本文選題：風電 + 抽水蓄能電站��； 參考：《蘭州理工大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：伴隨著經(jīng)濟的快速發(fā)展,人們對能源的需求也越來越高,但是化石能源畢竟是有限的,而且這些例如煤炭等化石能源的燃燒對環(huán)境的破壞也是不可逆的,因此,清潔可再生能源的發(fā)展開始備受人們的關(guān)注。風能是一種天然取之不盡用之不竭的可再生能源,因為其綠色環(huán)保無污染,受到了人們的廣泛關(guān)注。但是風能不可控,風能的隨機性和波動性影響了電網(wǎng)供電的質(zhì)量和穩(wěn)定性,成為制約風電產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的主要原因。每年全國都有大量風電因無法并網(wǎng)而浪費,其中西北地區(qū)尤為嚴重。西北地區(qū)風能資源富庶,占全國風能總量的40%,然而由于在電網(wǎng)末端,距離負荷集中區(qū)較遠,導致西北地區(qū)的風電發(fā)展緩慢,并網(wǎng)風電量低,棄風現(xiàn)象嚴重。因此,有必要采用新的模式和方法將風電儲存起來,轉(zhuǎn)換為穩(wěn)定的、高質(zhì)量的電能并網(wǎng)。抽水蓄能電站是一種利用負荷低谷時的多余電能將下水庫的水抽至上水庫,在負荷高峰時放水發(fā)電的特殊形式水電站,其最大的優(yōu)勢就是調(diào)峰填谷,還有儲量大、可調(diào)頻、調(diào)相等優(yōu)勢,所以抽水蓄能電站成為了與風電配合的最優(yōu)選擇之一。風電與抽水蓄能電站聯(lián)合運行,通過風電轉(zhuǎn)化為水電的過程,使風電并網(wǎng)可控,增加并網(wǎng)風電量,提高電網(wǎng)的供電質(zhì)量和穩(wěn)定性,減少棄風等的能源浪費。基于上述研究背景,本文立足西北地區(qū),主要研究的成果如下:首先針對抽水蓄能電站的選址問題,通過對國內(nèi)已建或在建的抽水蓄能電站站址的調(diào)查與比對,從水源、水頭、距高比、地理環(huán)境等方面進行比較,總結(jié)出了抽水蓄能電站的選址依據(jù)及影響因素,再結(jié)合西北地區(qū)特有的自然環(huán)境,并以甘肅抽水蓄能電站選點為例,論證選址的依據(jù)和影響因素;其次,針對風電-抽水蓄能電站優(yōu)化的問題,在介紹了風力發(fā)電的原理、風電并網(wǎng)問題以及風蓄互補和遺傳算法理論知識的基礎(chǔ)上,以不同電力并網(wǎng)電價分為峰、平、谷三個時段,應用Matlab遺傳算法工具箱進行優(yōu)化計算,研究結(jié)果表明:當風電沒有配置抽水蓄能電站時的一天效益為2376.772萬元,配置了抽水蓄能電站后的效益增加到2409.1萬元,增加了32.328萬元。風電場配置抽水蓄能電站,可有效的增加并網(wǎng)電量,減少棄風,平滑風電出力,提高了整體的經(jīng)濟效益。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy, the demand for energy is increasing, but fossil energy is limited, and the combustion of fossil energy such as coal is irreversible. The development of clean and renewable energy has attracted people's attention. Wind energy is an inexhaustible renewable energy, because of its green environment and no pollution, people pay more attention to it. But wind energy is out of control, the randomness and fluctuation of wind energy affect the quality and stability of power supply, and become the main reason of restricting the development of wind power industry. Every year, a large number of wind power is wasted in the country, especially in the northwest. The northwest region is rich in wind energy resources, accounting for 40% of the total wind energy in China. However, because of the distance between the end of the power grid and the load concentration area, the development of wind power in the northwest region is slow, the amount of wind power connected to the grid is low, and the phenomenon of wind abandonment is serious. Therefore, it is necessary to use new modes and methods to store wind power and convert it into stable and high quality electric energy. Pumped-storage power station is a kind of special type hydropower station that uses surplus electric energy from the bottom of the load to drain the water from the lower reservoir. At the peak of the load, the special type of hydropower station can generate electricity with water. Its biggest advantage is peak load regulation and valley filling, as well as its large reserves and frequency modulation. Because of the advantages of phase modulation, Pumped-storage power station has become one of the best choices to cooperate with wind power. Combined operation of wind power and pumped storage power station, through the process of converting wind power into hydropower, the wind power can be controlled, the amount of wind power can be increased, the quality and stability of power supply will be improved, and the waste of energy will be reduced. Based on the above research background, this paper is based on the northwest region, and the main research results are as follows: firstly, in view of the location problem of pumped storage power station, through the investigation and comparison of the site of the existing or under construction pumped storage power station in China, from the source of water, water head, Compared with the distance ratio, geographical environment and so on, the paper summarized the location basis and influencing factors of pumped storage power station, combined with the unique natural environment of northwest region, and took Gansu pumped-storage power station as an example. Secondly, aiming at the optimization of wind-pumped storage power station, the principle of wind power generation, the problem of wind power grid connection, the knowledge of wind storage complementarity and genetic algorithm theory are introduced. According to the three periods of peak, level and valley, the optimal calculation is carried out by using Matlab genetic algorithm toolbox. The results show that the daily benefit is 23.76772 million yuan when wind power is not equipped with pumped storage power station. The benefit of Pumped-storage power station is increased to 24.091 million yuan, 323280 yuan. The configuration of pumped storage power station in wind farm can effectively increase the electricity connected to the grid, reduce the abandoned wind, smooth the wind power, and improve the overall economic benefit.
【學位授予單位】：蘭州理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TV743;TM614

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