本文選題：調控一體化 + 繼電保護仿真　； 參考：《中國電力科學研究院》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著國家電網公司“三集五大”體系建設的推進,調控分離、分散監(jiān)控的變電站運行管理模式已不能滿足電網“大運行”體系的要求,需要深入研究支撐調控一體化運行的調度技術支持系統(tǒng)規(guī)范、平臺支撐關鍵技術和應用關鍵技術。因此,需要建立一套高效、全面、系統(tǒng)的專業(yè)化調控運行人員培訓模擬系統(tǒng),支撐“大運行”體系建設。調控運行人員培訓模擬系統(tǒng)關鍵是要建立調控范圍內所有廠站二次設備詳細模型,實現(xiàn)基于二次系統(tǒng)運行機理的全景全維度仿真,保證在事故情況下調控系統(tǒng)信息的完整性和真實性。繼電保護裝置是二次系統(tǒng)中的重要設備,繼電保護仿真用于培訓調控運行人員異常事故處理的能力,對于保證電網安全穩(wěn)定的運行有著非常重要的意義。本文簡要介紹了國內外繼電保護數字仿真技術研究現(xiàn)狀,總結了目前存在的問題,三種繼電保護仿真方法優(yōu)缺點明顯,都無法完全滿足大電網的運行要求。本文對傳統(tǒng)的三種繼電保護仿真方法進行了比較總結:邏輯判別法無需經過故障計算可由拓撲分析和保護運行規(guī)則來給出保護裝置的動作信息,雖然速度快,但對于多電源的復雜網絡,邏輯關系過于復雜,以致于無法實現(xiàn);定值判斷仿真需根據電網故障計算各電氣量值的變化來驅動繼電保護動作,雖然結果準確,但過于依賴電網運行結果,保護參數的維護工作量很大;案例法是先離線算好保護的動作結果,然后再逐一執(zhí)行,靈活性差。本文從方向和距離保護的繼電保護原理出發(fā),提出了一種新的繼電保護仿真方法——方向距離法。方向距離法結合邏輯判斷法與定值比較法的優(yōu)點,在邏輯法拓撲分析的基礎上,引入了短路功率方向,彌補了單一邏輯法缺乏必要故障計算信息就無法判斷方向保護動作的問題。相對于定值比較法來說,用故障等值距離來取代阻抗的值,簡化了保護定值的計算;既能實現(xiàn)復雜電網的幾乎所有故障,又不用去維護大量的電氣參數和保護定值。方向距離法集合了邏輯判斷法和定值比較法的優(yōu)點,特別適合用于電力仿真培訓系統(tǒng)的應用。本文詳細闡述了方向距離法的原理依據、應用范圍和仿真步驟,并介紹了如何利用方向距離法實現(xiàn)對線路、變壓器、機組和母線保護裝置的仿真。最后,以實際工程用500kV德勝站永德I線線路近區(qū)永久A相接地短路故障的處理,驗證本文成果的正確性和實用性。
[Abstract]:With the development of the "three sets and five" system construction in State Grid Company, the substation operation management mode, which is separated by regulation and decentralized monitoring, can no longer meet the requirements of the "large operation" system of the power grid. It is necessary to deeply study the specification of scheduling technology supporting system, the key technology of platform support and the key technology of application. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a set of efficient, comprehensive and systematic training simulation system for professional regulation and control operators to support the construction of "large operation" system. The key of the training simulation system is to establish the detailed model of secondary equipment in all the plants and stations in the scope of regulation and control, and realize the panoramic full-dimension simulation based on the operation mechanism of the secondary system. Ensure the integrity and authenticity of system information in case of accident. Relay protection device is an important equipment in secondary system. Relay protection simulation is very important to ensure the safe and stable operation of power network. This paper briefly introduces the research status of digital simulation technology of relay protection at home and abroad, and summarizes the existing problems. The advantages and disadvantages of the three simulation methods of relay protection are obvious, and none of them can fully meet the operational requirements of large power grid. In this paper, three traditional simulation methods of relay protection are compared and summarized: the logic discriminant method can give the action information of the protective device by topology analysis and protection operation rule without fault calculation, although the speed is high, However, for the complex network with multiple power sources, the logic relationship is too complicated to be realized. The simulation of fixed value judgment needs to drive the relay protection operation according to the variation of the electrical values calculated by the fault of the power network, although the results are accurate. But it is too dependent on the operation result of the power network, the maintenance work of the protection parameter is very large, and the case law is to calculate the action result of the protection first, then execute it one by one, so the flexibility is not good. Based on the principle of relay protection for directional and distance protection, a new simulation method of relay protection, directional distance method, is proposed in this paper. The directional distance method combines the advantages of the logic judgment method and the fixed value comparison method. Based on the topological analysis of the logic method, the short circuit power direction is introduced. It makes up for the problem that the single logic method can not judge the direction protection operation without necessary fault calculation information. Compared with the constant value comparison method, the fault equivalent distance is used to replace the impedance value, which simplifies the calculation of the protection setting value. It can not only realize almost all the faults of the complex power network, but also do not need to maintain a large number of electrical parameters and protection values. The directional distance method combines the advantages of the logic judgment method and the fixed value comparison method, and is especially suitable for the application of electric power simulation training system. In this paper, the principle basis, application range and simulation steps of directional distance method are described in detail, and how to use directional distance method to simulate line, transformer, unit and busbar protection device is introduced. Finally, the correctness and practicability of this paper are verified by the treatment of permanent A ground short-circuit fault in the near area of Yongde I line of 500kV Desheng Station in actual engineering.
【學位授予單位】：中國電力科學研究院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM77

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