發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-30 06:57

  本文選題：并網(wǎng)逆變器控制 + 重復(fù)控制�。� 參考：《中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著環(huán)境污染日益加重以及全球?qū)δ茉吹男枨笕找嬖鲩L,化石能源將會(huì)被慢慢舍棄,取而代之的是以太陽能為首的清潔新能源。為了提高光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器控制性能,提高發(fā)電效率,光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器控制技術(shù)及新型的最大功率點(diǎn)跟蹤(MPPT)技術(shù)是如今的研究熱點(diǎn)。本文選取三相帶Boost升壓兩電平逆變器系統(tǒng)作為研究對象,對其前級MPPT控制算法、并網(wǎng)逆變器控制策略等展開研究。首先,對三相并網(wǎng)逆變器進(jìn)行數(shù)學(xué)建模,設(shè)計(jì)了雙閉環(huán)控制器參數(shù),針對直流母線電壓和電網(wǎng)電壓的擾動(dòng)以及并網(wǎng)電流對電網(wǎng)的沖擊問題,在電流內(nèi)環(huán)加入了電壓前饋,改善了并網(wǎng)逆變器的動(dòng)態(tài)性能;針對只使用PI調(diào)節(jié)器時(shí)并網(wǎng)電流總畸變率(THD)偏高的問題,研究了采用PI控制與重復(fù)控制相結(jié)合的并網(wǎng)策略,對于電網(wǎng)的擾動(dòng)和含有的諧波有較好的抑制作用,系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)態(tài)精度提高,抗干擾能力增強(qiáng);針對電網(wǎng)電壓不平衡,采用基于對稱分量法的三相軟件鎖相環(huán),提高了系統(tǒng)抗干擾的能力。通過對雙閉環(huán)并網(wǎng)逆變器的仿真分析,證明該控制策略在電網(wǎng)電壓突變、頻率變化以及含諧波情況下具有良好的動(dòng)態(tài)性和穩(wěn)定性。其次,對光伏陣列進(jìn)行工程建模與輸出特性分析,基于MPPT的基本原理,設(shè)計(jì)了光伏電池MPPT裝置,研究并改進(jìn)了幾種傳統(tǒng)的MPPT控制算法,并通過仿真分析比較各自的優(yōu)勢與不足,最后采用了一種帶滯環(huán)比較的變步長擾動(dòng)觀測法,此方法可以消除穩(wěn)定過程中的功率波動(dòng),解決了尋優(yōu)過程的誤判問題,仿真結(jié)果證明了該控制方法的有效性。再次,對于局部陰影條件下的光伏陣列進(jìn)行建模,針對傳統(tǒng)方法對于多峰值情況下跟蹤失效的問題,研究分析了對于兩個(gè)峰值情況下的重新選擇參考電壓的電導(dǎo)增量法,針對三個(gè)及以上峰值的情況,本文基于煙花爆炸尋優(yōu)算法的原理,提出新型的MPPT算法,可以避免陷入局部最大功率點(diǎn),具有跟蹤快速且準(zhǔn)確的優(yōu)點(diǎn),隨后通過仿真驗(yàn)證了該方法的可行性,滿足跟蹤要求。最后,搭建了1.8k W并網(wǎng)實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái),進(jìn)行了參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)、選型、硬件電路設(shè)計(jì),通過DSP軟件編程,對光伏并網(wǎng)策略以及MPPT算法進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,分析了實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果,驗(yàn)證了可行性與有效性。
[Abstract]:As environmental pollution intensifies and global demand for energy grows, fossil fuels will be scrapped and replaced by clean new sources of energy, led by solar energy. In order to improve the control performance of grid-connected photovoltaic inverter and improve the efficiency of generation, the control technology of grid-connected photovoltaic inverter and the new maximum power point tracking (MPPTT) technology have become a hot research topic. In this paper, the three-phase Boost boost two-level inverter system is chosen as the research object, and its MPPT control algorithm and grid-connected inverter control strategy are studied. Firstly, the mathematical model of the three-phase grid-connected inverter is established, and the parameters of the dual-closed-loop controller are designed. In view of the disturbance of DC bus voltage and grid voltage and the impact of grid-connected current on the grid, the voltage feedforward is added to the current inner loop. The dynamic performance of grid-connected inverter is improved, and the strategy of combining Pi control with repetitive control is studied to solve the problem of high total distortion rate (THD) of grid-connected current when Pi regulator is used only. It can restrain the disturbance and harmonics of the power network, improve the steady-state precision of the system and enhance the anti-interference ability. In view of the voltage imbalance of the power system, a three-phase software phase-locked loop based on symmetric component method is adopted. The anti-interference ability of the system is improved. Through the simulation analysis of double closed loop grid-connected inverter, it is proved that the control strategy has good dynamic and stability in the case of voltage abrupt change, frequency change and harmonic. Secondly, the engineering modeling and output characteristic analysis of photovoltaic array are carried out. Based on the basic principle of MPPT, the photovoltaic cell MPPT device is designed, several traditional MPPT control algorithms are studied and improved, and their advantages and disadvantages are compared by simulation analysis. Finally, a variable step size perturbation observation method with hysteresis comparison is used. This method can eliminate the power fluctuation in the stable process and solve the problem of misjudgment in the optimization process. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the control method. Thirdly, the photovoltaic array under the condition of local shadow is modeled. Aiming at the problem of tracking failure in the case of multi-peak value by traditional method, the conductance increment method for re-selecting reference voltage under two peak values is studied and analyzed. For three or more peak values, based on the principle of fireworks explosion optimization algorithm, a new MPPT algorithm is proposed, which can avoid falling into local maximum power points, and has the advantages of fast and accurate tracking. The feasibility of the method is verified by simulation, and the tracking requirement is satisfied. Finally, a 1.8kW grid-connected experimental platform is built, including parameter design, type selection, hardware circuit design, DSP software programming, experimental research on photovoltaic grid-connected strategy and MPPT algorithm, and analysis of the experimental results. The feasibility and effectiveness are verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM615;TM464

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本文編號：1823539