本文選題：風(fēng)力發(fā)電 + 質(zhì)子交換膜燃料電池��； 參考：《山東大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：當(dāng)前,以化石燃料為基礎(chǔ)的能源系統(tǒng)帶來了大量問題,如氣候變化、空氣污染、溫室氣體排放和對化石燃料的依賴等。人們迫切需要開發(fā)可再生的替代能源,并研究其能量轉(zhuǎn)換及儲存方法。風(fēng)電作為一種通用的可再生能源轉(zhuǎn)換裝置,因其能量來源廣、環(huán)境污染小等優(yōu)點,成為取代傳統(tǒng)發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的最有潛力的能源形式之一。為了解決風(fēng)力發(fā)電的隨機和間歇性問題,將發(fā)電量不可控制的風(fēng)力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)與可控的燃料電池組合成聯(lián)合系統(tǒng),從而保證系統(tǒng)的供電質(zhì)量。與目前使用的其他類型的燃料電池相比,質(zhì)子交換膜燃料電池(Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell,PEMFC)具有預(yù)熱時間短、工作溫度低、比功率高和沒有電解液泄漏風(fēng)險等優(yōu)點。因此采用風(fēng)電和PEMFC相結(jié)合的聯(lián)合發(fā)電系統(tǒng),成為一種理想的發(fā)電方式,對當(dāng)今世界的能源和環(huán)境問題的解決具有理論和現(xiàn)實意義。本文建立在國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項目"分布式多元供能系統(tǒng)數(shù)學(xué)模型與優(yōu)化控制策略研究"基礎(chǔ)上,并結(jié)合現(xiàn)有的研究成果,對風(fēng)電-PEMFC聯(lián)合供電系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了研究。建立了風(fēng)力發(fā)電機組、PEMFC電堆、電解槽、儲氫罐、功率轉(zhuǎn)換及控制裝置等單元模塊的仿真模型,研究了各模塊的工作特性。設(shè)計了系統(tǒng)的能源管理策略,其控制效果和可行性通過仿真結(jié)果得到了驗證。文中建立了變速恒頻風(fēng)力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的仿真模型,模型包括風(fēng)力發(fā)電機組、傳動裝置、雙饋感應(yīng)風(fēng)力發(fā)電機和變流器等多個子模塊,以及模擬自然狀態(tài)的風(fēng)速模型。詳細(xì)介紹了風(fēng)力發(fā)電機最大功率跟蹤原理以及系統(tǒng)控制原理,針對風(fēng)電場在漸變風(fēng)速下的運行特點進(jìn)行了仿真和分析。詳細(xì)介紹了 PEMFC的工作原理及組成,在此基礎(chǔ)上利用MATLAB/Simulink仿真軟件對其進(jìn)行了建模及仿真分析,研究了電堆輸出電流以及進(jìn)氣溫度對系統(tǒng)性能產(chǎn)生的影響,且為滿足負(fù)載需求建立了 PEMFC的功率轉(zhuǎn)換模型。本文介紹了幾種現(xiàn)有的制氫和儲氫方式,并對其優(yōu)劣進(jìn)行了比較。選用了電解水制氫及活性炭儲氫的方式,基于其工作原理建立了電解槽和儲氫罐的集總參數(shù)模型,并對其性能仿真的結(jié)果進(jìn)行了分析。結(jié)合各發(fā)電模塊的工作特點,設(shè)計了風(fēng)電-PEMFC發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的能量管理策略,并在MATLAB/Simulink仿真平臺上建立了系統(tǒng)整體的仿真及控制模型。結(jié)合風(fēng)速變化和用戶負(fù)載變化情況,對系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了仿真并驗證其可行性。
[Abstract]:At present, fossil fuel-based energy systems bring a lot of problems, such as climate change, air pollution, greenhouse gas emissions and dependence on fossil fuels. There is an urgent need to develop renewable alternative energy sources and to study their energy conversion and storage methods. Wind power, as a universal renewable energy conversion device, has become one of the most potential energy forms to replace the traditional power generation system because of its advantages of wide energy sources and low environmental pollution. In order to solve the stochastic and intermittent problem of wind power generation, the uncontrollable wind power generation system and controllable fuel cell are combined into a combined system to ensure the power quality of the system. Compared with other types of fuel cells currently used, Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell-PEMFCs have the advantages of short preheating time, low operating temperature, high specific power and no electrolyte leakage risk. Therefore, the combination of wind power and PEMFC becomes an ideal power generation mode, which has theoretical and practical significance to solve the energy and environmental problems in the world today. Based on the research on mathematical model and optimal control strategy of distributed multivariate energy supply system, supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China, and combined with the existing research results, this paper studies the wind power-PEMFC combined power supply system. The simulation model of PEMFC stack, electrolytic cell, hydrogen storage tank, power conversion and control device of wind turbine is established, and the working characteristics of each module are studied. The control effect and feasibility of the system are verified by simulation results. The simulation model of variable speed constant frequency wind power generation system is established in this paper. The model includes wind turbine, transmission, doubly-fed induction wind generator and converter, as well as wind speed model to simulate natural state. The maximum power tracking principle and system control principle of wind turbine are introduced in detail. The operation characteristics of wind farm under gradual wind speed are simulated and analyzed. The working principle and composition of PEMFC are introduced in detail. On the basis of this, modeling and simulation analysis of PEMFC are carried out by using MATLAB/Simulink simulation software, and the effects of output current of stack and inlet air temperature on the performance of the system are studied. The power conversion model of PEMFC is established to meet the load requirement. In this paper, several existing methods of hydrogen production and hydrogen storage are introduced, and their merits and demerits are compared. Based on the working principle, the lumped parameter model of electrolytic cell and hydrogen storage tank is established, and the simulation results of its performance are analyzed. According to the working characteristics of each generation module, the energy management strategy of wind power PEMFC power generation system is designed, and the overall simulation and control model of the system is established on the MATLAB/Simulink simulation platform. Combined with the change of wind speed and user load, the system is simulated and its feasibility is verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM911.4

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