本文選題：爆破振動(dòng)荷載 + 建(構(gòu))筑物��； 參考：《湖南科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：爆破技術(shù)以其高效、經(jīng)濟(jì)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)被普遍地用于各個(gè)領(lǐng)域,但所帶來(lái)的負(fù)面效應(yīng)也多,其中最為嚴(yán)重的是振動(dòng)效應(yīng)。爆破振動(dòng)波傳播到附近建(構(gòu))筑物后,會(huì)起建(構(gòu))筑物的位移、速度及應(yīng)力等發(fā)生變化,帶來(lái)一定的安全隱患。因此有必要對(duì)爆破振動(dòng)荷載作用下建(構(gòu))筑物的位移、速度響應(yīng)規(guī)律進(jìn)行深入的研究。本文先對(duì)爆破振動(dòng)波的形成、參數(shù)以及影響因素等方面進(jìn)行全面的分析。然后再?gòu)慕?構(gòu))筑物的結(jié)構(gòu)特性入手,對(duì)爆破振動(dòng)荷載作用下建(構(gòu))筑物發(fā)生共振的現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行了理論分析,推導(dǎo)了單、多自由度體系建(構(gòu))筑物在爆破振動(dòng)荷載作用下的振動(dòng)方程,通過(guò)簡(jiǎn)化爆破振動(dòng)荷載,獲得了建(構(gòu))筑物的位移、速度曲線。以廣東陸豐核電站的爆破開(kāi)挖為工程背景,利用大型有限元軟件ANSYS/LS-DYNA建立燈塔模型,分析燈塔在爆破振動(dòng)荷載作用下的位移、速度響應(yīng)規(guī)律。數(shù)值分析表明,在單次爆破振動(dòng)荷載作用下,燈塔在垂直向的位移、速度響應(yīng)均大于水平向;多次循環(huán)爆破下,當(dāng)爆破振動(dòng)荷載較小時(shí),燈塔不會(huì)遭到破壞,而爆破振動(dòng)荷載達(dá)到一定值后,燈塔會(huì)遭到破壞。結(jié)合數(shù)值計(jì)算和爆破安全規(guī)程中的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),提出在燈塔附近爆破時(shí),燈塔的最大振動(dòng)速度不超過(guò)V=4cm/s�，F(xiàn)場(chǎng)監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)表明,燈塔垂直向振動(dòng)速度大于水平徑向和切向,隨燈塔測(cè)點(diǎn)的增高,振動(dòng)速度增大,而振動(dòng)頻率有減小趨勢(shì)。通過(guò)對(duì)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)分析,獲得了爆破振動(dòng)波的衰減公式和主頻分布,提出了一些降振措施并用于現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)踐,取得了良好的降振效果。同時(shí),監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)表明,爆破引起的燈塔最大振動(dòng)速度未超過(guò)V(28)0.4 cm/s的安全值,燈塔未發(fā)生破壞。
[Abstract]:Blasting technology is widely used in various fields because of its high efficiency and economic advantages, but it brings many negative effects, the most serious of which is vibration effect.When the blasting vibration wave propagates to the nearby building, the displacement, velocity and stress of the building will change, which will bring some hidden danger to safety.Therefore, it is necessary to study the displacement and velocity response of the building under blasting vibration load.In this paper, the formation, parameters and influencing factors of blasting vibration wave are analyzed.Then, starting with the structural characteristics of the building, the resonance phenomenon of the building under blasting vibration load is analyzed theoretically, and the single structure is deduced.The vibration equation of multi-degree of freedom system under blasting vibration load is obtained. By simplifying the blasting vibration load, the displacement and velocity curves of the building are obtained.Based on the blasting excavation of Lufeng Nuclear Power Station in Guangdong Province, a lighthouse model was established by using the finite element software ANSYS/LS-DYNA, and the displacement and velocity response of the lighthouse under blasting vibration load was analyzed.Numerical analysis shows that under the action of single blasting vibration load, the vertical displacement and velocity response of the lighthouse are all larger than that of the horizontal direction, and under repeated cyclic blasting, the lighthouse will not be damaged when the blasting vibration load is small.When the blasting vibration load reaches a certain value, the lighthouse will be destroyed.Combined with the numerical calculation and the standard of blasting safety code, it is proposed that the maximum vibration velocity of the lighthouse is less than 4 cm / s when it is blasted near the lighthouse.The field monitoring data show that the vertical vibration velocity of the lighthouse is larger than that of horizontal radial and tangential direction, and the vibration velocity increases and the vibration frequency decreases with the increase of the lighthouse measuring point.The attenuation formula and main frequency distribution of blasting vibration wave are obtained by analyzing the field monitoring data. Some measures for reducing vibration are put forward and applied to the field practice, and good vibration reduction effect is obtained.At the same time, the monitoring data show that the maximum vibration velocity caused by blasting is not higher than the safe value of V _ (28) 0. 4 cm/s, and the lighthouse has not been damaged.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM623

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