本文選題：電勵(lì)磁雙凸極電機(jī)　切入點(diǎn)：轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動(dòng)抑制　出處：《南京航空航天大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：電勵(lì)磁雙凸極電機(jī)(Doubly Salient Electro-magnetic Machine,DSEM)具有結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單可靠、制造方便、氣隙磁通調(diào)節(jié)靈活等優(yōu)點(diǎn),且可實(shí)現(xiàn)起動(dòng)/發(fā)電一體化,因而在航空電源領(lǐng)域有著廣泛的應(yīng)用前景。但DSEM作為起動(dòng)機(jī)運(yùn)行時(shí)存在轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動(dòng)較大的問(wèn)題,且需位置傳感器提供準(zhǔn)確的位置信息以實(shí)現(xiàn)換相,這都降低了起動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的性能,也限制了其應(yīng)用范圍。因此本課題致力于DSEM起動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)化研究,研究?jī)?nèi)容包括控制策略的優(yōu)化和無(wú)位置傳感器低速起動(dòng)控制技術(shù)。本文以一臺(tái)18KW 12/8極結(jié)構(gòu)的DSEM為研究對(duì)象,解析了電機(jī)的數(shù)學(xué)模型,闡述了電動(dòng)運(yùn)行時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)矩的產(chǎn)生機(jī)理;并通過(guò)有限元軟件對(duì)其基本電磁特性進(jìn)行了分析,為研究電機(jī)控制策略的優(yōu)化奠定基礎(chǔ)。本文從電機(jī)換相、非導(dǎo)通相環(huán)流問(wèn)題以及轉(zhuǎn)矩特性方面對(duì)DSEM的四種控制策略進(jìn)行詳細(xì)分析,并得到如下結(jié)論:三狀態(tài)控制策略下電機(jī)換相時(shí)因續(xù)流而總會(huì)向電源回饋電能;三狀態(tài)提前角度控制策略下非導(dǎo)通相環(huán)流問(wèn)題較為嚴(yán)重;六狀態(tài)控制策略下非導(dǎo)通環(huán)流問(wèn)題可忽略,且轉(zhuǎn)矩特性較優(yōu);九狀態(tài)控制策略可使電機(jī)獲得最優(yōu)的轉(zhuǎn)矩特性,但是同時(shí)也增加了變換器下管的電流應(yīng)力。本文還研究了DSEM初始位置檢測(cè)技術(shù),基于脈沖注入基本原理研究了四種初始位置檢測(cè)方法:1)針對(duì)峰值電流響應(yīng)法在串聯(lián)電感曲線交叉位置易判斷出錯(cuò)的問(wèn)題,將全周期內(nèi)串聯(lián)電感進(jìn)行重新分區(qū),并優(yōu)化轉(zhuǎn)子位置判斷邏輯,可避免因電流檢測(cè)精度較低引起的初始定位失敗問(wèn)題;2)通過(guò)擬合響應(yīng)電流峰值與轉(zhuǎn)子位置的函數(shù)關(guān)系可得到精確的轉(zhuǎn)子位置;3)提出一種基于非導(dǎo)通相端電壓的相自感比較法及其改進(jìn)算法,可與電流響應(yīng)法互為備份;4)提出了一種基于相自感線性分區(qū)模型的精確初始定位算法,該方法不會(huì)受母線電壓變化的影響。本文還提出了基于電壓脈沖注入的低速無(wú)位置起動(dòng)控制方法,實(shí)現(xiàn)了電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)子位置閉環(huán)起動(dòng);分析了電樞反應(yīng)對(duì)理想換相點(diǎn)的影響,指出電樞反應(yīng)雖然造成電感波形畸變,但并不會(huì)使得理想換相點(diǎn)產(chǎn)生偏移;同時(shí)還對(duì)該方法進(jìn)行了誤差分析,指出電機(jī)實(shí)際換相位置與理想換相點(diǎn)的最大偏差為一個(gè)組合脈沖的寬度。最后,介紹了實(shí)驗(yàn)的硬件系統(tǒng)和軟件程序的流程圖,并進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證。
[Abstract]:Doubly Salient Electro-magnetic Machine (DSEM) has the advantages of simple and reliable structure, convenient manufacture, flexible air gap flux regulation, and can realize the integration of starting and generating, so it has a wide application prospect in the field of aviation power supply.However, DSEM has the problem of large torque ripple when it is running as starter, and needs position sensor to provide accurate position information to realize commutation, which reduces the performance of starting system and limits its application scope.Therefore, this thesis is devoted to the optimization research of DSEM starting control system, including the optimization of control strategy and the low speed starting control technology without position sensor.In this paper, a 18KW 12 / 8 pole structure DSEM is taken as the research object, the mathematical model of the motor is analyzed, the mechanism of the torque generation during the electric operation is expounded, and the basic electromagnetic characteristics of the motor are analyzed by the finite element software.It lays a foundation for the optimization of motor control strategy.In this paper, the four control strategies of DSEM are analyzed in detail from the aspects of commutation, non-conducting circulation and torque characteristics. The conclusions are as follows: under the three-state control strategy, the electric energy is always fed back to the power supply when the motor commutates because of the continuous current;The non-conducting circulation problem is more serious under the three-state advance angle control strategy; the non-conductive circulation problem is negligible under the six-state control strategy and the torque characteristic is better; the nine-state control strategy can make the motor obtain the optimal torque characteristic.But it also increases the current stress of the converter.In this paper, the DSEM initial position detection technique is also studied. Based on the basic principle of pulse injection, four initial position detection methods: 1) the peak current response method is easy to judge the error in the crossover position of the series inductance curve.The series inductors are rezoned throughout the period, and the rotor position judgment logic is optimized.The problem of initial positioning failure caused by low accuracy of current detection can be avoided. By fitting the functional relationship between the peak value of response current and the position of the rotor, an accurate rotor position can be obtained.) A phase based on the terminal voltage of non-conducting phase is proposed.Self-Inductive comparison method and its improved algorithm,An accurate initial location algorithm based on phase inductance linear partition model is proposed, which is independent of bus voltage variation.In this paper, a low speed positionless starting control method based on voltage pulse injection is proposed to realize the closed loop starting of the motor rotor position, and the effect of armature reaction on the ideal commutation point is analyzed, and it is pointed out that the armature reaction results in the distortion of inductance waveform although the armature reaction results in the distortion of inductance waveform.At the same time, the error analysis of the method is carried out, and it is pointed out that the maximum deviation between the actual commutative position of the motor and the ideal commutation point is the width of a combined pulse.Finally, the hardware system and software flow chart of the experiment are introduced and verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京航空航天大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TM352

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 張磊;劉闖;張?jiān)讫?管e鹲，

本文編號(hào)：1685086