本文選題：C鐵芯轉(zhuǎn)子 + 無鐵芯�。� 參考：《上海電機(jī)學(xué)院》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：當(dāng)今社會(huì)能源危機(jī)日益嚴(yán)重,環(huán)境污染、溫室效應(yīng)不斷加劇,尋找清潔無污染的新能源替代傳統(tǒng)化石能源發(fā)電是當(dāng)今人類社會(huì)一項(xiàng)緊迫任務(wù),風(fēng)能分布廣泛、蘊(yùn)含總量巨大且利用風(fēng)能發(fā)電可實(shí)現(xiàn)無污染,因此風(fēng)力發(fā)電成為當(dāng)前研究熱點(diǎn)。風(fēng)力發(fā)電的核心部件是風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)組,主要分為雙饋異步型和永磁直驅(qū)型兩大類,而永磁直驅(qū)風(fēng)電機(jī)組因其省去了齒輪箱使得發(fā)電機(jī)的系統(tǒng)損耗降低、效率提高、維護(hù)保養(yǎng)工作量減少,提高了風(fēng)電機(jī)組運(yùn)行的穩(wěn)定性,因此被認(rèn)為是未來風(fēng)電機(jī)組的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)。然而傳統(tǒng)的永磁直驅(qū)風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)定轉(zhuǎn)子之間的電磁吸力會(huì)導(dǎo)致齒槽轉(zhuǎn)矩很大,低風(fēng)速啟動(dòng)困難,而且鐵耗嚴(yán)重。本文研究的C型鐵芯轉(zhuǎn)子定子無鐵芯永磁直驅(qū)風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)不僅保持了傳統(tǒng)永磁直驅(qū)風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)的諸多優(yōu)點(diǎn),而且消除了電機(jī)的齒槽轉(zhuǎn)矩及定子鐵芯損耗,減輕了電機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)重量,因此具有很好的低風(fēng)速直接啟動(dòng)性能。隨著具有高強(qiáng)度和固定性好的輕質(zhì)復(fù)合材料的發(fā)展,無鐵芯電機(jī)中繞組的固定技術(shù)也更加成熟,無鐵芯電機(jī)必然會(huì)有更好的發(fā)展前景。本文第一部分介紹了風(fēng)力發(fā)電的背景意義,現(xiàn)代風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)的分類,永磁直驅(qū)風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)研究現(xiàn)狀,重點(diǎn)對(duì)無鐵芯電機(jī)做了較為全面地綜述。傳統(tǒng)無鐵芯電機(jī)多以軸向結(jié)構(gòu)為主,然而在大功率場(chǎng)合不適合用軸向結(jié)構(gòu)電機(jī),因此研究徑向結(jié)構(gòu)無鐵芯電機(jī)是大型永磁直驅(qū)風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)發(fā)展的必然趨勢(shì),本章對(duì)目前已經(jīng)研制成功的大型徑向結(jié)構(gòu)無鐵芯電機(jī)的一般設(shè)計(jì)方法做了介紹并對(duì)它們的參數(shù)范圍進(jìn)行了總結(jié),最后描述了采用C型鐵芯轉(zhuǎn)子無鐵芯永磁直驅(qū)風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)的特點(diǎn)。第二部分論述了永磁電機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)的一般方法流程,以及永磁電機(jī)電磁設(shè)計(jì)和結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)過程中重要公式,最后以流程圖的形式直觀地歸納了永磁電機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)的步驟。第三部分介紹了C型鐵芯轉(zhuǎn)子永磁直驅(qū)風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn),論述了其發(fā)展歷程、工作原理。通過精確畫圖軟件pro/e搭建電機(jī)的三維模型并導(dǎo)入Ansoft Maxwell 3D有限元仿真軟件中完成電磁性能仿真,再通過后處理得出空載、負(fù)載工況下電機(jī)的性能參數(shù),驗(yàn)證第二章設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)選取的合理性。第四部分根據(jù)C型鐵芯電機(jī)磁路特點(diǎn),借助Ansoft Maxwell 3D有限元計(jì)算功能,優(yōu)化C型轉(zhuǎn)子模塊的結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù),得到C型轉(zhuǎn)子模塊結(jié)構(gòu)最佳參數(shù),為電機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化做了必要準(zhǔn)備。最后一部分在磁鏈?zhǔn)睾愕睦碚摶A(chǔ)上結(jié)合有限元仿真的方法對(duì)C型鐵芯轉(zhuǎn)子永磁直驅(qū)風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)退磁特性進(jìn)行了深入研究,有限元法相較于磁路法可以更精確的得到永磁體的局部退磁特性,能夠從仿真結(jié)果得出退磁最嚴(yán)重時(shí)刻永磁失磁最嚴(yán)重位置處的磁密分布,即在短路后約半個(gè)周期時(shí)刻永磁體的外表面失磁最嚴(yán)重,這對(duì)于電機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)的防失磁問題具有一定指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, the energy crisis is becoming more and more serious, environmental pollution and Greenhouse Effect are becoming more and more serious. It is an urgent task to find clean and non-polluting new energy to replace the traditional fossil energy power generation, and wind energy is widely distributed. The total amount of wind power is huge and the use of wind power can achieve pollution-free, so wind power generation has become a hot research topic. The core component of wind power generation is wind turbine, which is divided into two categories: doubly-fed asynchronous type and permanent magnet direct drive type. The maintenance workload is reduced and the stability of wind turbine is improved, so it is regarded as the development trend of wind turbine in the future. However, the electromagnetic suction between stator and rotor of traditional permanent magnet direct drive wind turbine will lead to high torque of tooth slot, difficulty in starting low wind speed, and serious iron loss. In this paper, the C type core rotor stator permanent magnet direct drive wind turbine not only keeps many advantages of the traditional permanent magnet direct drive wind generator, but also eliminates the tooth slot torque and stator core loss of the motor. The structure weight of the motor is reduced, so it has good direct starting performance with low wind speed. With the development of lightweight composite materials with high strength and good fixation, the fixing technology of winding in the coreless motor is more mature, and the coreless motor will certainly have a better development prospect. The first part of this paper introduces the background significance of wind power generation, the classification of modern wind turbines, the current research situation of permanent magnet direct drive wind generators, and focuses on a more comprehensive review of iron-less motors. The traditional iron-less motor is mainly axial structure, but it is not suitable to use axial structure motor in high power situation. Therefore, it is an inevitable trend to study radial structure iron-less motor in the development of large permanent magnet direct drive wind turbine. In this chapter, the general design methods of large radial structure coreless motors are introduced and their parameter ranges are summarized. At last, the topological structure of C type core rotor permanent magnet direct drive wind turbine is described. The second part discusses the general method flow of permanent magnet motor design, and the important formulas in the process of electromagnetic design and structure design of permanent magnet motor. Finally, the steps of permanent magnet motor design are summarized intuitively in the form of flow chart. In the third part, the structure characteristics of C type iron core rotor permanent magnet direct drive wind turbine are introduced, its development course and working principle are discussed. Through accurate drawing software pro/e to build the 3D model of the motor and import the Ansoft Maxwell 3D finite element simulation software to complete the electromagnetic performance simulation, then through the post-processing to obtain the performance parameters of the motor under no-load and load conditions. Verify the rationality of the selection of design parameters in chapter 2. In the fourth part, according to the characteristics of the magnetic circuit of C type iron core motor and with the help of Ansoft Maxwell 3D finite element calculation function, the structural parameters of the C type rotor module are optimized, and the optimum structural parameters of the C type rotor module are obtained, which makes necessary preparations for the structure optimization of the motor. In the last part, based on the theory of flux chain conservation and finite element simulation, the demagnetization characteristics of C type core rotor permanent magnet direct drive wind turbine are studied. Compared with the magnetic circuit method, the finite element method can obtain the local demagnetization characteristics of the permanent magnet more accurately, and can obtain the magnetic density distribution at the most serious time of the demagnetization at the most serious moment of the permanent magnet. That is to say, the loss of magnetic field on the outer surface of permanent magnet is the most serious at about half a period after short circuit, which has certain guiding significance for the problem of magnetic loss prevention in the design of motor.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海電機(jī)學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TM315

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