本文選題：二次再熱機(jī)組 + 碳捕集　； 參考：《華北電力大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：對(duì)傳統(tǒng)燃煤機(jī)組進(jìn)行捕碳改造,可以明顯降低機(jī)組CO_2排放率,但是由于捕碳系統(tǒng)會(huì)抽取大量蒸汽,導(dǎo)致改造后機(jī)組偏離最佳運(yùn)行工況,嚴(yán)重降低機(jī)組熱經(jīng)濟(jì)性。如何使機(jī)組在捕碳的同時(shí)具有較高的熱經(jīng)濟(jì)性,是目前一個(gè)亟待解決的問題。本文以某660MW二次再熱機(jī)組為參考機(jī)組,對(duì)機(jī)組與捕碳系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)化集成展開深入研究。使用機(jī)組熱力系統(tǒng)抽汽,為采用單乙醇胺(MEA)作為吸收劑的化學(xué)吸收法的捕碳系統(tǒng)提供能量。提出捕碳系統(tǒng)與機(jī)組集成的常規(guī)改造方案,構(gòu)建改造方案下的機(jī)組熱力系統(tǒng),對(duì)機(jī)組循環(huán)熱效率進(jìn)行計(jì)算。針對(duì)改造方案存在的不足,提出了一種引入捕碳汽輪機(jī)的改進(jìn)設(shè)計(jì)集成方案,對(duì)改進(jìn)設(shè)計(jì)方案的汽水分布方程和機(jī)組循環(huán)熱效率計(jì)算式進(jìn)行推導(dǎo),并引入動(dòng)態(tài)自適應(yīng)粒子群優(yōu)化算法,對(duì)改進(jìn)設(shè)計(jì)方案的系統(tǒng)參數(shù)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化計(jì)算。通過對(duì)比,發(fā)現(xiàn)100%負(fù)荷及75%負(fù)荷下改進(jìn)設(shè)計(jì)機(jī)組熱經(jīng)濟(jì)性及減排效果均明顯好于常規(guī)改造機(jī)組。100%負(fù)荷下改進(jìn)設(shè)計(jì)機(jī)組比常規(guī)改造機(jī)組發(fā)電標(biāo)準(zhǔn)煤耗率降低了10.32g/(kW·h),CO_2排放率降低了4.07g/(kW·h)。對(duì)抽汽過熱度及火用損失進(jìn)行了對(duì)比分析后發(fā)現(xiàn),捕碳汽輪機(jī)的引入可以有效減少熱力系統(tǒng)火用損失,對(duì)改進(jìn)設(shè)計(jì)機(jī)組有明顯的降耗效應(yīng)。將間接發(fā)生蒸汽的槽式太陽(yáng)能集熱系統(tǒng)引入二次再熱燃煤-捕碳機(jī)組。提出太陽(yáng)能與捕碳系統(tǒng)集成及太陽(yáng)能與回?zé)嵯到y(tǒng)集成這兩種集成方案以及每種方案的可選系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu),推導(dǎo)通用汽水分布方程。對(duì)不同方案進(jìn)行分析評(píng)價(jià),找到太陽(yáng)能集熱系統(tǒng)與二次再熱燃煤-捕碳系統(tǒng)集成的最佳方案。通過對(duì)比,發(fā)現(xiàn)太陽(yáng)能為改進(jìn)設(shè)計(jì)方案的1號(hào)高壓加熱器供能時(shí)機(jī)組熱經(jīng)濟(jì)性和技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)性均為最優(yōu),是最佳集成方案。該方案可使改進(jìn)設(shè)計(jì)機(jī)組發(fā)電標(biāo)準(zhǔn)煤耗率降低21.89g/(kW·h),CO_2排放率降低8.64g/(kW·h)。
[Abstract]:The carbon capture transformation of traditional coal-fired units can obviously reduce the CO_2 emission rate of the units, but the carbon capture system will extract a large amount of steam, which leads to the deviation of the units from the optimal operating conditions and seriously reduces the thermal economy of the units. How to make the unit carbon capture at the same time has a higher thermal economy, is a problem to be solved. In this paper, a 660MW secondary reheat unit is used as a reference unit, and the optimization integration between the unit and the carbon capture system is studied in depth. The extraction of steam from unit thermodynamic system provides energy for carbon capture system using monoethanolamine (MEA) as absorbent. The conventional retrofit scheme of carbon capture system and unit integration is put forward, and the unit thermal system under the transformation scheme is constructed, and the cycle heat efficiency of the unit is calculated. In view of the shortcomings of the retrofit scheme, an improved design integration scheme with carbon capture steam turbine is put forward. The steam water distribution equation of the improved design scheme and the calculation formula of unit cycle heat efficiency are derived. The dynamic adaptive particle swarm optimization algorithm is introduced to optimize the system parameters of the improved design scheme. By comparison, it is found that the thermal economy and emission reduction effect of the improved design unit under 100% and 75% load are obviously better than that of the conventional retrofit unit under .100% load. Compared with the conventional retrofit unit, the standard coal consumption rate of the improved design unit is lower than that of the conventional retrofit unit, and the emission rate of 10.32g/(kW / CO _ 2 decreases the 4.07g/(kW _ hh _ 2 emission rate. It is found that the introduction of carbon capture steam turbine can effectively reduce the exergy loss of thermal system and has obvious effect on reducing the consumption of improved design units by comparing and analyzing the overheating degree and exergy loss of extraction steam turbine. The trough solar energy collector system with indirect steam generation is introduced into the secondary reheat coal-carbon-capture unit. Two integrated schemes of solar energy and carbon capture system and solar energy and heat recovery system are presented, and the alternative system structure of each scheme is presented. The general distribution equation of steam and water is derived. Different schemes were analyzed and evaluated to find the best scheme for the integration of solar energy collection system and secondary reheat coal-carbon capture system. Through comparison, it is found that the thermal economy and technical economy of the No. 1 high-pressure heater with solar energy as the improved design scheme are the best and the best integration scheme. The scheme can reduce the standard coal consumption rate of the improved design unit and reduce the emission rate of 21.89g/(kW hu / CO _ 2 and reduce the 8.64g/(kW hu ~ (2) emission rate.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM621

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