發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-12 01:22

  本文選題：鈣鈦礦太陽(yáng)電池 + 平面異質(zhì)結(jié)�。� 參考：《華北電力大學(xué)(北京)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：鈣鈦礦太陽(yáng)電池因具有較高的光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率、簡(jiǎn)單的制備流程、原材料廉價(jià)等優(yōu)勢(shì),在相關(guān)領(lǐng)域的學(xué)術(shù)圈引起了研究熱潮。鈣鈦礦層位于電子傳輸層和空穴傳輸層之間,形成三明治結(jié)構(gòu),電子和空穴分別在鈣鈦礦與兩個(gè)傳輸層的接觸界面進(jìn)行傳輸。FTO上使用空穴傳輸材料PEDOT:PSS作為空穴傳輸層可得到高的功函數(shù),使空穴的傳輸效率得到提升。但PEDOT:PSS自身也存在缺點(diǎn),例如PEDOT:PSS的功函數(shù)與常用的鈣鈦礦材料CH3NH3PbI3的HOMO能級(jí)存在著0.3 eV左右的差距,因此會(huì)造成一定能量的流失。另外PEDOT:PSS有較強(qiáng)的酸性和吸濕性,會(huì)對(duì)器件的長(zhǎng)期穩(wěn)定性造成負(fù)面的影響。本文的相關(guān)研究工作主要通過(guò)使用添加劑或者額外的空穴傳輸材料來(lái)優(yōu)化PEDOT:PSS作為空穴傳輸層的性能,以使平面異質(zhì)結(jié)鈣鈦礦太陽(yáng)電池的性能得到優(yōu)化。具體研究如下:1、在反向結(jié)構(gòu)p-i-n型的平面異質(zhì)結(jié)鈣鈦礦太陽(yáng)電池中,將自身具有高的功函數(shù)的金屬氧化物氧化鎢(WOx)插入到PEDOT:PSS和FTO之間,形成WOx/PEDOT:PSS復(fù)合空穴傳輸層,這樣既可以防止FTO與PEDOT:PSS直接產(chǎn)生接觸,以解決腐蝕基底和吸濕性對(duì)鈣鈦礦層產(chǎn)生影響的問(wèn)題,又能一定程度上減小薄膜接觸界面的勢(shì)壘,使器件的性能得到優(yōu)化。本項(xiàng)工作研究了額外加入WOx作為空穴傳輸層對(duì)薄膜的透光率、鈣鈦礦層的表面形貌、鈣鈦礦晶體質(zhì)量、光電性能及長(zhǎng)期穩(wěn)定性等相關(guān)方面的作用。使用WOx/PEDOT:PSS作為復(fù)合空穴傳輸層的平面異質(zhì)結(jié)鈣鈦礦電池的光電效率可以達(dá)到12.96%,而PEDOT:PSS的器件效率為10.56%,相比較而言提升了22.7%,并且還提高了器件的長(zhǎng)期穩(wěn)定性。2、將全氟磺酸聚四氟乙烯(Nafion)摻入PEDOT:PSS改善空穴傳輸層的性能使鈣鈦礦太陽(yáng)電池的性能得到優(yōu)化。Nafion是由全氟化磺酸酯構(gòu)成的一種優(yōu)良的陽(yáng)離子交換劑,具有優(yōu)良的熱穩(wěn)定性和機(jī)械穩(wěn)定性。FTO上使用空穴傳輸材料PEDOT:PSS作為空穴傳輸層可得到高的功函數(shù),通過(guò)對(duì)PEDOT:PSS和Nafion共混,增大空穴傳輸層的粗糙度,從而增大活性層與其的接觸面積,有利于載流子的傳輸,增大電流,從而提高器件性能。將Nafion摻入PEDOT:PSS作為空穴傳輸層的電池效率達(dá)到了15.11%,比作為基準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行對(duì)比的PEDOT:PSS的電池效率(11.91%)提升了26.9%。
[Abstract]:Perovskite solar cells have many advantages, such as high photoelectric conversion efficiency, simple preparation process, cheap raw materials and so on. The perovskite layer is located between the electron transport layer and the hole transport layer, forming a sandwich structure. Electron and hole transport on the interface between perovskite and two transport layers. Using hole transport material PEDOT:PSS as the hole transport layer can obtain high work function and improve the hole transport efficiency. However, there are some disadvantages in PEDOT:PSS itself. For example, the work function of PEDOT:PSS is about 0. 3 EV from the HOMO level of perovskite material CH3NH3PbI3, which will result in a loss of energy. In addition, PEDOT:PSS has strong acidity and moisture absorption, which will have a negative impact on the long-term stability of the device. In order to optimize the performance of planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells, the performance of PEDOT:PSS as the hole transport layer is optimized by using additives or additional hole transport materials. The specific research is as follows: 1. In p-i-n type planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells with reverse structure, the metal oxide tungsten oxide WOxs with high work function are inserted between PEDOT:PSS and FTO to form a WOx/PEDOT:PSS composite hole transport layer. In this way, the direct contact between FTO and PEDOT:PSS can be prevented, so as to solve the problem of the influence of corrosion substrate and moisture absorption on perovskite layer, and the barrier of contact interface of thin film can be reduced to a certain extent, and the performance of the device can be optimized. In this work, the effects of the addition of WOx as the hole transport layer on the transmittance of the thin film, the surface morphology of perovskite layer, the quality of perovskite crystal, the optical and electrical properties and the long-term stability of perovskite have been studied. The photovoltaic efficiency of planar heterojunction perovskite cells using WOx/PEDOT:PSS as the composite hole transport layer can reach 12.96 and the device efficiency of PEDOT:PSS is 10.560.This increases 22.7and 22.2 in comparison, and it also improves the long-term stability of the device. The performance of perovskite solar cells was optimized by adding PEDOT:PSS to improve the hole transport layer. Nafion is an excellent cationic exchange agent composed of perfluorinated sulfonic esters. High work function can be obtained by using hole transport material PEDOT:PSS as the hole transport layer. The roughness of the hole transport layer can be increased by blending PEDOT:PSS and Nafion. Thus, the contact area between the active layer and the active layer is increased, which is beneficial to the carrier transmission and current, thus improving the performance of the device. The efficiency of Nafion doped with PEDOT:PSS as the hole transport layer reached 15.11%, which was 26.910% higher than that of PEDOT:PSS (11.91%).
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM914.4

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 王福芝;譚占鰲;戴松元;李永舫;;平面異質(zhì)結(jié)有機(jī)-無(wú)機(jī)雜化鈣鈦礦太陽(yáng)電池研究進(jìn)展[J];物理學(xué)報(bào);2015年03期

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本文編號(hào)：1876489