本文選題：智能配電網(wǎng)　切入點：供電恢復　出處：《山東大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：故障是影響配電網(wǎng)供電可靠性的重要因素之一,故障發(fā)生后,為提高配電網(wǎng)供電可靠性,減少用戶損失,需盡快恢復非故障停電區(qū)域的供電。目前常用的供電恢復方法包括數(shù)學優(yōu)化法、啟發(fā)式搜索方法、以及各種人工智能算法等。以往配電網(wǎng)供電恢復多采用集中式的方式,由主站借助配電終端設(shè)備獲取電網(wǎng)的拓撲、電氣量、開關(guān)量等信息,在主站中執(zhí)行供電恢復的優(yōu)化算法,獲得供電恢復方案,然后下發(fā)開關(guān)操作命令至配電終端設(shè)備執(zhí)行。集中式供電恢復方法存在信息搜集困難、計算量大、執(zhí)行效果有待提升等問題。針對集中式方法在實際應(yīng)用中存在的問題,本文提出一種完全分布式的供電恢復方法,該方法以分散安裝在配電網(wǎng)各測量點處的智能終端為中心,采用對等式的通信方式與其他終端交互信息,以快速恢復非故障停電區(qū)域供電為目標。故障發(fā)生后,智能配電終端通過與相鄰終端交互各類信息,并根據(jù)預定的策略控制各終端相互協(xié)作,在滿足約束條件的情況下快速恢復非故障停電區(qū)域供電。本文結(jié)合分布式系統(tǒng)的特點和供電恢復的要求,重點對網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓撲信息的分布式管理、網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓撲等值簡化方法和分布式拓撲搜索方法、目標函數(shù)約束條件的簡化求解方法進行了研究。描述了以智能配電終端為核心的分布式供電恢復系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)和功能,并采用圖論中有向圖理論對網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓撲進行簡化等值。提出了配電網(wǎng)拓撲、電氣量信息的分布式存儲和管理方法,各智能終端根據(jù)局部有限信息進行分布式拓撲搜索。提出了網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓撲的往返搜索原則,通過相鄰終端間"接力搜索"實現(xiàn)理論最大供電恢復范圍的確定和實際可恢復供電范圍的確定。提出了與分布式供電恢復網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓撲搜索過程相適應(yīng)的約束條件簡化求解方法,該方法以電網(wǎng)逐步戴維南等值為基礎(chǔ),搜索過程中實現(xiàn)功率、電壓約束驗證,不需進行集中式的潮流計算�？紤]了分布式電源和微網(wǎng)對負荷供電的支撐作用,提出了利用具備額外容量和孤島運行能力的分布式電源進行孤島搜索的方法。本文方法適合配電網(wǎng)點多面廣的結(jié)構(gòu)和靈活多變的運行特點,能夠自動識別網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓撲結(jié)構(gòu),具有良好的快速性和適應(yīng)性。采用對等式通信方式交互信息,減少了通信壓力并提高了通信速度。各智能配電終端均具備獨立引導供電恢復的能力,對于故障導致多個非故停電區(qū)的情況可并行處理,提高供電恢復速度。文中還對智能終端故障、開關(guān)不可操作等可能出現(xiàn)的特殊情況進行了考慮和分析。最后以兩個仿真算例對恢復過程進行了詳細介紹,同時驗證了本文所提方法的有效性和正確性。
[Abstract]:Fault is one of the important factors that affect the reliability of power supply in distribution network. After the failure occurs, in order to improve the reliability of power supply in distribution network and reduce the loss of users, It is necessary to restore power supply in non-fault blackout area as soon as possible. At present, the commonly used power supply restoration methods include mathematical optimization method, heuristic search method, and various artificial intelligence algorithms. With the help of distribution terminal equipment, the master station acquires the information of the topology, electric quantity and switch quantity of the power network, executes the optimization algorithm of power supply recovery in the main station, and obtains the power supply recovery scheme. The centralized power supply recovery method has some problems such as difficulty in collecting information, large amount of calculation, and need to be improved. In view of the problems existing in the practical application of the centralized power supply recovery method, the operation command is issued to the distribution terminal equipment. In this paper, a completely distributed power supply recovery method is proposed. The method centers on the intelligent terminal installed at the measuring points of the distribution network, and uses a peer-to-peer communication method to exchange information with other terminals. After the failure occurs, the intelligent distribution terminal exchanges all kinds of information with the adjacent terminals, and controls the terminals to cooperate with each other according to the predetermined strategy. According to the characteristics of distributed system and the requirement of power supply recovery, this paper focuses on the distributed management of network topology information. The network topology equivalent simplification method, the distributed topology search method and the simplified solution method of the constraint condition of the objective function are studied. The structure and function of the distributed power supply recovery system with intelligent distribution terminal as the core are described. A distributed storage and management method of distribution network topology and electrical information is proposed by using directed graph theory in graph theory to simplify the equivalence of network topology. Each intelligent terminal carries on the distributed topology search according to the local limited information, and puts forward the round-trip search principle of the network topology. By means of "relay search" between adjacent terminals, the theoretical maximum range of power supply recovery and the range of practical recoverable power supply are determined. A simplified solution of constraint conditions suitable to the topology search process of distributed power supply recovery network is proposed. The method is based on the step by step Davinan equivalence of the power grid, and realizes the verification of power and voltage constraints during the search process, without the need for centralized power flow calculation. The supporting effect of distributed power generation and microgrid on load supply is considered. A method of island searching based on distributed power supply with extra capacity and island operation capability is proposed. This method is suitable for the wide point structure and flexible operation of distribution network, and can identify the network topology automatically. It has good rapidity and adaptability. It uses peer-to-peer communication mode to exchange information, reduces the communication pressure and improves the communication speed. Each intelligent distribution terminal has the ability to independently guide the power supply recovery. It can be processed in parallel to improve the recovery speed of power supply in the case of multiple uncaused power outages caused by faults. The failure of intelligent terminals is also discussed in this paper. Finally, two simulation examples are given to introduce the recovery process in detail, and the validity and correctness of the proposed method are verified.
【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM732

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