本文選題：逆變器　切入點(diǎn)：多功能　出處：《河北工程大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國(guó)光照資源豐富,為替代消耗的傳統(tǒng)化石能源,國(guó)家制定政策鼓勵(lì)開發(fā)太陽(yáng)能。目前,國(guó)家大力發(fā)展光伏電站的建設(shè),但光伏組件中電池單元卻面臨在光照、溫度等外界條件不佳狀態(tài)下難以突破發(fā)電的局限性,同時(shí),光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)中功率器件的使用、電力網(wǎng)用戶側(cè)非線性負(fù)載比例的增加等都加重了公共電網(wǎng)諧波污染和無(wú)功消耗問(wèn)題。應(yīng)用在光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的逆變器和有源濾波器兩種設(shè)備在功能、結(jié)構(gòu)、控制方法等方面相似,所以為提高光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)輸出功率,降低分布式電源設(shè)備對(duì)公共電網(wǎng)的諧波污染,提高電網(wǎng)運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定性,可利用該特點(diǎn),發(fā)揮逆變器的一機(jī)兩用的功能,光照充足時(shí)進(jìn)行并網(wǎng)發(fā)電,當(dāng)發(fā)電條件不佳時(shí)逆變器發(fā)揮抑制電網(wǎng)諧波和補(bǔ)償無(wú)功作用。而改變逆變器的功能需要通過(guò)控制策略實(shí)現(xiàn)。因此,在逆變器功能的拓展及其控制策略方面展開研究。首先本文通過(guò)分析光伏并網(wǎng)發(fā)電系統(tǒng)中的多功能逆變器及并聯(lián)型有源濾波器的異同點(diǎn),確定選擇三相電壓源型拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)的逆變器為研究對(duì)象。然后為高效控制整個(gè)光伏并網(wǎng)發(fā)電系統(tǒng),采用了兩級(jí)式的主電路拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu),并對(duì)逆變器前級(jí)升壓電路選擇及逆變器交流側(cè)輸出濾波電感、電容參數(shù)設(shè)置原則進(jìn)行說(shuō)明。從而為搭建的光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)模型設(shè)置仿真參數(shù)提供依據(jù)。闡述了多功能逆變器的工作模式的選擇方法,在系統(tǒng)控制電路中設(shè)置了信號(hào)控制開關(guān),通過(guò)控制合成指令電流中成分不同來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)逆變器工作模式的設(shè)置。為了提高光伏并網(wǎng)發(fā)電系統(tǒng)功率傳輸效率,改進(jìn)了光伏陣列輸出特性曲線上的最大功率點(diǎn)跟蹤算法,在自適應(yīng)變步長(zhǎng)電導(dǎo)增量法基礎(chǔ)上,增加功率預(yù)測(cè)環(huán)節(jié),抑制光照突變?cè)斐傻淖畲蠊β庶c(diǎn)跟蹤振蕩。本文對(duì)逆變器采用直接電流控制策略,控制電路中主要包括諧波及無(wú)功電流檢測(cè)模塊、指令電流合成模塊等,為實(shí)現(xiàn)各模塊功能比較并選擇合適算法,并設(shè)計(jì)了指令電流的跟蹤控制器。提出了將模糊控制和變環(huán)寬滯環(huán)控制相結(jié)合,對(duì)逆變器的電流內(nèi)環(huán)控制進(jìn)行優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì),達(dá)到提高電流跟蹤控制效果的目的,降低功率器件開關(guān)頻率。最后,運(yùn)用MATLAB軟件對(duì)多功能逆變器的不同工作模式進(jìn)行仿真。仿真結(jié)果表明,本文提出的變環(huán)寬滯環(huán)電流控制方法能較準(zhǔn)確的跟蹤光伏并網(wǎng)發(fā)電系統(tǒng)在復(fù)合工作模式下的指令電流,既提高了并網(wǎng)發(fā)電電流跟蹤控制的動(dòng)態(tài)性,又實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)電網(wǎng)的諧波抑制和無(wú)功補(bǔ)償功能,提高逆變?cè)O(shè)備的性價(jià)比,驗(yàn)證了所提控制策略的正確性。
[Abstract]:Our country is rich in light resources. In order to replace the traditional fossil energy consumed, the government has made policies to encourage the development of solar energy. At present, the country has vigorously developed the construction of photovoltaic power plants, but the cell units in photovoltaic modules are facing the illumination. It is difficult to break through the limitation of power generation under poor external conditions such as temperature. At the same time, the use of power devices in photovoltaic power generation system, The problem of harmonic pollution and reactive power consumption is aggravated by the increase of nonlinear load ratio on the user side of power grid. The inverter and active filter used in photovoltaic power system are similar in function, structure, control method and so on. It is considered that by increasing the output power of photovoltaic power generation system, reducing the harmonic pollution caused by the distributed generation equipment to the public grid, and improving the stability of the power grid, we can make use of this characteristic and give full play to the dual-purpose function of the inverter. When light is sufficient, grid-connected power generation is carried out. When the generation conditions are not good, the inverter plays a role of restraining power grid harmonics and compensating reactive power, and changing the function of inverter needs to be realized through control strategy. Firstly, this paper analyzes the similarities and differences of multifunctional inverter and shunt active power filter in photovoltaic grid-connected generation system. The inverter with three-phase voltage source topology is selected as the research object. Then, in order to control the whole photovoltaic grid-connected generation system efficiently, the two-stage main circuit topology is adopted. At the same time, the selection of the front stage boost circuit of the inverter and the output filter inductance of the AC side of the inverter are given. The principle of capacitive parameter setting is explained, which provides the basis for setting up simulation parameters of photovoltaic power system model. The method of selecting the working mode of multifunctional inverter is expounded, and the signal control switch is set up in the control circuit of the system. In order to improve the power transmission efficiency of photovoltaic grid-connected generation system, the maximum power point tracking algorithm on the output characteristic curve of photovoltaic array is improved. On the basis of adaptive variable step length conductance increment method, power prediction is added to suppress the maximum power point tracking oscillation caused by sudden illumination. In this paper, direct current control strategy is adopted for inverter. The control circuit mainly includes harmonic and reactive current detection module, instruction current synthesis module and so on. In order to achieve the functional comparison of each module and select the appropriate algorithm, A tracking controller of instruction current is designed, and the combination of fuzzy control and variable loop width hysteresis control is proposed to optimize the current internal loop control of the inverter, so as to improve the effect of current tracking control. Finally, the MATLAB software is used to simulate the different operation modes of the multifunctional inverter. The simulation results show that, The variable loop wide hysteresis current control method proposed in this paper can accurately track the command current of grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system in composite mode, which improves the dynamic characteristics of grid-connected generation current tracking control. The harmonic suppression and reactive power compensation are realized, and the performance to price ratio of inverter equipment is improved. The correctness of the proposed control strategy is verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM615;TM464

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