本文選題：積塵　切入點：粘附模型　出處：《浙江理工大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,光伏發(fā)電技術發(fā)展迅速,在世界能源日益緊張的今天,太陽能光伏發(fā)電得到世界各國的大力推廣,其在總體能源結構中的比例也在穩(wěn)步提升。由于光伏組件長期置于室外接受太陽輻射,空氣中的灰塵等雜質會大量沉積在光伏面板表面,不僅會影響光伏電池發(fā)電效率,還會對光伏組件的壽命產生影響。針對現(xiàn)在光伏組件表面除塵裝置除塵效率低、對組件表面有損傷等問題,本文擬對基于脈沖氣流的光伏組件表面除塵機理與裝置設計進行系統(tǒng)、深入的研究,從而在不損壞光伏面板表面前提下,達到去除粘附顆粒的最佳效果。首先,本文分析了積塵顆粒的來源,從固體的表面能機理上直觀地解釋了積塵顆粒粘附于光伏面板表面的原因,構建顆粒粘附模型并對固體顆粒的粘附作用力來源和影響規(guī)律進行了分析,計算了不同尺寸顆粒物在光伏面板表面的粘附力,建立光伏面板表面固體顆粒粘附力計算模型。其次,通過分析風刀工作原理,建立風刀產生的氣體動壓強在光伏面板表面的分布計算模型,理論驗證了風刀除塵的有效性。使用FLUENT和EDEM軟件建立基于風刀的除塵系統(tǒng)仿真模型,對光伏面板表面粘附顆粒物的清除進行了仿真,獲得風刀除塵參數(shù)對粘附顆粒的去除規(guī)律和去除率。再次,設計了基于風刀除塵系統(tǒng)的簡化試驗方案,搭建了光伏面板表面除塵試驗平臺,對光伏面板表面進行顆粒污染物清除試驗,驗證仿真結果的準確性。通過正交試驗,對影響光伏面板表面除塵的各個因素進行了研究,通過極差與方差的分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)光伏面板傾角對積塵去除的影響最顯著。最后,通過對各個類型擴張腔噴頭進行仿真分析研究,最終選定三級三角形擴張腔噴頭。通過FLUENT的流場分析確定最優(yōu)尺寸,而后通過CFD-DEM仿真分析粘附于光伏面板的積塵顆粒在三級三角形擴張腔噴頭作用下的去除情況,得出積塵顆粒的去除率與噴頭輸入壓強的關系,從理論上證明擴張腔噴頭的除塵效果優(yōu)于風刀的除塵系統(tǒng)。
[Abstract]:In recent years, photovoltaic power generation technology has developed rapidly, in the world energy increasingly tense today, solar photovoltaic power generation by the world's countries to vigorously promote, Its share in the overall energy mix is also steadily rising. As photovoltaic modules are exposed to solar radiation for a long time, impurities such as dust in the air will deposit heavily on the surface of photovoltaic panels, which will not only affect the efficiency of photovoltaic cells. It will also have an impact on the life of photovoltaic modules. In view of the low efficiency of dust removal on the surface of photovoltaic modules and damage to the surface of the modules, In this paper, the mechanism and device design of photovoltaic module surface dust removal based on pulse airflow are systematically studied, so that the best effect of removing adhesion particles can be achieved without damaging the surface of photovoltaic panel. In this paper, the source of dust particles is analyzed, and the adhesion of dust particles to the surface of photovoltaic panels is explained intuitively from the surface energy mechanism of solids. The adhesion force of solid particles was analyzed and the adhesion force of particles with different sizes on the surface of photovoltaic panels was calculated. A model for calculating the adhesion force of solid particles on the surface of photovoltaic panel is established. Secondly, by analyzing the working principle of the wind knife, a model for calculating the distribution of the dynamic pressure of the gas produced by the wind knife on the surface of the photovoltaic panel is established. The simulation model of dust removal system based on wind knife is established by using FLUENT and EDEM software, and the removal of particles adhesion on the surface of photovoltaic panel is simulated. The removal rule and removal rate of adhesion particles by dust removal parameters of wind knife are obtained. Thirdly, a simplified test scheme based on wind knife dust removal system is designed, and a test platform for dust removal on the surface of photovoltaic panels is built. The particle pollutant removal test on the surface of photovoltaic panel is carried out to verify the accuracy of the simulation results. Through orthogonal test, the factors affecting the dust removal on the surface of photovoltaic panel are studied, and the range and variance are analyzed. It is found that the dip angle of photovoltaic panel has the most significant effect on dust removal. Finally, through the simulation analysis of each type of expanding cavity nozzle, the three-stage triangular expansion cavity nozzle is finally selected. The optimal size is determined by the flow field analysis of FLUENT. Then the removal of dust particles adhered to photovoltaic panels under the action of a three-level triangular expansion chamber nozzle is analyzed by CFD-DEM simulation, and the relationship between the removal rate of dust particles and the input pressure of the nozzle is obtained. It is proved theoretically that the dust removal effect of the sprayer is better than that of the wind knife.
【學位授予單位】：浙江理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM914.4

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