本文選題：電力系統(tǒng)　切入點：備用配置　出處：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年博士論文

【摘要】：合理預(yù)留備用是保證電網(wǎng)安全穩(wěn)定和經(jīng)濟運行必不可少的技術(shù)手段。大容量交直流傳輸通道的投運和大規(guī)模新能源的接入等增加了電網(wǎng)自身運行的不確定性,節(jié)能減排、綠色調(diào)度和新能源消納等增加了電網(wǎng)外部環(huán)境的多變性,使電力系統(tǒng)的備用問題面臨諸多新的挑戰(zhàn)。柔性負(fù)荷的涌現(xiàn)為采用智能需求側(cè)響應(yīng)技術(shù)輔助電網(wǎng)運行備用配置與合理使用過程的風(fēng)險管控提供了新的思路。論文基于風(fēng)險量化,分別就電網(wǎng)備用容量協(xié)調(diào)分配、直接負(fù)荷參與一次調(diào)頻、柔性負(fù)荷參與二次調(diào)頻和備用配置與緊急切負(fù)荷協(xié)調(diào)優(yōu)化等問題進行了深入研究。首先,綜合考慮事故發(fā)生的概率和不良后果,計及備用對系統(tǒng)可靠性的影響,對備用容量配置和配置不足產(chǎn)生的風(fēng)險分別量化并建立反映事故后果不良程度的指標(biāo),在此基礎(chǔ)上追加考慮和綜合兼顧系統(tǒng)供電可靠性與經(jīng)濟性的備用配置方案評價指標(biāo)。計及決策者對系統(tǒng)可靠性和經(jīng)濟性的差異化要求,按照區(qū)域事故備用配置風(fēng)險指標(biāo)評估結(jié)果分?jǐn)傁到y(tǒng)事故備用總?cè)萘?從而提出了風(fēng)險量化的系統(tǒng)事故備用容量協(xié)調(diào)分配方法。算例分析表明,方法能夠通過備用容量的區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)優(yōu)化分配,使系統(tǒng)總事故備用風(fēng)險得以合理疏解。針對系統(tǒng)一次調(diào)頻容量的不足,研究了直接負(fù)荷控制參與一次調(diào)頻備用的問題。借助直接負(fù)荷控制頻率調(diào)節(jié)系數(shù)和發(fā)電機組調(diào)差系數(shù),給出了分析直接負(fù)荷控制和發(fā)電機組提供一次調(diào)頻備用對系統(tǒng)頻率恢復(fù)效果的數(shù)學(xué)表達(dá);綜合有功缺額發(fā)生的概率、備用容量成本系統(tǒng)可靠性和經(jīng)濟性,建立了協(xié)調(diào)直接負(fù)荷控制參與一次調(diào)頻備用的優(yōu)化模型,改善了頻率恢復(fù)效果。在分析柔性負(fù)荷運行特性和舒適度保證前提下參與系統(tǒng)二次調(diào)頻能力的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)電側(cè)與柔性負(fù)荷參與二次調(diào)頻的、以系統(tǒng)總成本最小為目標(biāo)函數(shù)的風(fēng)險量化備用容量優(yōu)化調(diào)配方法,并在所建模型中包含用戶舒適度、響應(yīng)容量、響應(yīng)次數(shù)等約束。算例分析表明,方法能夠在舒適度保證前提下改善柔性負(fù)荷參與系統(tǒng)二次調(diào)頻時的技術(shù)經(jīng)濟性能。針對系統(tǒng)緊急事故備用的不足,研究了一、二次調(diào)頻備用配置與緊急切負(fù)荷協(xié)調(diào)的問題。結(jié)合一、二次調(diào)頻備用配置成本和緊急切負(fù)荷代價,綜合考慮故障概率和動態(tài)過程中頻率恢復(fù)效果,提出了頻率恢復(fù)因子的概念,并構(gòu)建了以穩(wěn)態(tài)運行約束和暫態(tài)穩(wěn)定判據(jù)為約束條件、以總成本最小為優(yōu)化目標(biāo)函數(shù)的協(xié)調(diào)優(yōu)化模型。由線性規(guī)劃方法可求得負(fù)荷參與不同時間尺度備用與緊急切負(fù)荷進行協(xié)調(diào)時的容量配置結(jié)果,達(dá)到最小化系統(tǒng)運行控制成本的目的。以江蘇電網(wǎng)開展的“源網(wǎng)荷友好互動”工程為背景,分別從總體功能、設(shè)計思路及系統(tǒng)架構(gòu)等角度分析了該工程在備用配置和備用協(xié)調(diào)等方面的技術(shù)和工程可行性。
[Abstract]:Reasonable reserve reserve is an essential technical means to ensure the safety, stability and economic operation of power grid.The operation of large capacity AC / DC transmission channels and large-scale access to new energy sources increase the uncertainty of the power grid's own operation, such as energy saving and emission reduction, green dispatch and new energy consumption, etc., which increase the variability of the external environment of the power network.The standby problem of power system is faced with many new challenges.The emergence of flexible load provides a new idea for the use of intelligent demand side response technology to assist the backup configuration of power grid and the risk control in the process of rational use.Based on risk quantification, the problems of coordinated allocation of reserve capacity, direct load participating in primary frequency modulation, flexible load participating in secondary frequency modulation and coordination optimization of reserve configuration and emergency load shedding are studied in this paper.First of all, considering the probability and adverse consequences of the accident, considering the impact of reserve on system reliability, quantifying the risk caused by the allocation of reserve capacity and insufficient allocation, and establishing an index reflecting the adverse degree of accident consequences.On this basis, the evaluation index of reserve configuration scheme considering and synthetically considering the reliability and economy of power supply system is added.Considering the difference between system reliability and economy, according to the assessment result of regional accident reserve allocation risk index, this paper proposes a coordinated allocation method of system accident reserve capacity based on risk quantification.The analysis of an example shows that the method can optimize the allocation of reserve capacity by regional coordination, so that the reserve risk of total accident of the system can be reasonably reduced.Aiming at the deficiency of the primary frequency modulation capacity of the system, the problem of direct load control participating in the primary frequency modulation reserve is studied.With the help of direct load control frequency regulation coefficient and generator unit adjustment coefficient, the mathematical expression of frequency recovery effect of direct load control and primary frequency modulation reserve provided by generator set is given.Based on reliability and economy of reserve capacity cost system, the optimal model of coordinated direct load control to participate in primary frequency modulation reserve is established, which improves the effect of frequency recovery.On the basis of analyzing the operating characteristics of flexible load and the guarantee of comfort, the paper puts forward that the power generation side and the flexible load participate in the secondary frequency modulation under the premise of participating in the secondary frequency modulation of the system.Taking the minimum total cost of the system as the objective function, the optimal allocation method of risk quantized reserve capacity is presented, and the constraints of user comfort, response capacity, response times and so on are included in the established model.The example analysis shows that the method can improve the technical and economic performance of the flexible load participating in the secondary frequency modulation of the system under the condition of comfort.Aiming at the shortage of system emergency standby, the coordination of the first and second frequency modulation standby configuration and the emergency load shedding is studied.The concept of frequency recovery factor is put forward by considering the failure probability and the effect of frequency recovery in dynamic process, combined with the cost of primary and secondary frequency modulation standby configuration and the cost of emergency load shedding, and considering the probability of failure and the effect of frequency recovery in dynamic process.A coordinated optimization model with steady operation constraints and transient stability criteria as constraints and the minimum total cost as the optimization objective function is constructed.The linear programming method can be used to obtain the capacity allocation results when the load is coordinated with emergency shedding load in different time scales, which can minimize the operation control cost of the system.Based on the "source-network-friendly interaction" project carried out by Jiangsu Power Grid, the technical and engineering feasibility of the project in standby configuration and backup coordination is analyzed from the aspects of overall function, design idea and system architecture.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM732

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