本文選題：表面等離子體共振　切入點：上轉(zhuǎn)換功能材料　出處：《武漢大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：為了解決工業(yè)迅速發(fā)展所帶來的能源危機問題,人們越來越重視對新能源,尤其是清潔無污染的可再生能源的研究。其中,染料敏化太陽能電池因具有制造成本低、制造工藝簡單以及光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率高等優(yōu)點而受到廣泛地研究。本論文主要探究光陽極薄膜中引入貴金屬納米材料和上轉(zhuǎn)換熒光材料后對染料敏化太陽能電池性能的影響及其產(chǎn)生機理。研究內(nèi)容有以下兩個方面:采用溶膠-凝膠法制備了納米晶核殼結(jié)構(gòu)的Au@Si02,并將此納米顆粒按不同的質(zhì)量比(Au@Si02:Ti02)摻入到染料敏化太陽能電池光陽極薄膜中。研究結(jié)果表明,Au@Si02的引入使得吸附在光陽極上的染料的光吸收增強,并顯著提高了電池的短路電流密度Jsc和光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率η。在0.3%質(zhì)量比處電池性能最佳,對應(yīng)的短路電流密度為15.5 mA·cm-2,光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率達到6.49%,比純的TiO2光陽極電池的效率提高了 17.5%。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),電池性能的提高可歸因于殼內(nèi)Au納米顆粒的局域表面等離子體共振增強光陽極上染料的光吸收以及Si02外殼層對暗電流的有效抑制。采用種子誘導(dǎo)生長法和水熱法分別制備了不同晶粒尺寸的三角形銀納米片(簡稱"T-Ag")以及雙核殼結(jié)構(gòu)上轉(zhuǎn)換材料NaYF4@SiO2@TiO2(簡稱"NST")。將質(zhì)量比(mAg:mTiO2)為 0.5%的 T-Ag、質(zhì)量比(mNST:mTiO2)為 15%的 NST分別引入到染料敏化太陽能電池光陽極薄膜中。研究結(jié)果顯示,光陽極薄膜中單獨引入T-Ag或NST時,電池的光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率比基于傳統(tǒng)光陽極電池分別提高了14.3%和10%。當(dāng)光陽極薄膜中同時引入T-Ag和NST時,電池的短路電流密度和光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率進一步提高,分別為16.27 mA.cm-2和6.99%,比基于傳統(tǒng)的光陽極電池提高了 17.7%和22%。電池性能的顯著改善歸因于以下幾個方面:(1)T-Ag的局域表面等離子體共振效應(yīng)增加了染料對入射光的吸收強度;(2)T-Ag對入射光具有一定的散射性能,能增加入射光在薄膜中的光程,進而增加染料對光的捕獲幾率;(3)上轉(zhuǎn)換材料能吸收近紅外波段的光并將其轉(zhuǎn)換為染料可吸收的可見光;(4)亞微米級上轉(zhuǎn)換晶體可以作為米氏散射中心,有效提高染料對光的捕獲率;(5)包覆的二氧化硅的殼層有效解決了 NaYF4:Er3+,Yb3+表面缺陷所導(dǎo)致的對光生載流子束縛問題。
[Abstract]:In order to solve the problem of energy crisis caused by the rapid development of industry, people pay more and more attention to the research of new energy, especially clean and non-polluting renewable energy. The advantages of simple manufacturing process and high optoelectronic conversion efficiency have been extensively studied in this paper. This paper mainly studies the performance of dye sensitized solar cells with the introduction of noble metal nanomaterials and up-conversion fluorescent materials into photoanode films. The effect and mechanism of Au@ Si02 were studied in two aspects: Au@ Si02 with nanocrystalline core-shell structure was prepared by sol-gel method, and the nano-particle was doped into dye sensitized solar cell with different mass ratio of Au@ Si02: Ti02). The results show that the introduction of Aur @ Si02 increases the optical absorption of the dyes adsorbed on the photocathode. The short-circuit current density (Jsc) and photoelectric conversion efficiency (畏) of the battery are significantly improved. The battery performance is the best at the mass ratio of 0.3%. The corresponding short-circuit current density is 15.5 Ma 路cm-2, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency is 6.49, which is 17.5% higher than that of pure TiO2 photoanode cell. The improvement of cell performance can be attributed to the enhancement of photoabsorption of dyes on the photocathode by local surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of au nanoparticles in the shell and the effective inhibition of dark current by Si02 shell layer. Seed induced growth and hydrothermal methods are used. Triangular silver nanoparticles with different grain sizes ("T-Ag") and binocore structure upconversion material NaYF4SiO2O2TiO2 ("NST") were prepared respectively. NST with mass ratio of 0.5% to 0.5% and NST of 15% to mNST-v-mTiO2 were introduced to dye sensitization respectively. The results show that, When T-Ag or NST is introduced into the photoanode film alone, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the cell is 14.3% and 10 higher than that of the traditional photoanode cell, respectively. When T-Ag and NST are introduced into the photoanode film, The short-circuit current density and photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery are further improved. The results were 16.27 mA.cm-2 and 6.99, respectively, which were 17.7% and 22 higher than those of the conventional photoanode battery. The remarkable improvement in the performance of the cell was attributed to the following aspects: the local surface plasmon resonance effect of 1: 1 T Ag increased the absorption of incident light by the dye. The T-Ag has a certain scattering property to the incident light. Can increase the path of incident light in the film, Furthermore, the upconversion material can absorb the light in the near infrared band and convert it into the visible light absorbable by dye. The sub-micron up-conversion crystal can be used as the center of the Micron scattering. The shell layer of silica coated with dye can effectively solve the problem of photoinduced carrier binding caused by the surface defects of NaYF4:Er3 Yb3.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM914.4

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