本文選題：鈣鈦礦太陽能電池　切入點(diǎn)：電子傳輸層　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：鈣鈦礦太陽能電池(Perovskite Solar Cell,PSC)作為第三代新型太陽能電池,因其具有較高的轉(zhuǎn)換效率、制備工藝比較簡單、成本比較低且可制備為柔性器件等優(yōu)點(diǎn),使研究者們?cè)谔柲茈姵仡I(lǐng)域又找到了新希望。電子傳輸層為電池器件中的重要組成部分,電子傳輸材料是指能夠傳輸電子載流子的材料,通常具有較高的光譜吸收系數(shù)、較大的介電常數(shù)和較小的激子束縛能的半導(dǎo)體材料,可以避免電荷積累對(duì)器件壽命的影響,可有效地起到運(yùn)輸電子并阻擋空穴的作用。本論文以開發(fā)低成本和高性能的鈣鈦礦太陽能電池為目標(biāo),主要從電子傳輸層材料的研究、電子傳輸層制作工藝的探索及光活性層的研究等三個(gè)方面入手,研制出高性能的鈣鈦礦太陽能電池。主要研究內(nèi)容:1.光活性層在鈣鈦礦太陽能電池中起著至關(guān)重要的作用,PSC光活性層的薄膜厚度、均勻度、結(jié)晶性和表面覆蓋率直接影響電池的性能,它在電池中起到吸收光子產(chǎn)生電子、空穴的作用。鈣鈦礦太陽能電池光活性層的制備工藝有很多種,主要?dú)w為四大類,一步溶液法、兩步溶液法、雙源共蒸發(fā)法、氣相輔助溶液法,本文主要采用一步旋涂的方法制備鈣鈦礦太陽能電池光活性層,通過控制一步法的退火時(shí)間、退火溫度和旋涂速率提高光活性層的成膜質(zhì)量,進(jìn)而提高了鈣鈦礦太陽能電池的性能。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,最佳的退火溫度為105℃,退火時(shí)間為10 min,旋涂速率為4000 rpm時(shí)器件性能得到較大的優(yōu)化。2.介孔層作為鈣鈦礦層的支架或多孔的載體,有利于鈣鈦礦層的成膜質(zhì)量比較均勻、致密、覆蓋率高等。二氧化鈦?zhàn)鳛榻榭讓邮且环N有序多孔的狀態(tài),它在鈣鈦礦太陽能電池中起到光催化劑的作用,在太陽光的照射下,它對(duì)產(chǎn)生電子和空穴對(duì)有著很大的幫助,經(jīng)化學(xué)反應(yīng)產(chǎn)生自由基,具有較強(qiáng)氧化性,可以將大多數(shù)的有機(jī)物氧化分解為無機(jī)物,進(jìn)而可以很大的提高電池的轉(zhuǎn)換效率。本文選用旋涂、水熱的方法作為介孔層薄膜的制備工藝,對(duì)介孔層制備工藝進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化,通過優(yōu)化實(shí)驗(yàn)確定出旋涂法制備的介孔層薄膜比較好,最佳的旋涂速率為4000 rpm,燒結(jié)溫度為500℃,30 min。3.致密層在鈣鈦礦太陽能電池中起到了傳輸電子及阻擋空穴的作用,它的存在能夠避免空穴與電子在界面處的復(fù)合,可以直接提高電池的性能。二氧化鈦致密層的制備工藝有很多種,主要?dú)w為三大類,分別是液相法、氣相法和固相法。本文選用旋涂、水熱的方法作為致密層薄膜的制備工藝,對(duì)致密層的制備工藝進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化,通過優(yōu)化實(shí)驗(yàn)確定出旋涂法制備的致密層薄膜比較好,最佳旋涂速率為2000 rpm,燒結(jié)溫度為500℃,燒結(jié)時(shí)間為30 min,將電池效率提高為16.2%。
[Abstract]:Perovskite Solar CellPSC (perovskite Solar) is a new type of solar cell, which has the advantages of high conversion efficiency, simple preparation process, low cost and flexible devices.This has given researchers new hope in the field of solar cells.The electron transport layer is an important part of the battery device. The electron transport material refers to the material which can transfer the electron carrier. It usually has high spectral absorption coefficient, large dielectric constant and small exciton binding energy.It can avoid the effect of charge accumulation on the lifetime of the device and can effectively transport electrons and block holes.The aim of this thesis is to develop low cost and high performance perovskite solar cells, mainly from three aspects: the study of electron transport layer material, the exploration of electron transport layer fabrication process and the study of photoactive layer.A high performance perovskite solar cell has been developed.The main research content is: 1.The photoactive layer plays an important role in the perovskite solar cell. The film thickness, uniformity, crystallinity and surface coverage of the photoactive layer of PSC have a direct impact on the performance of the cell.The action of a hole.The preparation process of photoactive layer of perovskite solar cell can be divided into four categories: one step solution method, two step solution method, two source co-evaporation method, gas phase auxiliary solution method,In this paper, the photoactive layer of perovskite solar cell is prepared by one-step spin coating method. The film quality of the photoactive layer is improved by controlling the annealing time, annealing temperature and spin-coating rate.Furthermore, the performance of perovskite solar cells is improved.The experimental results show that the optimum annealing temperature is 105 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1696000