發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-24 07:05

  本文選題：鉑合金納米晶　切入點(diǎn)：燃料電池　出處：《科學(xué)通報(bào)》2017年25期

【摘要】：具有可控形貌的鉑合金納米晶,尤其是表面由(111)面構(gòu)成的納米八面體或二十面體等,被認(rèn)為是一種理想的高催化活性燃料電池電極催化劑,其重要的應(yīng)用價(jià)值吸引了國(guó)際上許多研究組的興趣和大量研究.近年來(lái)有關(guān)鉑合金納米晶的形貌可控合成和催化性能取得了突飛猛進(jìn)的進(jìn)展;但與此同時(shí),如何在長(zhǎng)期的催化反應(yīng)服役過(guò)程中保持合金納米晶的形貌和催化性能的長(zhǎng)期穩(wěn)定是拓展其實(shí)際應(yīng)用的重要瓶頸.本文首先回顧了近年來(lái)在鉑合金納米晶的形貌調(diào)控和催化性能提升上的重要進(jìn)展,進(jìn)一步介紹了鉑合金納米晶在催化反應(yīng)前后形貌和催化性能的穩(wěn)定性,以及基于高分辨透射電子顯微鏡和譜學(xué)分析的失效機(jī)制研究;最后,總結(jié)了提高形貌和催化性能穩(wěn)定性的一些可行途徑.這些結(jié)果對(duì)進(jìn)一步設(shè)計(jì)具有高活性、長(zhǎng)壽命的燃料電池鉑合金納米催化劑具有較好的指導(dǎo)作用,同時(shí)也對(duì)用于其他催化反應(yīng)的金屬合金納米晶催化劑具有一定的借鑒作用.
[Abstract]:Platinum alloy nanocrystalline with controllable morphology, especially nano-octahedron or icosahedron with a surface of 111, is considered to be an ideal electrode catalyst for highly catalytic active fuel cell. Its important application value has attracted the interest and research of many research groups in the world. In recent years, the morphology controlled synthesis and catalytic performance of platinum alloy nanocrystals have made rapid progress; but at the same time, How to maintain the long-term stability of the morphology and catalytic performance of the alloy nanocrystals during the long service of catalytic reaction is an important bottleneck to expand its practical application. This paper first reviews the morphology modulation of platinum alloy nanocrystals in recent years. Important advances in control and catalytic performance enhancement, The stability of the morphology and catalytic performance of platinum alloy nanocrystals before and after catalytic reaction and the failure mechanism based on high resolution transmission electron microscopy and spectroscopic analysis are further introduced. Some feasible ways to improve the morphology and stability of the catalyst are summarized. These results have a good guiding effect on the further design of high activity and long life platinum alloy nanocatalysts for fuel cells. It can also be used as a reference for metal alloy nanocrystalline catalysts for other catalytic reactions.
【作者單位】： 清華大學(xué)深圳研究生院能源與環(huán)境學(xué)部;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金(21573123) 國(guó)家優(yōu)秀青年科學(xué)基金(51622103)資助
【分類號(hào)】：O643.36;TM911.4

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