本文選題：智能電網(wǎng)　切入點：隱私保護　出處：《華東交通大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：智能電網(wǎng)作為新一代的電力系統(tǒng),采用了先進的技術(shù)實現(xiàn)了雙向通信,新技術(shù)的應(yīng)用也帶來許多新問題。隨著大量智能終端設(shè)備智能電表的部署,用戶側(cè)信息安全問題更加突出;同時隨著智能電網(wǎng)云存儲技術(shù)的應(yīng)用,其面臨的安全威脅也日益加劇。通過對用戶側(cè)智能電表及云存儲中隱私數(shù)據(jù)的分析,會對用戶的個人隱私和智能電網(wǎng)的安全穩(wěn)定運行造成極大危害。針對智能電網(wǎng)用戶側(cè)智能電表和云存儲中隱私數(shù)據(jù)泄漏的問題進行深入研究,主要完成了以下幾方面工作:首先,深入分析了智能電網(wǎng)用戶側(cè)智能電表隱私數(shù)據(jù)的安全威脅和安全需求,給出一種基于對稱密碼算法和安全數(shù)據(jù)聚合的隱私保護方案,該方案使用了對稱密碼算法對用戶側(cè)的智能電表的實時用電數(shù)據(jù)進行了加密,然后再用同態(tài)加密的方法將加密后的數(shù)據(jù)進行聚合后傳輸,其主要安全特性包括設(shè)備認(rèn)證、數(shù)據(jù)機密性和完整性,并通過安全數(shù)據(jù)聚合實現(xiàn)對用戶隱私數(shù)據(jù)的保護;同時采用TRC校驗電路的方式解決對智能電表威脅較大的差分故障攻擊。然后,研究了智能電網(wǎng)云存儲的特性和現(xiàn)有隱私數(shù)據(jù)訪問控制的不足,給出一種基于屬性角色的智能電網(wǎng)云訪問控制方案。該方案在CP-ABE加密方案的基礎(chǔ)上,通過建立特權(quán)角色并為其賦屬性集,用戶不直接獲得訪問權(quán)限,而是通過與特權(quán)角色進行屬性集驗證來獲得角色,再通過特權(quán)角色授權(quán)進而解密資源的訪問結(jié)構(gòu)密文獲得資源的訪問權(quán)限,這樣保證了用戶與權(quán)限的邏輯分離,只有獲得權(quán)限的的用戶才能獲得訪問資源,確保了智能電網(wǎng)數(shù)據(jù)在云存儲中的隱私保護。最后,構(gòu)建了智能電網(wǎng)隱私保護系統(tǒng)仿真模擬平臺,該平臺在ARM+FPGA的基礎(chǔ)上進行設(shè)計,采用了動態(tài)可重構(gòu)技術(shù)設(shè)計了一款通用型密碼安全芯片,在通信的過程中利用微處理器控制FPGA配置文件的動態(tài)加載。最后將設(shè)計的基于對稱密碼算法和安全數(shù)據(jù)聚合的智能電網(wǎng)隱私保護方案在該平臺上進行仿真模擬。同時對基于屬性角色的智能電網(wǎng)云訪問控制方案,在搭建的仿真平臺中模擬。結(jié)果表明,對智能電網(wǎng)用戶側(cè)智能電表以及智能電網(wǎng)云存儲中涉及的隱私數(shù)據(jù)保護方案的研究,可以有效提高智能電網(wǎng)隱私數(shù)據(jù)的安全性。
[Abstract]:As a new generation of power system, smart grid adopts advanced technology to realize two-way communication, and the application of new technology also brings many new problems. At the same time, with the application of smart grid cloud storage technology, its security threat is becoming more and more serious. Through the analysis of user side intelligent meter and privacy data in cloud storage, It will do great harm to the personal privacy of users and the safe and stable operation of smart grid. In view of the problem of privacy data leakage in smart grid user side smart meter and cloud storage, The main work is as follows: firstly, the security threats and security requirements of smart meter privacy data on smart grid user side are analyzed, and a privacy protection scheme based on symmetric cipher algorithm and secure data aggregation is proposed. The scheme uses symmetric cipher algorithm to encrypt the real-time electric data of the intelligent meter on the user side, and then uses homomorphic encryption method to aggregate the encrypted data and transmit the encrypted data. The main security features of the scheme include equipment authentication. Data confidentiality and integrity, and the security of data aggregation to achieve the protection of user privacy data; at the same time, the use of TRC verification circuit to solve the threat to intelligent meter differential fault attack. Then, This paper studies the characteristics of cloud storage in smart grid and the shortcomings of existing privacy data access control, and presents a scheme of cloud access control for smart grid based on attribute role, which is based on CP-ABE encryption scheme. By creating a privileged role and assigning it to an attribute set, the user does not directly obtain access, but instead obtains the role by validating the attribute set with the privileged role. Then the privilege role authorization is used to decrypt the access structure of the resource ciphertext to obtain the access right of the resource, which ensures the logical separation between the user and the permission, and only the user who obtains the permission can obtain the access resource. The privacy protection of smart grid data in cloud storage is ensured. Finally, a simulation platform of smart grid privacy protection system is constructed, which is designed on the basis of ARM FPGA. A general cryptographic security chip is designed by using dynamic reconfigurable technology. In the process of communication, the microprocessor is used to control the dynamic loading of FPGA configuration file. Finally, the privacy protection scheme of smart grid based on symmetric cipher algorithm and secure data aggregation is simulated on the platform. At the same time, the cloud access control scheme of smart grid based on attribute role is discussed. The simulation results show that the research on smart grid user side smart meter and privacy data protection scheme in smart grid cloud storage can effectively improve the security of smart grid privacy data.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM76

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