本文選題：異步電動機 + 故障診斷��； 參考：《曲阜師范大學》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：電動機作為一種可以將電能轉化為機械能的裝置,在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中有著舉足輕重的地位,特別是異步電動機作為工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中最主要的原動力和驅動裝置,其重要性是毋庸置疑的。在煤礦、能源、化工等工業(yè)領域當中,大型異步電機更是其核心設備,一旦異步電機出現(xiàn)故障,整個工業(yè)運行系統(tǒng)可能會面臨全面癱瘓的風險,造成不可預料的經(jīng)濟損失,甚至危及現(xiàn)場工作人員的生命安全。因此異步電動機的故障檢測及故障診斷具有重要的研究意義。本文針對異步電動機的狀態(tài)監(jiān)測,以PT100、電流互感器、電壓互感器、加速度傳感器及研華PCI1711等為硬件基礎,應用LabVIEW與MATLAB混合編程、C語言編程,開發(fā)出異步電機實時狀態(tài)監(jiān)測與故障診斷專家系統(tǒng)。系統(tǒng)的數(shù)據(jù)采集功能主要由現(xiàn)場傳感器及研華數(shù)據(jù)采集卡PCI1711完成,PCI1711是基于PCI總線的高速多功能數(shù)據(jù)采集卡,可以實現(xiàn)對數(shù)字量、模擬量輸入輸出的控制。信號通過數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)在上位機LabVIEW開發(fā)的信號分析系統(tǒng)中進行分析與處理。信號分析系統(tǒng)利用異步電機的轉子繞組與定子繞組的感應關系,通過Park變換法對異步電機的三相定子電流進行數(shù)據(jù)處理,得到定子電流Park變換圖,并通過MATLAB編程提取出故障的特征信號。同時,針對轉子故障信號微弱時Park變換圖不明顯的弱點,使用最優(yōu)抵消法對定子電流作去噪處理,然后進行頻譜分析,提取故障頻譜的特征信號,得到定子電流頻譜圖進行輔助判斷。對于振動信號,利用虛擬濾波器進行了濾波處理,然后借助MATLAB進行Hilbert變換,并對其做包絡分析,得到相應的波形圖,提取包絡圖中的故障特征信號。信號分析系統(tǒng)提取的故障特征信號的數(shù)據(jù)存放在系統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)庫中,通過故障診斷專家系統(tǒng)與知識庫中的規(guī)則進行比較,最終確定故障結果。專家系統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)庫使用Access軟件進行開發(fā),通過故障樹分析建立知識庫,最終由C語言編程完成專家系統(tǒng)的設計,通過LabVIEW的CIN(Code Interface Node)功能節(jié)點來實現(xiàn)對專家系統(tǒng)的調用。本課題設計的異步電機智能故障診斷系統(tǒng)經(jīng)過兗礦集團鮑店煤礦儲運車間測試證明,具有良好的實時數(shù)據(jù)監(jiān)測和準確的故障診斷能力。設計達到了預期的目標,對煤炭倉儲車間的生產(chǎn)安全和優(yōu)化管理起到了重要的實際意義。
[Abstract]:As a kind of device which can convert electric energy into mechanical energy, motor plays an important role in industrial production, especially asynchronous motor as the main driving force and driving device in industrial production, its importance is beyond doubt. In the coal mine, energy, chemical and other industrial fields, large asynchronous motors are the core equipment. Once the asynchronous motors fail, the entire industrial operation system may face the risk of total paralysis, resulting in unpredictable economic losses. It even endangers the safety of the workers on the spot. Therefore, the fault detection and fault diagnosis of asynchronous motor is of great significance. Based on the hardware of PT100, current transformer, voltage transformer, acceleration sensor and PCI1711, this paper uses LabVIEW and MATLAB to program in C language for the condition monitoring of asynchronous motor. A real-time condition monitoring and fault diagnosis expert system for asynchronous motor is developed. PCI1711 is a high speed multifunction data acquisition card based on PCI bus, which can control the input and output of digital quantity and analog quantity. The signal is analyzed and processed by the data acquisition system in the signal analysis system developed by LabVIEW. The signal analysis system makes use of the induction relation between rotor winding and stator winding of asynchronous motor, and processes the three-phase stator current of asynchronous motor by Park transform method, and obtains the Park transform diagram of stator current. The characteristic signal of fault is extracted by MATLAB programming. At the same time, aiming at the weakness of the Park transform diagram when the rotor fault signal is weak, the stator current is de-noised by the optimal cancellation method, and then the spectrum analysis is carried out to extract the characteristic signal of the fault spectrum. The stator current spectrum diagram is obtained for auxiliary judgment. For the vibration signal, the virtual filter is used to filter the signal, and then the Hilbert transform is carried out with the help of MATLAB, and the corresponding waveform is obtained by the envelope analysis, and the fault characteristic signal is extracted from the envelope diagram. The data of fault feature signals extracted by signal analysis system are stored in the database of the system. The fault results are determined by comparing the fault diagnosis expert system with the rules in the knowledge base. The database of expert system is developed with Access software, and the knowledge base is established by fault tree analysis. Finally, the design of expert system is accomplished by C language programming, and the expert system is called by CIN(Code Interface Node of LabVIEW. The intelligent fault diagnosis system of asynchronous motor designed in this paper is proved to have good real-time data monitoring and accurate fault diagnosis ability by testing the storage and transportation workshop of Baodian Coal Mine of Yankuang Group. The design achieves the expected goal and plays an important practical significance to the production safety and optimization management of the coal storage workshop.
【學位授予單位】：曲阜師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TM343

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