關對策的出臺提供理論指導,不僅具有學術價值,而且對改進電力系統(tǒng)調峰方式,促進電力工業(yè)與低碳社會和諧發(fā)展具有實踐價值。
[Abstract]:With the Chinese economy entering a new normal state, the power demand is slowing down, the space for electric power growth is far lower than expected, especially the number of coal and electricity utilization hours is declining year by year. At the same time, the gap between peak power consumption and the international advanced level is large, the current power system peak regulation energy consumption is high, the function and structure of the power grid peak adjustment is still relatively single, mainly from coal electricity. The unit of low load operation. Renewable energy grid in peak load is relatively low, peak energy efficiency needs to be improved. According to the "on the further deepening of power system reform a number of opinions", "the relevant requirements of the wisdom of the energy construction of Internet plus", systematically analyzes the key factors affecting the supply and demand side load on power system efficiency, As well as the ways and methods to improve the energy efficiency of the system. To realize the complementary optimization of multiple types of energy, make the system develop and utilize the renewable energy and clean energy to the maximum extent, and maximize the energy efficiency of the system peak regulation, and have obtained some research results with theoretical significance and practical value of engineering. The research results are as follows: (1) the combination of coal electricity two shift system and pumped storage peak adjustment mode is optimized. During the low load peak load regulation of coal and electricity units, the denitrification system can not normally be put into use normally. It has become an urgent problem for the green dispatching of the regional power grid. On the basis of this, the optimization model of regional system peak adjustment based on combined coal and electricity two shift and pumped storage peak is set up, and the optimization model of joint peak adjustment of pumped storage and coal and electricity generating set considering the treatment of pollutants and the cost of discharge is considered. The cost of denitrification, desulfurization and soot treatment, the cost of carbon emission and the total cost of power generation are reduced in a daily peak cycle, because the energy consumption of the denitrification system is more affected by the operating parameters of low load peak regulation, so the impact on its cost is more obvious. The peak optimization model has improved the economic and environmental benefits of regional grid peak adjustment, and proved the rationality and practicability of the model and method, as well as the accessibility of the ultra low emission of pollutants in the regional system peak shaving unit. (2) the two class system of coal and electricity, the energy saving potential of the combined peak of pumped storage and wind light hydro power. This paper is set up to satisfy the power supply of the system as well. On the premise of reliability, based on the running characteristics of hydropower units, wind power and photovoltaic power generation, the emission reduction mechanism and calculation method of joint peak operation with coal and electric units are analyzed. On the basis of the determination of the power generation priority of the renewable energy generating set and the heating unit during the heating period, the energy conservation of each regional system is analyzed based on the replacement of electricity. In addition, the cooperative operation of coal-fired power generation and renewable energy generation (hydropower, wind power, photovoltaic power generation) needs to take full consideration of the alternative benefits of clean energy, the load balance benefit of coal and electricity generating set and the optimal return of peak regulation, and the space and time distribution of the generator set should give full play to the supporting role of coal and electricity generating set. (3) The quantitative analysis of the influence of peak peak regulation on the peak energy efficiency of the system is set up on the basis of the same system power supply reliability, based on the effect of peak regulation on the system energy efficiency on the supply and demand side, and the potential of the system to absorb renewable energy. On the basis of the two shift peak running mode of coal and electricity generating set, the system will increase the flexibility of the system operation and the potential of the system to absorb the renewable energy. In order to improve the energy efficiency of the system, the combined optimization and peak regulation of the coal generating set and the hydro generator set, under the condition of ensuring wind power and photovoltaic generation priority, only need to change the mode of peak regulation. (4) the design of the energy efficiency evaluation method of the supply and demand side peak regulation. The system of peak energy efficiency evaluation of entropy weight property identification is five energy efficiency evaluation indexes of system coal consumption, coal power unit coal consumption, renewable energy grid connection coefficient, discarding wind rate and power grid load rate as the system peak regulation scheme, combining the attribute recognition model with information entropy theory in information theory to establish the attribute space of peak adjustment scheme. The objective weight interval of the attribute is determined by entropy weight method, and the attribute measure of the peak adjustment scheme is calculated by the weighted sum method. Finally, according to the confidence criterion, the advantages and disadvantages of the peak adjustment scheme are determined. This evaluation method based on entropy weight and attribute recognition model is effective in the system peak adjustment decision. The evaluation method can objectively evaluate the degree of the advantages and disadvantages of each peak adjustment scheme and make the research problem quantified. The feasibility and practicability of the evaluation method are explained. (5) the countermeasures and suggestions are put forward to improve the peak energy efficiency of the supply and demand side of the system. On the basis of the system energy efficiency evaluation and analysis, the comprehensive optimization analysis is made from the complementary operation of the supply side, the coordinated operation of the supply side and the demand side, the mode of peak adjustment and the reserve capacity. Power structure problem and load structure problem. From the angle of system peak adjustment and optimization, system energy efficiency evaluation and government supervision, this paper analyzes and puts forward relevant countermeasures and suggestions. Under the same premise of satisfying the system power supply reliability, this paper presents the analysis of the system energy efficiency in the supply and demand side peak regulation mode, which is realized for the current regional power system peak adjustment. The goal of energy saving and emission reduction provides a valuable reference scheme and provides theoretical guidance for the introduction of relevant countermeasures, which not only has academic value, but also has practical value for improving the mode of power system peak regulation and promoting the harmonious development of power industry and low carbon society.
【學位授予單位】：華北電力大學(北京)
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM73

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前10條

1 張宏偉;趙軍;;抽水蓄能-火電調峰優(yōu)化對污染物處理成本影響分析[J];中國電力;2017年03期

2 張宏偉;趙軍;;抽水蓄能與燃煤機組聯(lián)合調峰優(yōu)化對脫硝成本影響[J];熱力發(fā)電;2016年09期

3 吳軒;;加強閉環(huán)管理 推進優(yōu)質服務[J];中國電力企業(yè)管理;2016年16期

4 武春錦;呂武華;梅毅;俞寶根;;濕法煙氣脫硫技術及運行經(jīng)濟性分析[J];化工進展;2015年12期

5 鄧拓宇;田亮;劉吉臻;;利用熱網(wǎng)儲能提高供熱機組調頻調峰能力的控制方法[J];中國電機工程學報;2015年14期

6 靖長財;;機組低負荷SCR脫硝效率影響分析及對策[J];神華科技;2015年03期

7 胡敏;;《煤電節(jié)能減排升級與改造行動計劃(2014—2020年)》發(fā)布實施[J];煉油技術與工程;2015年01期

8 張寧;康重慶;肖晉宇;李暉;王智冬;史銳;王帥;;風電容量可信度研究綜述與展望[J];中國電機工程學報;2015年01期

9 閆華光;陳宋宋;鐘鳴;蔣利民;;電力需求側能效管理與需求響應系統(tǒng)的研究與設計[J];電網(wǎng)技術;2015年01期

10 惠潤堂;韋飛;王寶德;楊愛勇;;SCR法煙氣脫硝后空氣預熱器堵塞及應對措施[J];中國電力;2014年10期

相關博士學位論文 前3條

1 藍瀾;新能源發(fā)電特性與經(jīng)濟性分析研究[D];華北電力大學;2014年

2 劉文毅;壓縮空氣蓄能（CAES）電站熱力性能仿真分析[D];華北電力大學（北京）;2008年

3 董密;太陽能光伏并網(wǎng)發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)化設計與控制策略研究[D];中南大學;2007年

相關碩士學位論文 前5條

1 李娜娜;基于循環(huán)經(jīng)濟的火電企業(yè)節(jié)能減排績效綜合評價研究[D];華北電力大學;2014年

2 高英;計及相關性的光伏電站容量可信度評估[D];重慶大學;2013年

3 劉媛;含分布式電源的優(yōu)化調度[D];湖南大學;2013年

4 封圓;廣域源荷互動調峰模式研究[D];華北電力大學;2013年

5 白峪豪;含分布式電源的微電網(wǎng)經(jīng)濟調度模型研究[D];浙江大學;2012年

，

本文編號：1908093