發(fā)布時間：2018-04-24 21:47

  本文選題：電力CPS + 層次結(jié)構(gòu)模型�。� 參考：《武漢大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：由于智能電網(wǎng)的大力發(fā)展,信息系統(tǒng)在電力系統(tǒng)運行中扮演著越來越重要的角色。傳統(tǒng)的電力系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)變成了信息系統(tǒng)與電力系統(tǒng)緊密協(xié)作的電力信息-物理融合系統(tǒng)(Cyber-physical System,CPS)。電力CPS中信息技術(shù)的廣泛應用為電力生產(chǎn)和管理帶來便利的同時,也引入了新的安全威脅。近年來,由信息系統(tǒng)故障引發(fā)的電網(wǎng)波動甚至大規(guī)模停電事件不斷出現(xiàn),電力CPS的安全性問題日益突出。電力CPS安全評估是對系統(tǒng)威脅、脆弱性等的綜合評估,有利于找出系統(tǒng)薄弱環(huán)節(jié)并制定相應改進方案,對當前電網(wǎng)的可靠運行與未來能源系統(tǒng)的架構(gòu)設計有著重要的指導意義�，F(xiàn)有的評估模型局限于單一空間安全,沒有將電力CPS當作一個有機整體進行評估�；谝陨媳尘�,本文主要對電力CPS的建模方法、電力CPS層次體系下的風險及其跨空間傳播,以及電力CPS的安全評估問題進行了研究。在層次結(jié)構(gòu)模型下,從靜態(tài)的電力CPS信息設備節(jié)點風險到動態(tài)電力CPS連鎖故障,對電力CPS安全風險進行了全面的分析。具體研究內(nèi)容包括以下幾個方面:(1)研究面向?qū)ο蟮碾娏PS層次體系結(jié)構(gòu)模型。首先分析了電力CPS以能量流-信息流的方式進行信息-物理的交互,然后針對電力CPS離散與連續(xù)系統(tǒng)耦合的特點,提出了面向?qū)ο蟮膶哟位７椒ㄅc結(jié)構(gòu)模型。該模型將電力CPS劃分為信息設備層、通信子網(wǎng)層、網(wǎng)絡層、信息業(yè)務層和物理系統(tǒng)層5個層次,采用面向?qū)ο蟮姆椒ǘx了各個層次的關(guān)系及構(gòu)成,提高了對電力CPS進行分析、評估和仿真的可行性。(2)層次結(jié)構(gòu)下的電力CPS信息系統(tǒng)故障與風險因素分析。分析了電力CPS風險的來源,然后基于面向?qū)ο蟮膶哟谓Y(jié)構(gòu),分別從信息設備層、通信子網(wǎng)層、網(wǎng)絡層、信息業(yè)務層和物理系統(tǒng)層5個層次對電力CPS的故障與風險因素進行分析。最后,對信息系統(tǒng)故障進行了分類。對電力CPS的風險進行解構(gòu),明確了信息系統(tǒng)故障的來源,有利于故障的分析與防護。(3)研究基于層次結(jié)構(gòu)模型的電力CPS信息設備故障風險評估方法。首先建立電力CPS信息系統(tǒng)在層次結(jié)構(gòu)體系中的耦合模型。然后以一種基于層次分析法(AHP)的評估算法作為耦合模型輸出函數(shù),選取評估指標作為模型的輸入,信息設備故障風險為模型輸出。該模型考慮了信息系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部以及信息系統(tǒng)與電力系統(tǒng)之間的靜態(tài)關(guān)聯(lián)關(guān)系,可以對電力CPS信息系統(tǒng)風險進行靜態(tài)評估。最后選取D2-1型變電站作為算例進行設備故障風險評估,評估結(jié)果與實際情況相符,從而驗證了該方法的有效性。(4)研究電力CPS中信息系統(tǒng)安全風險的跨空間傳播機制以及基于改進攻擊圖的安全風險評估。首先,在分析電力CPS中信息系統(tǒng)風險的基礎上,闡述了電力CPS風險跨空間傳播的基本方式。然后,根據(jù)改進攻擊圖建立了電力CPS安全風險傳播模型,以信息設備、電力業(yè)務、電力系統(tǒng)故障為節(jié)點,建立風險傳播路徑,通過改進攻擊圖定量計算節(jié)點和攻擊路徑對于信息設備故障傳播的靈敏度。最后,綜合故障風險評估與靈敏度的結(jié)果,對電力CPS進行考慮動態(tài)時序的綜合安全評估。
[Abstract]:Because of the development of smart grid, the information system plays a more and more important role in the operation of the power system. The traditional power system has changed into the Cyber-physical System (CPS). The wide application of the information technology in the power CPS is the electric power production. With the convenience of management, new security threats have also been introduced. In recent years, the power grid fluctuation and even large-scale blackout caused by the information system failure are appearing continuously. The security problem of the power CPS is becoming more and more prominent. The power CPS security assessment is a comprehensive assessment of the system threat and vulnerability, which is beneficial to identify the weak links of the system and to find out the weak links of the system and The corresponding improvement scheme has important guiding significance for the reliable operation of the current grid and the architecture design of the future energy system. The existing evaluation model is limited to single space security and does not evaluate the power CPS as an organic whole. Based on the above background, this paper mainly deals with the modeling method of electric power CPS, the CPS level of electric power. The risk and its cross space transmission under the system, as well as the security assessment of power CPS are studied. Under the hierarchical structure model, a comprehensive analysis of the security risk of power CPS is carried out from the static power CPS information equipment node risk to the dynamic power CPS chain fault. The specific research contents include the following aspects: (1) research face The power CPS hierarchical architecture model of the object is first analyzed. First, it analyzes the interaction between the power CPS and the energy flow information flow. Then, aiming at the characteristics of the coupling between the power CPS discrete and the continuous system, the object-oriented hierarchical modeling method and structure model are proposed. The model divides the power CPS into the information equipment layer. 5 levels of the sub network layer, network layer, information service layer and physical system layer are used to define the relationship and composition of various levels by object-oriented method. The feasibility of the analysis, evaluation and Simulation of power CPS is improved. (2) the analysis of the risk factors of the power CPS information system under the hierarchical structure is analyzed. The source of the risk of electric power is analyzed. Then, based on the object-oriented hierarchy structure, the fault and risk factors of power CPS are analyzed from 5 levels of information equipment layer, communication subnetwork layer, network layer, information service layer and physical system layer. Finally, the information system fault is classified. The risk of power CPS is deconstructed, and the source of information system fault is clarified. It is beneficial to the analysis and protection of the fault. (3) to study the fault risk assessment method of the power CPS information equipment based on the hierarchical structure model. First, the coupling model of the power CPS information system in the hierarchical structure system is established. Then, an evaluation algorithm based on the hierarchical analysis (AHP) is used as the output function of the coupling model, and the evaluation index is selected as the evaluation index. For the input of the model, the fault risk of the information equipment is the model output. The model considers the static relationship between the information system and the information system and the power system, and can evaluate the static risk of the power CPS information system. Finally, the D2-1 type substation is selected as an example to evaluate the equipment fault risk, and the evaluation results are given. The actual situation is consistent, which validates the effectiveness of the method. (4) to study the cross space transmission mechanism of the security risk of the information system in the power CPS and the security risk assessment based on the improved attack graph. First, on the basis of the analysis of the risk of the information system in the power CPS, the basic mode of the inter space transmission of the electrical force CPS risk is expounded. According to the improved attack map, the power CPS security risk propagation model is set up, which takes information equipment, electric power business and power system fault as node, establishes the risk propagation path, and calculates the sensitivity of the node and attack path to the information equipment fault propagation by improving the attack graph. Force CPS takes comprehensive safety assessment considering dynamic timing.

【學位授予單位】：武漢大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM73

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