本文選題：分布式電源 + Park變換　； 參考：《華北電力大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：微網(wǎng)作為分布式電源與負(fù)荷的有效組網(wǎng)方式,憑借著其對(duì)分布式電源的高效利用,以及能夠在并網(wǎng)和孤島兩種運(yùn)行方式下無縫切換等優(yōu)勢(shì)而被廣泛接受。微網(wǎng)作為控制單元雖然有著易于控制和管理的優(yōu)點(diǎn),但是其靈活的運(yùn)行方式以及復(fù)雜的電源故障特點(diǎn)均給現(xiàn)有的保護(hù)配置提出了新的挑戰(zhàn),使傳統(tǒng)的配電網(wǎng)保護(hù)不再具有適用性,因此需要設(shè)計(jì)新的保護(hù)方案。本文圍繞此問題進(jìn)行深入研究,完成的主要工作和成果如下:(1)分析了由逆變型分布式電源組成的微網(wǎng)的故障特性。以三個(gè)保護(hù)區(qū)組成的微網(wǎng)模型作為研究對(duì)象,分別在并網(wǎng)和孤島兩種運(yùn)行方式下進(jìn)行了故障仿真,深入分析了微網(wǎng)故障特性,為后續(xù)工作的開展奠定了基礎(chǔ)。(2)研究了基于Park變換的低電壓保護(hù)方案。為適應(yīng)微網(wǎng)在孤島運(yùn)行方式下故障電流小的特征,利用故障時(shí)電壓降落作為保護(hù)的依據(jù),從而提高了保護(hù)的可靠性。該保護(hù)方案利用Park變換,把三相電壓上的擾動(dòng)量轉(zhuǎn)換為dq軸的直流量,從而更好地描述故障擾動(dòng)量。同時(shí),對(duì)保護(hù)原理進(jìn)行了理論分析,設(shè)定擾動(dòng)量的閾值實(shí)現(xiàn)保護(hù)的動(dòng)作。(3)對(duì)基于Park變換的低電壓保護(hù)方案進(jìn)行改進(jìn),進(jìn)一步考慮了保護(hù)之間的配合以及動(dòng)作的快速性,提出了一種基于低電壓反時(shí)限微網(wǎng)保護(hù)方案。通過之前的故障特性分析,提出了保護(hù)動(dòng)作方程,闡述了保護(hù)的原理。為實(shí)現(xiàn)保護(hù)之間的配合,對(duì)保護(hù)上下級(jí)之間的配合進(jìn)行了整定。針對(duì)含有旋轉(zhuǎn)式電源的微網(wǎng),提出了依靠故障選相改進(jìn)保護(hù)的設(shè)想;考慮到接地時(shí)過渡電阻問題,提出了利用電抗比例系數(shù)改進(jìn)保護(hù)的猜想。(4)最后,本文在MATLAB/Simulink平臺(tái)上搭建了微網(wǎng)系統(tǒng),對(duì)所提方案進(jìn)行有效性驗(yàn)證。分別對(duì)不同故障類型和不同故障點(diǎn)進(jìn)行仿真,結(jié)果表明在并網(wǎng)和孤島兩種運(yùn)行方式下,基于低電壓反時(shí)限保護(hù)方案能夠很好地切除各種故障,并且上下級(jí)保護(hù)之間能夠有效的配合,解決了過流保護(hù)無法適應(yīng)微網(wǎng)故障特性的問題。
[Abstract]:As an effective way of constructing distributed power supply and load, microgrid has been widely accepted because of its advantages of efficient utilization of distributed power supply and seamless switching between grid-connected and islanding operation modes. As a control unit, microgrid has the advantages of easy control and management, but its flexible operation mode and complex power failure characteristics pose new challenges to the existing protection configuration. Traditional distribution network protection is no longer applicable, so it is necessary to design a new protection scheme. The main work and results of this paper are as follows: 1) the fault characteristics of microgrid composed of inverter distributed power supply are analyzed. Taking the microgrid model composed of three protected areas as the research object, the fault simulation is carried out under the two operation modes of grid-connected and isolated island, and the fault characteristics of microgrid are deeply analyzed. A low voltage protection scheme based on Park transform is studied. In order to adapt to the characteristics of the microgrid with small fault current under the isolated island operation mode, the voltage drop during the fault is used as the basis of the protection, thus the reliability of the protection is improved. The Park transform is used to convert the disturbance on the three-phase voltage to the direct current of the dq-axis, which can better describe the disturbance of the fault. At the same time, the theory of protection is analyzed theoretically, and the protection scheme based on Park transform is improved by setting the threshold value of disturbance quantity to realize the protection. The cooperation between the protection and the rapidity of the action are further considered. A low voltage inverse-time microgrid protection scheme is proposed. Through the analysis of fault characteristics before, the protection action equation is put forward and the principle of protection is expounded. In order to realize the cooperation between the protection, the cooperation between the upper and lower levels of the protection is adjusted. Aiming at the microgrid with rotary power supply, the assumption of improving the protection by fault phase selection is put forward, and the conjecture of using reactance proportional coefficient to improve the protection is put forward considering the problem of transition resistance in grounding. In this paper, a microgrid system is built on MATLAB/Simulink platform, and the validity of the proposed scheme is verified. The simulation results of different fault types and different fault points show that under the two operation modes of grid-connected and islanding, the low-voltage inverse time-limited protection scheme can remove all kinds of faults well. The overcurrent protection can not adapt to the fault characteristics of microgrid.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM77;TM727

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