本文選題：軌道交通　切入點(diǎn)：電池均衡　出處：《北京交通大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：鋰離子電池在各個領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用越來越廣泛,尤其在軌道交通領(lǐng)域其作為動力系統(tǒng)和儲能系統(tǒng)發(fā)揮著至關(guān)重要的作用。但是循環(huán)充放電的過程,會導(dǎo)致電池組內(nèi)單體電池的不一致性。造成這種不一致性的原因主要是由于電池的生產(chǎn)水平不夠高和使用環(huán)境不夠好。電池的不一致性會使其容量和能量利用率降低、功率能力受到限制,甚至?xí)s短壽命。為解決這個問題,需要對電池進(jìn)行均衡控制。電池均衡的方法有很多,其中雙向DC/DC隔離轉(zhuǎn)換均衡法以其均衡精度高、速度快、效率高的特點(diǎn)被人們廣泛使用。本文針對電池均衡的應(yīng)用背景,結(jié)合電池組實際的功率參數(shù)研制了一臺隔離型雙向DC/DC變換器,具體研究內(nèi)容如下:首先,對隔離型雙向DC/DC變換器的拓?fù)溥M(jìn)行選擇,將變壓器兩邊分為高壓側(cè)和低壓側(cè),分別對變壓器兩側(cè)的整流或逆變環(huán)節(jié)進(jìn)行拓?fù)鋵Ρ炔⒑Y選,最終選擇了集成濾波的推挽正激倍流拓?fù)洹Ｈ缓髮Υ送負(fù)溥M(jìn)行分析,主要包括降壓模式和升壓模式下的工作原理分析,并詳細(xì)地介紹了箝位電容的作用和耦合電感對電路的影響。然后介紹磁集成的具體方法,闡述了磁件的兩種常用建模方法:磁路-電路對偶變換法和磁導(dǎo)-電容類比建模法;介紹了磁件繞組的拆分方法:源轉(zhuǎn)移等效變換法;并詳細(xì)地描述了電感和變壓器進(jìn)行磁集成的步驟。其次,對此隔離型雙向DC/DC變換器進(jìn)行設(shè)計。首先對變換器進(jìn)行建模,然后對集成變壓器的參數(shù)、高壓側(cè)的箝位電容、低壓側(cè)的濾波電容、功率開關(guān)管的損耗與驅(qū)動電阻等參數(shù)進(jìn)行計算,并對主電路、緩沖電路、驅(qū)動電路、電壓電流檢測電路以及軟件控制進(jìn)行設(shè)計。最后,根據(jù)上述原理分析與電路設(shè)計,對磁集成后的變換器進(jìn)行仿真分析;搭建了相應(yīng)的實驗平臺,對變換器低壓側(cè)不同的工作電流進(jìn)行了調(diào)試,使變換器的輸入輸出電壓、電流均滿足目標(biāo)參數(shù),并對實驗結(jié)果進(jìn)行分析。
[Abstract]:Lithium-ion batteries are widely used in various fields, especially in the field of rail transit, which plays a vital role as a power system and energy storage system. The inconsistency of the single cell in the battery pack is mainly due to the low level of production of the battery and the poor environment in use. The inconsistency of the cell reduces its capacity and energy utilization. In order to solve this problem, battery equalization control is needed. There are many methods of battery equalization, among which the bidirectional DC/DC isolation and conversion equalization method has high equalization accuracy and high speed. The characteristics of high efficiency are widely used. In this paper, according to the application background of battery equalization and the actual power parameters of battery pack, an isolated bi-directional DC/DC converter is developed. The main contents are as follows: firstly, The topology of isolated bidirectional DC/DC converter is selected. The two sides of transformer are divided into high voltage side and low voltage side. Finally, the push-pull forward doubler topology with integrated filtering is selected, and then the topology is analyzed, including the working principle analysis of the step-down mode and the boost mode. The function of clamping capacitance and the influence of coupling inductor on circuit are introduced in detail. Then the specific method of magnetic integration is introduced, and two common modeling methods of magnetic component are described: magnetic circuit dual transformation method and magnetic conductance capacitance analogy modeling method. This paper introduces the separation method of magnetic part windings: source transfer equivalent transformation method, and describes in detail the steps of magnetic integration of inductors and transformers. Secondly, the isolated bi-directional DC/DC converter is designed. Then the parameters of the integrated transformer, the clamping capacitance of the high-voltage side, the filter capacitance of the low-voltage side, the loss of the power switch and the driving resistance are calculated, and the main circuit, the buffer circuit, the drive circuit, etc. The voltage and current detection circuit and software control are designed. Finally, according to the above principle analysis and circuit design, the magnetically integrated converter is simulated and analyzed. The different operating current at low voltage side of the converter is debugged to make the input and output voltage and current of the converter meet the target parameters and the experimental results are analyzed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM46

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