發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-01 17:25

  本文選題：中小型　切入點(diǎn)：燈泡貫流式水輪發(fā)電機(jī)　出處：《重慶理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：開(kāi)發(fā)和利用低水頭及超低水頭的水力資源,中小型燈泡貫流式水輪發(fā)電機(jī)組是最佳的機(jī)組型式。由于中小型燈泡貫流式水輪發(fā)電機(jī)組受制于安裝空間和結(jié)構(gòu)形式,相較于其它類型的水力發(fā)電機(jī),隨著單機(jī)容量的不斷提高,其結(jié)構(gòu)更緊湊,通風(fēng)散熱條件更差,各部件溫升更高,嚴(yán)重影響發(fā)電機(jī)的正常使用壽命和運(yùn)行的可靠性。因此,在發(fā)電機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)、制造過(guò)程中,需要準(zhǔn)確計(jì)算和分析發(fā)電機(jī)的溫度場(chǎng)分布。然而,以往在計(jì)算發(fā)電機(jī)熱源損耗及其內(nèi)部溫度時(shí)主要依靠傳統(tǒng)公式和設(shè)計(jì)經(jīng)驗(yàn),無(wú)法準(zhǔn)確描述發(fā)電機(jī)內(nèi)溫度場(chǎng)分布。本研究以某一型號(hào)中小型燈泡貫流式水輪發(fā)電機(jī)為研究對(duì)象,利用數(shù)值模擬方法,從熱源損耗、多物理耦合場(chǎng)和通風(fēng)散熱結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化的角度對(duì)發(fā)電機(jī)溫度場(chǎng)展開(kāi)了計(jì)算和分析。首先,根據(jù)發(fā)電機(jī)基本結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸生成二維幾何模型;建立了二維電磁場(chǎng)有限元分析模型并確定了發(fā)電機(jī)試驗(yàn)工況和額定工況下的勵(lì)磁參數(shù)和邊界條件;利用有限元法分別計(jì)算了發(fā)電機(jī)定子原結(jié)構(gòu)和兩種改造結(jié)構(gòu)的時(shí)均鐵耗分布。其次,根據(jù)傳熱學(xué)、計(jì)算流體動(dòng)力學(xué)以及多物理場(chǎng)耦合理論,建立了發(fā)電機(jī)熱流耦合溫度場(chǎng)數(shù)值計(jì)算三維模型;以電磁場(chǎng)有限元計(jì)算得到的定子時(shí)均鐵耗以及UDF編程得到定轉(zhuǎn)子銅耗為熱源,計(jì)算了發(fā)電機(jī)在試驗(yàn)工況下的溫度場(chǎng);結(jié)合現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù),驗(yàn)證了所施加邊界條件的準(zhǔn)確性;對(duì)額定工況下發(fā)電機(jī)的溫度場(chǎng)進(jìn)行了計(jì)算分析并討論了入口冷卻風(fēng)速大小和定子有無(wú)軛部通風(fēng)孔對(duì)發(fā)電機(jī)各部件溫升的影響;對(duì)發(fā)電機(jī)定子通風(fēng)散熱結(jié)構(gòu)提出了增設(shè)齒部通風(fēng)槽、增大定子線圈截面、適當(dāng)減少定子軛部通風(fēng)孔的優(yōu)化改進(jìn)措施并分別進(jìn)行了數(shù)值計(jì)算和數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)比分析。最后,基于優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)理論,運(yùn)用DOE實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)方法對(duì)發(fā)電機(jī)定子通風(fēng)散熱結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)(定子軛部通風(fēng)孔、定子齒部通風(fēng)槽的大小、位置共四個(gè)參數(shù))進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì);最終獲得了定子通風(fēng)散熱的結(jié)構(gòu)最優(yōu)參數(shù),進(jìn)一步降低了定子線圈最高溫升。論文通過(guò)對(duì)發(fā)電機(jī)熱流耦合溫度場(chǎng)的研究,旨在利用有限元數(shù)值計(jì)算方法得到發(fā)電機(jī)內(nèi)部的溫度場(chǎng)分布,提高研發(fā)能力。數(shù)值計(jì)算結(jié)果與實(shí)際測(cè)量結(jié)果的對(duì)比數(shù)據(jù)表明,利用熱流耦合數(shù)值計(jì)算方法得到的發(fā)電機(jī)定轉(zhuǎn)子溫度場(chǎng)具有一定準(zhǔn)確性和真實(shí)性,能夠?yàn)閷?shí)際工程應(yīng)用提供設(shè)計(jì)依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:For the development and utilization of low and ultra-low water head hydraulic resources, the small and medium-sized bulb tubular turbine generator is the best type of unit. Because the medium and small bulb tubular turbine generator sets are subject to the installation space and structure, Compared with other types of hydraulic generators, with the continuous increase of the single unit capacity, its structure is more compact, the ventilation and heat dissipation conditions are worse, and the temperature rise of the components is higher, which seriously affects the normal service life and the reliability of the generator. In the process of generator design and manufacture, it is necessary to accurately calculate and analyze the temperature field distribution of the generator. However, in the past, the traditional formula and design experience were used to calculate the heat source loss and internal temperature of the generator. The temperature field distribution in the generator can not be accurately described. In this study, a small and medium-sized bulb tubular hydrogenerator is used as the research object, and the loss of heat source is obtained by using numerical simulation method. The temperature field of generator is calculated and analyzed from the angle of multi-physical coupling field and optimization of ventilation heat dissipation structure. Firstly, the two-dimensional geometric model is generated according to the basic structure size of generator. The finite element analysis model of two-dimensional electromagnetic field is established and the excitation parameters and boundary conditions of generator under test and rated conditions are determined. Using finite element method, the time-averaged iron consumption distributions of the original structure of generator stator and the two modified structures are calculated, respectively. Secondly, according to the theory of heat transfer, computational fluid dynamics and multi-physical field coupling, A three-dimensional model for the coupled heat flow temperature field of the generator is established, and the temperature field of the generator under the test condition is calculated by using the finite element calculation of the electromagnetic field and the copper consumption of the stator and rotor obtained by UDF programming. The accuracy of the applied boundary conditions is verified by the field measured data. The temperature field of the generator under rated working conditions is calculated and analyzed, and the influence of inlet cooling wind speed and stator yoke vent on the temperature rise of generator components is discussed. For the ventilation and heat dissipation structure of generator stator, the author puts forward the optimization and improvement measures of adding teeth ventilation slot, increasing stator coil section, appropriately reducing ventilation holes in stator yoke, and carries out numerical calculation and data comparison and analysis respectively. Based on the theory of optimal design, the structural parameters of generator stator ventilation and heat dissipation (stator yoke ventilation hole, stator tooth ventilation slot size and position) are optimized by using DOE experimental design method. Finally, the optimal structural parameters of stator ventilation and heat dissipation are obtained, and the maximum temperature rise of stator coil is further reduced. The purpose of this paper is to obtain the temperature field distribution inside the generator by using finite element numerical method, and to improve the R & D capability. The comparison between the numerical calculation results and the actual measurement results shows that, The temperature field of generator stator and rotor obtained by the coupled heat flow numerical calculation method has certain accuracy and authenticity, which can provide the design basis for practical engineering application.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM312

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