本文選題：光伏系統(tǒng) + RT-LAB�。� 參考：《東南大學》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟的快速發(fā)展,生活水平的不斷提高,人們對化石燃料的消耗日益增加,這給地球環(huán)境帶來了巨大壓力,引發(fā)了資源短缺、溫室效應、環(huán)境污染等嚴重問題。因此,充分開發(fā)利用可再生能源具有十分重要的意義。太陽能具有環(huán)保、可再生、儲量豐富等優(yōu)點,因此被越來越廣泛的關注,其主要利用方式為光伏并網(wǎng)發(fā)電。太陽能屬于間歇性能源,光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)受多種外界條件影響,包括光照強度和環(huán)境溫度等,考慮外界環(huán)境因素充分開發(fā)利用太陽能資源是當前的研究熱點,光伏電池并網(wǎng)前需經(jīng)過DC/DC整流變換及DC/AC逆變變換,本文采用Boost升壓電路實現(xiàn)光伏電池的DC/DC變換及光伏電池的最大功率點跟蹤(MPPT)控制,采用全橋逆變電路,并選擇電壓電流雙閉環(huán)控制策略完成光伏電池的DC/AC逆變變換,實現(xiàn)光伏并網(wǎng)。光伏并網(wǎng)的實驗驗證方法包括數(shù)字仿真及物理模擬。數(shù)字模擬操作相對簡單且實驗參數(shù)可變,然而其結果的準確性不及動態(tài)模擬,很多實際物理情況也不能模擬。物理模擬可以直接觀察不同物理現(xiàn)象的物理過程,以得到直觀明確的物理概念,然而待研究系統(tǒng)的物理規(guī)模不能太大,且裝置參數(shù)的調(diào)節(jié)范圍有限。物理模擬及數(shù)字仿真具備不同的實驗特征,因此其適用范圍也不同,兩種實驗方法相互配合才是最好的試驗驗證方案。因此,本文同時結合數(shù)字仿真和物理模擬,采用RT-LAB半實物實時仿真軟件進行分布式光伏運行與控制模擬研究。首先,本文從研究現(xiàn)狀著手,分析了數(shù)字仿真及物理模擬的發(fā)展過程及兩者的優(yōu)缺點,總結出同時結合數(shù)字仿真及物理模擬是更好的解決方案,并簡要介紹了本文的主要研究內(nèi)容。然后,本文根據(jù)光伏電池發(fā)電原理等效數(shù)學表達式,在MATLAB/siumlink環(huán)境中建立了光伏仿真模型,并針對不同光照強度、環(huán)境溫度開展光伏電池輸出特性仿真模擬和數(shù)據(jù)分析；總結了現(xiàn)有最大功率點跟蹤策略,在MATLAB/siumlink環(huán)境搭建了MPPT模型,開展相同仿真步長下不同MPPT控制算法的仿真對比分析,對不同控制策略的優(yōu)缺點進行了總結,并對不同仿真步長下的仿真結果進行對比分析；對現(xiàn)有典型光伏并網(wǎng)拓撲結構及控制策略進行了分析,因電壓電流雙閉環(huán)控制策略具有簡明、可靠、實用的特點,本文采用該控制策略進行半實物仿真驗證,考慮到硬件誤差,本文采用增量式PID控制替代傳統(tǒng)的位置式PID控制,以提高半實物仿真的準確性。其次,本文開展了自適應多種控制算法檢測的半實物仿真平臺接口設計,主要分析MPPT控制算法及雙閉環(huán)控制算法硬件模擬所采用的控制電路,本文采用以Freescale公司的MC56F8257芯片為核心器件的控制電路,并介紹了該控制電路的特點及控制程序設計方案。最后,本文開展了基于RT-LAB的半實物仿真平臺構建及試驗驗證,首先對RT-LAB實時仿真器進行了簡要介紹,在此基礎上研究光伏模擬系統(tǒng)在RT-LAB中的實時仿真流程,詳細介紹了Matlab離線仿真模型到RT-LAB實時仿真模型的實時化過程。接著從MPPT控制實物化角度研究不同MPPT算法,并采用一種改進的MPPT算法進行硬件控制器設計,結合RT-LAB實時仿真平臺建立數(shù)字主電路,進行數(shù)�；旌蠈崟r仿真驗證,對比分析改進MPPT算法與傳統(tǒng)MPPT算法的控制效果,驗證改進控制算法的有效性及優(yōu)越性；最后從逆變器控制算法實物化角度,對雙閉環(huán)控制算法的控制效果進行驗證。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy and the continuous improvement of living standards, the consumption of fossil fuels is increasing, which brings great pressure to the earth environment. It has caused serious problems such as resource shortage, greenhouse effect, environmental pollution and so on. Therefore, it is of great significance to fully exploit and utilize renewable energy sources. Because of the advantages of birth, abundant reserves and so on, it is becoming more and more widely concerned, its main use is photovoltaic grid connected power generation. Solar energy belongs to intermittent energy, photovoltaic power generation system is affected by various external conditions, including light intensity and environmental temperature. Considering the external environment factors, the full exploitation and utilization of solar energy is the current research hotspot. The photovoltaic cells need to undergo DC/DC rectifier transformation and DC/AC inverter before the grid. This paper uses Boost boost circuit to realize DC/DC transformation of photovoltaic cells and maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control of photovoltaic cells. The full bridge inverter circuit is adopted, and the dual closed loop control strategy of voltage and current is selected to complete the DC/AC inverter transformation of the photovoltaic cell, and the photovoltaic cell is realized. The experimental verification methods of photovoltaic grid connection include digital simulation and physical simulation. The digital simulation operation is relatively simple and the experimental parameters are variable. However, the accuracy of the results is less than the dynamic simulation, and many physical conditions can not be simulated. Physical simulation can directly observe the physical process of different physical phenomena, so as to be intuitively clear. The physical scale of the system is not too large, and the range of the device parameters is limited. The physical simulation and digital simulation have different experimental characteristics, so the application range is different. The two experimental methods are the best test verification scheme. Therefore, this paper combines digital simulation and physics at the same time. Simulation, using RT-LAB semi physical real time simulation software to carry out distributed PV operation and control simulation. First, this paper analyzes the development process of digital simulation and physical simulation and the advantages and disadvantages of both digital and physical simulation, and summarizes a better solution with the combination of digital simulation and physical simulation, and the brief introduction of this method. Then, based on the equivalent mathematical expression of the photovoltaic cell generation principle, a photovoltaic simulation model is established in the MATLAB/siumlink environment, and the simulation and data analysis of the output characteristics of the photovoltaic cells are carried out according to the different light intensity and environment temperature, and the existing maximum power point tracking strategy is summarized in the MATLAB/s. The iumlink environment builds the MPPT model, carries out the simulation contrast analysis of different MPPT control algorithms under the same simulation step, sums up the advantages and disadvantages of different control strategies, and compares the simulation results under different simulation steps, analyzes the existing typical photovoltaic grid topology structure and control strategy, and the voltage electricity is due to the voltage electricity. The flow double closed loop control strategy is simple, reliable and practical. This paper uses this control strategy to verify the hardware in the loop simulation. Considering the hardware error, this paper uses incremental PID control instead of the traditional position PID control to improve the accuracy of the hardware in the loop simulation. The interface design of the physical simulation platform is designed, which mainly analyzes the control circuit used by the MPPT control algorithm and the hardware simulation of the double closed loop control algorithm. This paper uses the MC56F8257 chip of the Freescale company as the core component, and introduces the characteristics of the control circuit and the design scheme of the control sequence. Finally, this paper has carried out a RT-LAB based on the control circuit. The hardware in the loop simulation platform construction and test verification, first of all, the RT-LAB real time simulator is briefly introduced. On this basis, the real-time simulation process of the photovoltaic simulation system in RT-LAB is studied. The real-time process of the Matlab off-line simulation model to the RT-LAB real-time simulation model is introduced in detail. Then, the research of the real time simulation model of the MPPT is studied. With the MPPT algorithm, an improved MPPT algorithm is used to design the hardware controller, and the digital main circuit is set up with the RT-LAB real-time simulation platform. The mixed real-time simulation verification is carried out. The control effect of the improved MPPT algorithm and the traditional MPPT algorithm is compared and analyzed, and the effectiveness and superiority of the improved control algorithm is verified. Finally, the inverter is obtained from the inverter. The control algorithm's physical angle is used to verify the control effect of the double closed loop control algorithm.

【學位授予單位】：東南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TM615

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