本文選題：分布式電源　切入點：電網(wǎng)優(yōu)化配置　出處：《湖南大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著能源問題與氣候條件變化問題日益被關(guān)注,實現(xiàn)低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、減少化石能源的過度消耗成為了各國與各行各業(yè)的一致目標(biāo)。近年來,隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的增長,我國的碳排放量明顯增高,其中以煤炭為燃料的火力發(fā)電的環(huán)境成本較高,所以電力行業(yè)作為中國重要的能源部門,是實現(xiàn)低碳電力,引領(lǐng)全社會低碳發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵。分布式電源由于其低污染、儲量大、靈活性及可靠性高等特點引起了人們的日益重視,得以快速的發(fā)展,并對電網(wǎng)產(chǎn)生了重大影響。分布式電源并網(wǎng)能有效解決當(dāng)前面臨的頗為棘手的經(jīng)濟(jì)、能源和環(huán)境等方面的問題,但分布式電源接入電網(wǎng)后會對電網(wǎng)的潮流分布、網(wǎng)絡(luò)損耗、電壓分布、系統(tǒng)規(guī)劃等方面產(chǎn)生的影響,且影響程度與分布式電源接入的位置和容量密切相關(guān)。一旦配置不當(dāng),會影響電網(wǎng)正常運行指標(biāo)和導(dǎo)致資源浪費。因此,分布式電源在電網(wǎng)中的優(yōu)化配置方法研究具有重要的理論和實踐意義。分布式電源接入電網(wǎng)后會產(chǎn)生一定量的碳排放,對環(huán)境產(chǎn)生一定的影響。在傳統(tǒng)的分布式電源優(yōu)化配置方法的基礎(chǔ)上,本文通過采用全生命周期評估方法,對分布式電源的碳排放系數(shù)進(jìn)行計算,利用灰色預(yù)測方法結(jié)合具體算例綜合分析了分布式電源接入電網(wǎng)后產(chǎn)生的碳排放影響,并將分布式電源的碳排放影響考慮到分布式電源的優(yōu)化配置方法中。本文建立了以電網(wǎng)的有功網(wǎng)損最小為目標(biāo)函數(shù)的分布式電源優(yōu)化配置的數(shù)學(xué)模型,在潮流約束和運行約束條件以外,同時考慮接入分布式電源后的碳排放約束進(jìn)行模型仿真,基于場景法對分布式電源出力和電網(wǎng)負(fù)荷等不確定性因素進(jìn)行處理,利用GAMS軟件中的非線性混合整數(shù)問題優(yōu)化算法得到分布式電源最優(yōu)的接入位置和容量。以IEEE 30節(jié)點系統(tǒng)和湖南省郴州市電網(wǎng)為算例,驗證了該方法的有效性。同時通過比較考慮低碳約束前后的仿真結(jié)果,發(fā)現(xiàn)兩個算例在考慮低碳約束后的網(wǎng)絡(luò)損耗盡管有少量增加,但是一天內(nèi)的碳排放量分別減少了近30kg和100kg,所以在進(jìn)行分布式電源優(yōu)化配置時考慮低碳約束能夠有效減少電網(wǎng)的碳排放,具有實際意義。
[Abstract]:With the increasing attention to energy and climate change, the realization of low-carbon economy and the reduction of excessive consumption of fossil energy have become the common goals of various countries and industries. In recent years, with the growth of economy, China's carbon emissions have increased significantly, in which coal-fired thermal power generation has a higher environmental cost, so the electricity industry, as an important energy sector in China, is to realize low-carbon electricity. Because of its low pollution, large reserves, high flexibility and high reliability, distributed power generation has attracted more and more attention and developed rapidly. Distributed generation can effectively solve the thorny problems in economy, energy and environment, but the distribution of power flow and network loss will be affected by the distributed generation when it is connected to the power grid. The influence of voltage distribution, system planning and so on is closely related to the location and capacity of distributed power access. If not configured properly, it will affect the normal operation index of power grid and lead to waste of resources. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the optimal configuration method of distributed generation in power network. When distributed generation is connected to power grid, it will produce a certain amount of carbon emissions. On the basis of the traditional optimal configuration method of distributed power supply, the carbon emission coefficient of distributed power generation is calculated by using the whole life cycle evaluation method. In this paper, the influence of carbon emission caused by distributed power generation connected to the power network is analyzed comprehensively by using grey prediction method and concrete examples. The influence of carbon emission of distributed generation is taken into account in the optimal configuration method of distributed power supply. A mathematical model of optimal configuration of distributed power supply is established in this paper, which takes the minimum of active power loss as the objective function. Besides the power flow constraint and the operation constraint, the model simulation is carried out by considering the carbon emission constraints of the distributed power supply, and the uncertainty factors such as power generation and power grid load are treated based on the scenario method. The optimal access position and capacity of distributed power generation are obtained by using the nonlinear mixed integer problem optimization algorithm in GAMS software. The IEEE 30-bus system and Chenzhou Power Grid in Hunan Province are taken as an example. The effectiveness of the method is verified. By comparing the simulation results before and after considering low carbon constraints, it is found that the network losses of two examples with low carbon constraints are slightly increased. However, the carbon emissions in one day are reduced by nearly 30kg and 100kg, respectively, so it is of practical significance to consider the low carbon constraints in the optimal configuration of distributed power supply to effectively reduce the carbon emissions of the power grid.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TM715
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本文編號：1662528